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Chunhong Liu
College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

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Journal article
Published: 30 June 2021 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Dimethoxyethyl phthalate (DMEP) is an environmental endocrine disruptor. However, research into the underlying mechanisms of DMEP mitochondrial toxicity is still in its infancy. We therefore expect to understand whether DMEP induced mitochondrial damage in HepG2 cells and the associated signaling pathways. DMEP (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM) exposure for 48 h induced a notable increment in reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in hepG2 cells, resulting in cellular oxidative stress. Low doses of DMEP upregulated nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and downstream protein haeme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) levels and high doses down-regulated their levels. Nrf2 levels increased after ROS scavenging by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), which indicated that the Nrf2 pathway may be affected by oxidative stress. We also found that DMEP decreased ATP content, mitochondrial copy number (mtDNA), translocase of the outer membrane subunit 20 (TOM20) expression, mitochondria-encoded genes CO1, CO2, CO3, ATP6, ATP8 expression, inhibited mitochondrial biogenesis pathway, down-regulated sirtuin 1(SIRT1), PPAR gamma co-activator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), Nuclear respiratory factor 1(Nrf1), Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) content and activated PINK1/Parkin autophagy pathway. DMEP also activated the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, causing cytochrome c cytoplasmic translocation and caspase 3 cleavage. What’s more, DMEP activated the Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway and levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly upregulated, causing an inflammatory response. In summary, DMEP can cause inflammatory response and oxidative stress in HepG2 cells, inhibited the Nrf2 pathway and mitochondrial biogenesis, and induced autophagy and apoptosis. And oxidative stress at least partially affected the Nrf2 pathway and mitochondrial biogenesis SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway.

ACS Style

Huan Liu; Siyu Zhu; Wenna Han; Yueqi Cai; Chunhong Liu. DMEP induces mitochondrial damage regulated by inhibiting Nrf2 and SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathways in HepG2 cells. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2021, 221, 112449 .

AMA Style

Huan Liu, Siyu Zhu, Wenna Han, Yueqi Cai, Chunhong Liu. DMEP induces mitochondrial damage regulated by inhibiting Nrf2 and SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathways in HepG2 cells. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2021; 221 ():112449.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huan Liu; Siyu Zhu; Wenna Han; Yueqi Cai; Chunhong Liu. 2021. "DMEP induces mitochondrial damage regulated by inhibiting Nrf2 and SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathways in HepG2 cells." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 221, no. : 112449.

Journal article
Published: 05 June 2021 in Toxics
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Phthalate esters (PAEs) are a widespread environmental pollutant, and their ecological and environmental health risks have gradually attracted attention. To reveal the toxicity characteristics of these compounds, ten PAEs were selected as research objects to establish a cell model. CCK-8 was used to determine cell viability, Western blots were used to determine the content of Nrf2 in HepG2, and the LD50 collected for the 13 PAEs administered to rats. On this basis, 3D-QSAR models of IC50, LD50 and Nrf2 were established. The experimental results showed that as the time of PAEs exposure increased (24, 48 and 72 h), cell viability gradually decreased. The test concentration (62.5 /125/250 μM) of PAEs exposed for 48 h could significantly increase the content of Nrf2, and the 1000 μM PAEs could inhibit the content of Nrf2. The model is relatively stable and predicts well that the introduction of large and hydrophobic groups may significantly affect the toxic effects of PAEs on cells. The present study provided a potential tool for predicting the LD50 and Nrf2 of new PAEs, and provide a reference for the design of new less toxic PAEs in the future.

ACS Style

Huan Liu; Huiying Huang; Xueman Xiao; Zilin Zhao; Chunhong Liu. Effects of Phthalate Esters (PAEs) on Cell Viability and Nrf2 of HepG2 and 3D-QSAR Studies. Toxics 2021, 9, 134 .

AMA Style

Huan Liu, Huiying Huang, Xueman Xiao, Zilin Zhao, Chunhong Liu. Effects of Phthalate Esters (PAEs) on Cell Viability and Nrf2 of HepG2 and 3D-QSAR Studies. Toxics. 2021; 9 (6):134.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huan Liu; Huiying Huang; Xueman Xiao; Zilin Zhao; Chunhong Liu. 2021. "Effects of Phthalate Esters (PAEs) on Cell Viability and Nrf2 of HepG2 and 3D-QSAR Studies." Toxics 9, no. 6: 134.

