Artificial intelligence is becoming a defining force in public governance, yet many institutions still struggle to adopt it in ethical, sustainable, and scalable ways. This article reports on a systematic literature review in line with PRISMA 2020 guidelines, covering 67 peer-reviewed studies published between 2014 and 2024. The review shows that AI can help public institutions work faster and more transparently, but it also reveals several common problems. Many organizations still face fragmented data, weak connections between systems, limited digital tools, a lack of staff skills, and ethical risks such as bias and privacy concerns. To address these problems, the study introduces the AI Integration Capability Model, a framework based on the Technology Acceptance Model, Digital-Era Governance, and Dynamic Capabilities theory. The model highlights four institutional pillars: data access and interoperability, digital infrastructure and redesigned processes, workforce skills and learning capacity, and leadership and management reform. Its relevance was tested through a three-round Delphi study with 15 senior experts from Moroccan public institutions, who agreed on the feasibility and urgency of all four pillars. The findings offer policymakers practical guidance for AI adoption and outline a roadmap for aligning innovation with institutional readiness and public trust.

The purpose of the current study is to identify factors associated with women’s entrepreneurial success. By embracing social feminism theory, this study provides a well-rounded analysis of the individual, social, institutional, and economic factors that shape successful women’s business development in a patriarchal society within a Muslim and Arab country. Following the conceptual model development, data were obtained from 212 Moroccan women business owners using a web-based questionnaire. The results, based on structural equation modeling, revealed the positive and direct influence of individual factors on women entrepreneurs’ success, including the need for achievement, and risk-taking. Additionally, external factors, particularly government support, social support, and access to finance, were found to be an important determinant of the entrepreneurial success of Moroccan women. This study enriches the existing knowledge on the determinants of the entrepreneurial success of women in developing countries. It offers offer useful managerial implications for policymakers who should implement appropriate actions to promote gender equality, as well as foster an environment conducive to enabling Moroccan women to launch and develop their own businesses.

Background: Despite international efforts, maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) outcomes in Africa continue to lag due to inefficient health systems and underperforming financial frameworks. Financial factors—such as total health expenditure, health coverage indices, and spending per capita—are key but understudied drivers of MNCH service efficiency. Objective: This study investigates the extent to which financial inputs influence the technical efficiency of MNCH service delivery across 46 African countries. The aim is to generate evidence for health financing policies that can enhance both efficiency and health equity. Methods: We adopted a 2-stage analytical framework. First, data envelopment analysis using a variable returns-to-scale, input-oriented model was applied to measure technical efficiency. Second, Tobit regression identified the financial determinants of inefficiency. Explanatory variables included current health expenditures, a health coverage index, and current health expenditures per capita. Results: Only 12 of 46 countries (26%) achieved full technical efficiency (efficiency score=1), while the rest (n=34, 74%) were inefficient, with a mean score of 0.849. Efficiency was notably lower in low-income countries (mean 0.810) compared to upper-middle-income countries (mean 0.940). Tobit regression showed that increased current health expenditure significantly reduced inefficiency ( β =–.0811; P =.001). Conversely, a higher health coverage index unexpectedly increased inefficiency ( β =.0155; P =.001), suggesting that expanded coverage without improved governance or resource capacity may strain systems. Health expenditure per capita was not statistically significant. Model 2 demonstrated stronger explanatory power (pseudo R ²=0.8943). Conclusions: Financial factors, particularly total health expenditure, play a decisive role in shaping MNCH efficiency across African nations. However, expanding health coverage without parallel improvements in system governance may exacerbate inefficiencies. To enhance MNCH outcomes, policy efforts must focus on increasing and strategically allocating financial resources while strengthening institutional accountability and performance.