Bricks consume a massive quantity of clay. Using clay bricks causes erosion, lowers the water table, and harms the environment. This research examined various waste materials, including fly ash, quarry dust, marble dust, eggshell powder (ESP), and rice husk ash (RHA), in varying percentages to avoid using clay in manufacturing bricks. Compressive strength and water absorption tests were conducted, and the results were compared with the specifications for traditional clay bricks. It was observed that the compressive strength and water absorption values met the relevant standards needed for standard construction bricks. Furthermore, the cost of manufacturing bricks from waste materials was estimated, and the findings show that manufacturing bricks from waste materials cost less than conventional bricks. Finally, it was concluded that the brick industry could become more sustainable and economically feasible by using specific waste materials in manufacturing bricks.

The Ugi-azide MCR (UA) is one of the most efficient methods for the synthesis of 1,5-disubstituted-1H-tetrazoles (1,5-DS-T). Complex drug-like scaffolds incorporating tetrazoles have demonstrated a wide range of therapeutic benefits such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibiotic, anti-ulcer, anti-anxiety and anti-hypertensive agents, attributable to their mimetic cis amide of peptide bonds that enhance metabolic stability, selectivity and other beneficial physicochemical properties, in addition to their applications in bioimaging, photoimaging and coordination chemistry. Herein, we present the ultrasound-assisted sustainable synthesis of six novel 1,5 DS-T under solvent-free conditions.

Rosuvastatin is a synthetic statin medication approved for the management of lipid disorders and also for preventing cardiovascular disease in at-risk individuals. Generic rosuvastatin formulations have been developed which are comparatively lower in cost and also assumed to be bio-similar to the innovator brand Crestor®. The present study investigated the chemical and physical attributes together with the in vitro bioequivalence profiles of four generic brands of rosuvastatin calcium tablets marketed in Jos, Nigeria in comparison to the reference brand. The tablet dimensions (thickness and diameter), weight variation, friability, hardness, disintegration time and dissolution profiles were evaluated in accordance to standard procedures. The samples were also assayed using Ultraviolet–Visible spectrophotometry at wavelength of 242.5 nm in methanol. In vitro bioequivalence was evaluated by determining the difference ( $${\text{f}}_{1}$$ ) and similarity ( $${\text{f}}_{2}$$ ) factors. The generic brands all complied with the pharmacopoeial specifications for weight variation, friability and disintegration. In addition, the tablet brands tested all had active drug content ranging from 94.92 to 109.2% and released over 80% of rosuvastatin calcium within the first twenty minutes of the dissolution studies thereby complying with pharmacopoeial requirements for content and dissolution respectively. All brands had similarity factor ( $${\text{f}}_{2}$$ ) values ranging from 50 to 100 and difference factor ( $${\text{f}}_{1}$$ ) values between 0 to 15% at pH 6.6, thus implying that the brands can be used interchangeably with the innovator brand. The chemical and physical tests carried out reveal that the locally marketed brands of rosuvastatin calcium are of good quality and meet the required regulatory standards.