Journal article
Published: 11 May 2021 in Metabolites
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Obesity has become a worldwide health problem over the past three decades. During obesity, metabolic dysfunction of white adipose tissue (WAT) is a key factor increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. A variety of diet approaches have been proposed for the prevention and treatment of obesity. The low-protein high-fat diet (LPHF) is a special kind of high-fat diet, characterized by the intake of a low amount of protein, while compared to typical high-fat diet, may induce weight loss and browning of WAT. Physical activity is another effective intervention to treat obesity by reducing WAT mass, inducing browning of WAT. In order to determine whether an LPHF, along with exercise enhanced body weight loss and body fat loss as well as the synergistic effect of an LPHF and exercise on energy expenditure in a mice model, we combined a 10-week LPHF with an 8-week forced treadmill training. Meanwhile, a traditional high-fat diet (HPHF) containing the same fat and relatively more protein was introduced as a comparison. In the current study, we further analyzed energy metabolism-related gene expression, plasma biomarkers, and related physiological changes. When comparing to HPHF, which induced a dramatic increase in body weight and WAT weight, the LPHF led to considerable loss of body weight and WAT, without muscle mass and strength decline, while it exhibited a risk of liver and pancreas damage. The mechanism underlying the LPHF-induced loss of body weight and WAT may be attributed to the synergistically upregulated expression of Ucp1 in WAT and Fgf21 in the liver, which may enhance energy expenditure. The 8-week training did not further enhance weight loss and increased plasma biomarkers of muscle damage when combined with LPHF. Furthermore, LPHF reduced the expression of fatty acid oxidation-related genes in adipose tissues, muscle tissues, and liver. Our results indicated that an LPHF has potential for obesity treatment, while the physiological condition should be monitored during application.

ACS Style

Yifeng Rang; Sihui Ma; Jiao Yang; Huan Liu; Katsuhiko Suzuki; Chunhong Liu. A Low-Protein High-Fat Diet Leads to Loss of Body Weight and White Adipose Tissue Weight via Enhancing Energy Expenditure in Mice. Metabolites 2021, 11, 301 .

AMA Style

Yifeng Rang, Sihui Ma, Jiao Yang, Huan Liu, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Chunhong Liu. A Low-Protein High-Fat Diet Leads to Loss of Body Weight and White Adipose Tissue Weight via Enhancing Energy Expenditure in Mice. Metabolites. 2021; 11 (5):301.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yifeng Rang; Sihui Ma; Jiao Yang; Huan Liu; Katsuhiko Suzuki; Chunhong Liu. 2021. "A Low-Protein High-Fat Diet Leads to Loss of Body Weight and White Adipose Tissue Weight via Enhancing Energy Expenditure in Mice." Metabolites 11, no. 5: 301.

Journal article
Published: 06 April 2021 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Nonylphenol (NP) is a representative environmental endocrine-disrupting compound that can induce oxidative stress in organisms. The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway acts an important role in preventing oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of oxidative stress caused by NP on Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in rats. Rats were treated with NP (30, 90, 270 mg/kg) for different exposure time (7, 14 and 28 days). The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in serum and glutathione S-transferase (GST), UDP-Glucuronosyl Transferase (UGT) in liver were detected by ELISA kits. Western blot was used to detect Keap1, Nrf2 protein expression in liver and cerebral cortex. The results showed that 28 days of NP exposure significantly increased ROS levels in NPH group. And 14 days exposure to NP significantly enhanced the levels of GST and UGT, while 28 days of exposure showed a suppressive effect. In liver, Keap1 levels was upregulated at 7, 14 and 28 days of NP exposure, while nuclear Nrf2 levels decreased at 7 and 28 days but increased at 14 days. In cerebral cortex, Keap1 and Nrf2 expression increased at 14 days but decreased at 28 days. Besides, with the prolongation of NP exposure time, the GST and UGT levels in NPM and NPH groups were increased firstly and then decreased, while Keap1 and Nrf2 protein levels were constantly decreased in liver and cerebral cortex. In conclusion, the lower dose and shorter exposure time of NP activated the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway that may reduce the damage of oxidative stress, but when further exposed to NP at higher dose and time, the pathway could be inhibited.

ACS Style

Qianhua Ke; Jiao Yang; Huan Liu; Zhuoquan Huang; Lingling Bu; Dengpeng Jin; Chunhong Liu. Dose- and time-effects responses of Nonylphenol on oxidative stress in rat through the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2021, 216, 112185 .

AMA Style

Qianhua Ke, Jiao Yang, Huan Liu, Zhuoquan Huang, Lingling Bu, Dengpeng Jin, Chunhong Liu. Dose- and time-effects responses of Nonylphenol on oxidative stress in rat through the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2021; 216 ():112185.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qianhua Ke; Jiao Yang; Huan Liu; Zhuoquan Huang; Lingling Bu; Dengpeng Jin; Chunhong Liu. 2021. "Dose- and time-effects responses of Nonylphenol on oxidative stress in rat through the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 216, no. : 112185.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2021 in Nutrients
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The low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) is a dietary approach characterized by the intake of high amounts of fat, a balanced amount of protein, and low carbohydrates, which is insufficient for metabolic demands. Previous studies have shown that an LCKD alone may contribute to fatty acid oxidation capacity, along with endurance. In the present study, we combined a 10-week LCKD with an 8-week forced treadmill running program to determine whether training in conjunction with LCKD enhanced fatty acid oxidation capacity, as well as whether the maximal exercise capacity would be affected by an LCKD or training in a mice model. We found that the lipid pool and fatty acid oxidation capacity were both enhanced following the 10-week LCKD. Further, key fatty acid oxidation related genes were upregulated. In contrast, the 8-week training regimen had no effect on fatty acid and ketone body oxidation. Key genes involved in carbohydrate utilization were downregulated in the LCKD groups. However, the improved fatty acid oxidation capacity did not translate into an enhanced maximal exercise capacity. In summary, while favoring the fatty acid oxidation system, an LCKD, alone or combined with training, had no beneficial effects in our intensive exercise-evaluation model. Therefore, an LCKD may be promising to improve endurance in low- to moderate-intensity exercise, and may not be an optimal choice for those partaking in high-intensity exercise.

ACS Style

Sihui Ma; Jiao Yang; Takaki Tominaga; Chunhong Liu; Katsuhiko Suzuki. A Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet and Treadmill Training Enhanced Fatty Acid Oxidation Capacity but Did Not Enhance Maximal Exercise Capacity in Mice. Nutrients 2021, 13, 611 .

AMA Style

Sihui Ma, Jiao Yang, Takaki Tominaga, Chunhong Liu, Katsuhiko Suzuki. A Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet and Treadmill Training Enhanced Fatty Acid Oxidation Capacity but Did Not Enhance Maximal Exercise Capacity in Mice. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (2):611.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sihui Ma; Jiao Yang; Takaki Tominaga; Chunhong Liu; Katsuhiko Suzuki. 2021. "A Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet and Treadmill Training Enhanced Fatty Acid Oxidation Capacity but Did Not Enhance Maximal Exercise Capacity in Mice." Nutrients 13, no. 2: 611.

Journal article
Published: 06 February 2021 in Molecules
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Environmental di(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used in various industries as a plasticizer, and has been reported to induce reproductive and developmental toxicities in organisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the detoxification capacity of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) and wolfberry juice (WJ) against DEHP-induced hepatotoxicity. Two groups of rats were purchased to study two different intervention method experiments: LBP (50, 100, 200 mg/kg·bw) intervention before DEHP (2000 mg/kg·bw) exposure, and LBP (200 mg/kg·bw) or WJ (8 mL/kg·bw) intervention after DEHP (3000 mg/kg·bw) exposure. The rats were exposed to DEHP once, while the intervention lasted for seven days. At the end of the intervention, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the related index. The LBP intervention before DEHP exposure experiment (the first experimental method) found that LBP group rats showed a strong capacity toward DEHP detoxification, evidenced by the significant upregulation of activities and concentrations of the partner retinoid, X receptor alpha (RXRα), and downstream regulators Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), Cytochrome P4503A1 (CYP3A1), Glutathione S-Transferase Pi (GSTpi), and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 (UGT1) in a dose-dependent manner. The LBP and WJ intervention after DEHP exposure experiment (the second intervention experiment) found that WJ could downregulate pregnane X receptor (PXR), and upregulate downstream regulators, CYP2E1, CYP3A1, and Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) with the extension of intervention time, to alleviate the toxicity of DEHP. However, the intervention effect of WJ was more obvious than that of LBP. These results suggested that LBP and WJ might be effective detoxification agents against DEHP-induced toxic effects, by activating PXR and PXR-related detoxifying enzymes.

ACS Style

Huan Liu; Xiong Zhou; Shaowen Huang; Jie Yang; Ruijing Liu; Chunhong Liu. Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides and Wolfberry Juice Prevent DEHP-Induced Hepatotoxicity via PXR-Regulated Detoxification Pathway. Molecules 2021, 26, 859 .

AMA Style

Huan Liu, Xiong Zhou, Shaowen Huang, Jie Yang, Ruijing Liu, Chunhong Liu. Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides and Wolfberry Juice Prevent DEHP-Induced Hepatotoxicity via PXR-Regulated Detoxification Pathway. Molecules. 2021; 26 (4):859.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huan Liu; Xiong Zhou; Shaowen Huang; Jie Yang; Ruijing Liu; Chunhong Liu. 2021. "Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides and Wolfberry Juice Prevent DEHP-Induced Hepatotoxicity via PXR-Regulated Detoxification Pathway." Molecules 26, no. 4: 859.

Research article
Published: 15 January 2021 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) is the most commonly used plasticizer and it has been a ubiquitous environmental contaminant which affects health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of the Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) at dosages of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg bw on DEHP-induced (3000 mg/kg) toxicity in rat liver through a 28-day animal experiment. The results showed that LBP attenuated oxidative stress slightly by lowering the production of ROS and improving the activity of SOD and GSH-Px in liver and serum of DEHP treatment rats. At the same time, the levels of PXR, CYP450, CYP2E1, CYP3A1, UGT1, and GST were reduced after LBP treatment. Moreover, LBP decreased the mRNA expression of PXR, UGT1, and GST significantly. These findings suggested that LBP might ameliorate DEHP-induced liver injury by down-regulating the expression of PXR in liver, further down-regulating the downstream phase I and II detoxification enzymes, thus reducing the damage caused by DEHP. Therefore, LBP may have the potential to become an auxiliary therapeutic agent as a natural ingredient of health food.

ACS Style

Rui-Jing Liu; Yong-Jian He; Huan Liu; Dong-Dong Zheng; Shao-Wen Huang; Chun-Hong Liu. Protective effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced toxicity in rat liver. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 28, 23501 -23509.

AMA Style

Rui-Jing Liu, Yong-Jian He, Huan Liu, Dong-Dong Zheng, Shao-Wen Huang, Chun-Hong Liu. Protective effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced toxicity in rat liver. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; 28 (18):23501-23509.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rui-Jing Liu; Yong-Jian He; Huan Liu; Dong-Dong Zheng; Shao-Wen Huang; Chun-Hong Liu. 2021. "Protective effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced toxicity in rat liver." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 18: 23501-23509.

Journal article
Published: 03 January 2020 in Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology
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Environmental endocrine disruptors 4-nonylphenol (NP) and 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) may cast huge harm to human health. We used a rat model to observe the influence of NP or/and OP exposure on anxiety-related behaviors and the underlying mechanisms. Eighty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 10 groups: control group (corn oil), NP groups [30, 90, 270 mg/kg], OP groups [40, 120, 360 mg/kg] and NO groups [(mixed with the corresponding NP, OP alone exposed low, medium and high dose according to the natural environment exists NP:OP = 4:1]. The rats were orally administered every other day for 30 days. The neurobehaviors of rats were evaluated by open-field test (OFT) and elevated plus-maze test (EPM), and the concentrations of 5-HT, monoamine oxidase (MAOA), serotonin transporter (SERT), vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VAMT2), 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A), 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A (5-HT2A),and 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C (5-HT2C) in the rat prefrontal cortex were analyzed by ELISA. OFT and EPM tests showed that NP or/and OP exposure induced anxiety-related behaviors in rats. 5-HT levels were significantly increased compared with the control group. The levels of MAOA, SERT, VAMT2, 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C in the prefrontal cortex reduced in different degrees by high-doses NP or/and OP exposure. In summary, NP or/and OP exposure might cause anxiety-related behaviors in rats through regulating neurotransmitter 5-HT levels by altering the expression of 5-HT decomposition enzyme MAOA, transporters SERT and VMAT2, and 5-HT receptors 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C.

ACS Style

Jiao Yang; Qingyi Huang; Huan Liu; Xiong Zhou; Zhuoquan Huang; Quansheng Peng; Chunhong Liu. 4-Nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol induce anxiety-related behaviors through alternation of 5-HT receptors and transporters in the prefrontal cortex. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology 2020, 230, 108701 .

AMA Style

Jiao Yang, Qingyi Huang, Huan Liu, Xiong Zhou, Zhuoquan Huang, Quansheng Peng, Chunhong Liu. 4-Nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol induce anxiety-related behaviors through alternation of 5-HT receptors and transporters in the prefrontal cortex. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology. 2020; 230 ():108701.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiao Yang; Qingyi Huang; Huan Liu; Xiong Zhou; Zhuoquan Huang; Quansheng Peng; Chunhong Liu. 2020. "4-Nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol induce anxiety-related behaviors through alternation of 5-HT receptors and transporters in the prefrontal cortex." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology 230, no. : 108701.

Journal article
Published: 26 December 2019 in Antioxidants
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Postpubescent females may have negative mood or premenstrual syndrome during the menstrual cycle; with the emotional and physical symptoms interfering with their quality of life. Little is known about the relationship of dietary behaviors and dietary antioxidant intake with negative mood or premenstrual syndrome in university students in China; so we explored the relationship between negative mood and dietary behavior in female university students during the three menstrual cycle phases. Random sampling was used to enroll 88 individuals from a university in Guangzhou; China in the study. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. During the menstrual phase, tea, black coffee and carbonated beverage intake was higher in the group with a high negative affect scale score than in the low score group (p < 0.05). Likewise; during the premenstrual phase, fresh fruit (banana and red Chinese dates) intake was higher in the group with a high negative affect scale score than in the low-score group (p < 0.05). The logistic regression analysis results showed that negative mood was positively associated with tea, coffee, and carbonated beverage intake during the menstrual phase (β = 0.21, p = 0.0453, odds ratio = 1.23), and negative mood was positively associated with banana and red Chinese dates intake during the premenstrual phase (β = 0.59, p = 0.0172, odds ratio = 1.81). Our results suggest that negative mood may be associated with diet and specific food in university postpubescent females.

ACS Style

Lingling Bu; Yuting Lai; Yinyang Deng; Chenlu Xiong; Fengying Li; Li Li; Katsuhiko Suzuki; Sihui Ma; Chunhong Liu. Negative Mood Is Associated with Diet and Dietary Antioxidants in University Students During the Menstrual Cycle: A Cross-Sectional Study from Guangzhou, China. Antioxidants 2019, 9, 23 .

AMA Style

Lingling Bu, Yuting Lai, Yinyang Deng, Chenlu Xiong, Fengying Li, Li Li, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Sihui Ma, Chunhong Liu. Negative Mood Is Associated with Diet and Dietary Antioxidants in University Students During the Menstrual Cycle: A Cross-Sectional Study from Guangzhou, China. Antioxidants. 2019; 9 (1):23.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lingling Bu; Yuting Lai; Yinyang Deng; Chenlu Xiong; Fengying Li; Li Li; Katsuhiko Suzuki; Sihui Ma; Chunhong Liu. 2019. "Negative Mood Is Associated with Diet and Dietary Antioxidants in University Students During the Menstrual Cycle: A Cross-Sectional Study from Guangzhou, China." Antioxidants 9, no. 1: 23.

Review
Published: 05 September 2019 in Antioxidants
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Studies have shown that diet and nutrition play significant roles in the prevention of depression and its clinical treatment. The present review aims to provide a clear understanding of the associations between diet patterns, specific foods, nutrients such as antioxidants, and depression. As a result, balanced dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet and certain foods such as fish, fresh vegetables, and fruits have been associated with a lower risk of depression or depressive symptoms, while high-fat Western diets and sugar-sweetened beverages have been associated with higher risk of depression or depressive symptoms. Dietary antioxidants such as green tea polyphenols or isoflavonoid intake have been negatively associated with depression or depressive symptoms. It is concluded that diet patterns, specific foods, and antioxidants play important roles in the prevention and clinical treatment of depression.

ACS Style

Qingyi Huang; Huan Liu; Katsuhiko Suzuki; Sihui Ma; Chunhong Liu. Linking What We Eat to Our Mood: A Review of Diet, Dietary Antioxidants, and Depression. Antioxidants 2019, 8, 376 .

AMA Style

Qingyi Huang, Huan Liu, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Sihui Ma, Chunhong Liu. Linking What We Eat to Our Mood: A Review of Diet, Dietary Antioxidants, and Depression. Antioxidants. 2019; 8 (9):376.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qingyi Huang; Huan Liu; Katsuhiko Suzuki; Sihui Ma; Chunhong Liu. 2019. "Linking What We Eat to Our Mood: A Review of Diet, Dietary Antioxidants, and Depression." Antioxidants 8, no. 9: 376.

Journal article
Published: 24 June 2019 in Chemosphere
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Nonylphenol (NP) is one widely distributed representative of environmental estrogens that disturb reproductive activities, bone metabolism and brain function through interfering diverse signal pathways leading to hormone metabolic dysfunctions, immunologic derangement, and tumorigenesis. Few of previous studies have observed the subacute toxicity on rodents, and little has been focused on the mechanism underneath the toxicities observed. The 32 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups, the negative control group (corn oil) NP low, medium and high dose groups [30, 90, 270 mg/(kg·d)]. SD rats administrated with different dosage of NP every other day for 28d. Elisa and RT-PCR was employed to observe estrogen metabolism markers or mRNA expressions. In serum, NP exposure caused testosterone (T) (p < 0.001), progesterone (PROG) (p < 0.05) and estrone (E1) (p < 0.05) increased. In testicle, NP exposure caused T (p < 0.001), PROG (p < 0.05), E1 (p < 0.05), 17β-estradiol (E2) (p < 0.05) and ERα mRNA (p < 0.01) increased, while P450 aromatizing enzyme (p < 0.001) decreased in NPL and ERβ mRNA (p < 0.001) decreased in NPM and NPH. In liver, NP exposure caused 17β-HSD2 mRNA (p < 0.01) increased, while P450 aromatizing enzyme decreased (p < 0.05). NP exposure exhibited general and estrogenic toxicity in rats through disturbing estrogen secretion network and estrogen receptor expression network, inducing abnormal metabolism of estrogen, whether in serum, liver and testicle.

ACS Style

Qingyi Huang; Lingling Bu; Tongwang Yang; Yichao Yang; Shaowen Huang; Jie Yang; Youting Guo; Chunhong Liu. Effects of nonylphenol administration on serum, liver and testis estrogen metabolism. Chemosphere 2019, 235, 543 -549.

AMA Style

Qingyi Huang, Lingling Bu, Tongwang Yang, Yichao Yang, Shaowen Huang, Jie Yang, Youting Guo, Chunhong Liu. Effects of nonylphenol administration on serum, liver and testis estrogen metabolism. Chemosphere. 2019; 235 ():543-549.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qingyi Huang; Lingling Bu; Tongwang Yang; Yichao Yang; Shaowen Huang; Jie Yang; Youting Guo; Chunhong Liu. 2019. "Effects of nonylphenol administration on serum, liver and testis estrogen metabolism." Chemosphere 235, no. : 543-549.

Journal article
Published: 08 February 2019 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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This study evaluated toxic effects of nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) on central 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system and related learning and memory in the rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to NP (30, 90, or 270 mg/kg), OP (40, 120, or 360 mg/kg), or a mixture of NP and OP [(mixed with the corresponding NP, OP alone exposed low, medium and high dose according to the natural environment exists NP:OP = 4:1; NOL (24 mg/kg NP+8 mg/kg OP), NOM (72 mg/kg NP+24 mg/kg OP), NOH (216 mg/kg NP+72 mg/kg OP)] by gavage every other day for 30 d. Learning and memory were assessed using a passive-avoidance test. Levels of estrogen receptor β (ERβ), 5-HT, tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2), monoamine oxidase (MAOA) enzyme, serotonin transporter (SERT), the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), 5-hydroxytryptamine 1 A (5-HT1A), 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 A (5-HT3A), 5-hydroxytryptamine 3B (5-HT3B), 5-hydroxytryptamine 4 A (5-HT4A) and 5-hydroxytryptamine 6 A (5-HT6A) were measured using ELISA kits. Levels of ERβ, MAOA, SERT, VMAT2, 5-HT1A, 5-HT3A, 5-HT3B, 5-HT4A and 5-HT6A in rat hippocampal reduced by a high dose of NP and/or OP. Levels of TPH2 in rat midbrain and 5-HT in rat hippocampal increased by a high dose of NP and/or OP. In addition, latency was significantly shorter and errors were significantly greater in the high dose NP and NP+OP (NO) groups. Taken together, these results suggest that NP and/or OP may affect learning and memory in rats by inhibiting levels of ERβ, which could then lead to decreases in levels of 5-HT1A, 5-HT3A, 5-HT3B, 5-HT4A, and 5-HT6A in the rat hippocampus. These findings suggested that separate and combined exposure to NP and OP could produce toxic effects on central 5-HT system and related learning and memory in the rats.

ACS Style

Huan Liu; Qingyi Huang; Hanzhi Sun; Jieming Li; Qianwen Lin; Haoming Wu; Chunhong Liu. Effects of separate or combined exposure of nonylphenol and octylphenol on central 5-HT system and related learning and memory in the rats. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2019, 172, 523 -529.

AMA Style

Huan Liu, Qingyi Huang, Hanzhi Sun, Jieming Li, Qianwen Lin, Haoming Wu, Chunhong Liu. Effects of separate or combined exposure of nonylphenol and octylphenol on central 5-HT system and related learning and memory in the rats. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2019; 172 ():523-529.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huan Liu; Qingyi Huang; Hanzhi Sun; Jieming Li; Qianwen Lin; Haoming Wu; Chunhong Liu. 2019. "Effects of separate or combined exposure of nonylphenol and octylphenol on central 5-HT system and related learning and memory in the rats." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 172, no. : 523-529.

Journal article
Published: 05 December 2018 in Psychiatry Research
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanism of repeated oral administration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on anxiety-like behaviors induced by emotional stress. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups (8 rats each): control, emotional stress model, three emotional stress + GABA-treated groups (0.5, 1, 2 mg/kg). The rats were given empty water bottles after the training of drinking water to induce emotional stress. Each group were treated with saline or different doses of GABA respectively for 21 consecutive days. Then open field and elevated plus maze were used to assess anxiety-like behaviors. Both frontal cortex and plasma NO metabolites nitrate and nitrite (NOx) levels were determined spectrophotometrically. Results showed that oral administration of GABA significantly reversed the stress-induced anxiety-like negative responses dose-dependently. The frontal cortex NOx levels were lower in stressed rats than in control group (P<0.05), but higher in 2mg/kg GABA-treated group than stress model group (P<0.05). On the other hand, NOx levels in plasma showed a gradual decline trend. Collectively, these results suggest that short repeated oral administration of GABA has an anxiolytic-like effect possibly via preventing NO reduction caused by stress and improving availability of NO in the frontal cortex.

ACS Style

Yongjian He; Junyan Ouyang; Zhuoyan Hu; Jie Yang; Yue Chu; Shaowen Huang; Yichao Yang; Chunhong Liu. Intervention mechanism of repeated oral GABA administration on anxiety-like behaviors induced by emotional stress in rats. Psychiatry Research 2018, 271, 649 -657.

AMA Style

Yongjian He, Junyan Ouyang, Zhuoyan Hu, Jie Yang, Yue Chu, Shaowen Huang, Yichao Yang, Chunhong Liu. Intervention mechanism of repeated oral GABA administration on anxiety-like behaviors induced by emotional stress in rats. Psychiatry Research. 2018; 271 ():649-657.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yongjian He; Junyan Ouyang; Zhuoyan Hu; Jie Yang; Yue Chu; Shaowen Huang; Yichao Yang; Chunhong Liu. 2018. "Intervention mechanism of repeated oral GABA administration on anxiety-like behaviors induced by emotional stress in rats." Psychiatry Research 271, no. : 649-657.

Journal article
Published: 07 November 2018 in Nutrients
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Adjusting dietary fat intake is reported to affect mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation (FAO), and thus may enhance exercise capacity. However, a high-fat diet where carbohydrate intake is not limited enough also makes it difficult for athletes to maintain weight, and may fail to force the body to utilize fat. As such, a low-carbohydrate, high-fat, ketogenic diet (KD) may be viable. We have previously reported that an eight-week KD enhances exercise capacity, and suggested the mechanism to be enhanced lipolysis and ketolysis. In the present study, we investigated how an eight-week KD alters mRNA expression during fatty acid mobilization, FAO and ketolysis. We found that an eight-week KD may remodel the lipid metabolism profile, thus contributing to influence exercise capacity. We also found that ketolysis, lipolysis and FAO adaptations may contribute to enhanced exhaustive exercise performance. Along with enhanced FAO capacity during exhaustive exercise, a KD may also alter IL-6 synthesis and secretion profile, thus contribute to fatty acid mobilization, ketolysis, lipolysis and preventing muscle damage. Both the lipid metabolism response and IL-6 secretion appeared to be muscle fiber specific. Taken together, the previous and present results reveal that an eight-week KD may enhance exercise performance by up-regulating ketolysis and FAO ability. Therefore, a KD may have the potential to prevent muscle damage by altering IL-6 secretion profile, indicating that a KD may be a promising dietary approach in endurance athletes, sports, and for injury prevention.

ACS Style

Sihui Ma; Qingyi Huang; Takaki Tominaga; Chunhong Liu; Katsuhiko Suzuki. An 8-Week Ketogenic Diet Alternated Interleukin-6, Ketolytic and Lipolytic Gene Expression, and Enhanced Exercise Capacity in Mice. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1696 .

AMA Style

Sihui Ma, Qingyi Huang, Takaki Tominaga, Chunhong Liu, Katsuhiko Suzuki. An 8-Week Ketogenic Diet Alternated Interleukin-6, Ketolytic and Lipolytic Gene Expression, and Enhanced Exercise Capacity in Mice. Nutrients. 2018; 10 (11):1696.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sihui Ma; Qingyi Huang; Takaki Tominaga; Chunhong Liu; Katsuhiko Suzuki. 2018. "An 8-Week Ketogenic Diet Alternated Interleukin-6, Ketolytic and Lipolytic Gene Expression, and Enhanced Exercise Capacity in Mice." Nutrients 10, no. 11: 1696.

Journal article
Published: 16 October 2018 in General and Comparative Endocrinology
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Nonylphenol (NP) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) that can lead to thyroid disruption. We explored NP-induced toxicity in the rat thyroid and evaluated the mitigating effects of mulberry crude extract (MCE) on NP toxicity. First, we aimed to evaluate NP-induced thyroid disruption by dosing Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats with NP (0, 30, 90, or 270 mg/kg body weight) daily for 28 days. Second, we aimed to determine whether MCE had a detoxifying effect on NP-induced thyroid disruption by dosing SD rats with NP (270 mg/kg body weight) or/and MCE (30, 60, or 120 mg/kg body weight) daily for 28 days. We found that NP significantly inhibited free triiodothyronin (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) activity in rat serum (P < 0.05), but MCE intervention significantly increased FT3 and FT4 serum levels (P < 0.05). It is possible that changes in hormonal composition might trigger the TRH-TSH-TH automatic feedback loop. The activity of the three iodothyronine deiodinases increased significantly after NP-dosing (P < 0.05), but only deiodinase3 (D3) was downregulated after MCE treatment (P < 0.05). Therefore, MCE might be an effective NP-detoxification agent against thyroid disruption because it regulates D3 activity.

ACS Style

Yongjian He; Jie Yang; Shaowen Huang; Ruijing Liu; Huan Liu; Dongdong Zheng; Qingyi Huang; Yichao Yang; Chunhong Liu. Protective effect of mulberry crude extract against nonylphenol-induced thyroid disruption by inhibiting the activity of deiodinase in rats. General and Comparative Endocrinology 2018, 270, 90 -95.

AMA Style

Yongjian He, Jie Yang, Shaowen Huang, Ruijing Liu, Huan Liu, Dongdong Zheng, Qingyi Huang, Yichao Yang, Chunhong Liu. Protective effect of mulberry crude extract against nonylphenol-induced thyroid disruption by inhibiting the activity of deiodinase in rats. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 2018; 270 ():90-95.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yongjian He; Jie Yang; Shaowen Huang; Ruijing Liu; Huan Liu; Dongdong Zheng; Qingyi Huang; Yichao Yang; Chunhong Liu. 2018. "Protective effect of mulberry crude extract against nonylphenol-induced thyroid disruption by inhibiting the activity of deiodinase in rats." General and Comparative Endocrinology 270, no. : 90-95.

Journal article
Published: 20 September 2018 in Nutrients
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A low-carbohydrate, high-fat ketogenic diet (KD) is a nutritional approach ensuring that the body utilizes lipids. In our previous study, we found that an eight-week ketogenic high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet increased the capacity of endurance exercise in mice without aggravated muscle injury, despite the decrease of absolute muscle volume. The potential mechanism is most possibly to be enhanced capacity to mobilize and utilize fat. In the present study, we investigated whether a ketogenic diet influences post-exercise recovery by measuring blood biomarkers, muscle and liver oxidative state as well as fatigue recovery 24 h post exercise by employing an open-field locomotion test. Several biochemistry markers indicating exercise-induced injury after exhaustive exercise were improved by KD, followed by a 24-h rest with free feed access, including lactate. No aggravated hepatic oxidative damage was observed, whereas muscular oxidative stress was increased by KD. Accelerated recovery induced by exhaustive exercise was also observed from blood biomarkers of injury. For fatigue recovery, lactate concentration, a marker often employed as exhaustion index was lowered by KD, whereas an open field test showed that KD application contributed to increased locomotion after exhaustive exercise, followed by a 24-h rest. These results suggest that KD has the potential to be used as a fatigue-preventing and/or recovery-promoting diet approach in endurance athletes.

ACS Style

Qingyi Huang; Sihui Ma; Takaki Tominaga; Katsuhiko Suzuki; Chunhong Liu. An 8-Week, Low Carbohydrate, High Fat, Ketogenic Diet Enhanced Exhaustive Exercise Capacity in Mice Part 2: Effect on Fatigue Recovery, Post-Exercise Biomarkers and Anti-Oxidation Capacity. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1339 .

AMA Style

Qingyi Huang, Sihui Ma, Takaki Tominaga, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Chunhong Liu. An 8-Week, Low Carbohydrate, High Fat, Ketogenic Diet Enhanced Exhaustive Exercise Capacity in Mice Part 2: Effect on Fatigue Recovery, Post-Exercise Biomarkers and Anti-Oxidation Capacity. Nutrients. 2018; 10 (10):1339.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qingyi Huang; Sihui Ma; Takaki Tominaga; Katsuhiko Suzuki; Chunhong Liu. 2018. "An 8-Week, Low Carbohydrate, High Fat, Ketogenic Diet Enhanced Exhaustive Exercise Capacity in Mice Part 2: Effect on Fatigue Recovery, Post-Exercise Biomarkers and Anti-Oxidation Capacity." Nutrients 10, no. 10: 1339.

Journal article
Published: 25 May 2018 in Nutrients
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Current fueling tactics for endurance exercise encourage athletes to ingest a high carbohydrate diet. However, athletes are not generally encouraged to use fat, the largest energy reserve in the human body. A low carbohydrate, high fat ketogenic diet (KD) is a nutritional approach ensuring that the body utilizes lipids. Although KD has been associated with weight-loss, enhanced fat utilization in muscle and other beneficial effects, there is currently no clear proof whether it could lead to performance advantage. To evaluate the effects of KD on endurance exercise capacity, we studied the performance of mice subjected to a running model after consuming KD for eight weeks. Weight dropped dramatically in KD-feeding mice, even though they ate more calories. KD-feeding mice showed enhanced running time without aggravated muscle injury. Blood biochemistry and correlation analysis indicated the potential mechanism is likely to be a keto-adaptation enhanced capacity to transport and metabolize fat. KD also showed a potential preventive effect on organ injury caused by acute exercise, although KD failed to exert protection from muscle injury. Ultimately, KD may contribute to prolonged exercise capacity.

ACS Style

Sihui Ma; Qingyi Huang; Koichi Yada; Chunhong Liu; Katsuhiko Suzuki. An 8-Week Ketogenic Low Carbohydrate, High Fat Diet Enhanced Exhaustive Exercise Capacity in Mice. Nutrients 2018, 10, 673 .

AMA Style

Sihui Ma, Qingyi Huang, Koichi Yada, Chunhong Liu, Katsuhiko Suzuki. An 8-Week Ketogenic Low Carbohydrate, High Fat Diet Enhanced Exhaustive Exercise Capacity in Mice. Nutrients. 2018; 10 (6):673.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sihui Ma; Qingyi Huang; Koichi Yada; Chunhong Liu; Katsuhiko Suzuki. 2018. "An 8-Week Ketogenic Low Carbohydrate, High Fat Diet Enhanced Exhaustive Exercise Capacity in Mice." Nutrients 10, no. 6: 673.

Articles
Published: 20 March 2018 in International Journal of Neuroscience
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Background: Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most widely used phthalate esters. The application of DEHP has caused serious environmental pollution and posed a threat to human health. Methods: A total of 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, DEHP group (500 mg/kg DEHP), low GABA (Gama-aminobutyric acid) group (500 mg/kg DEHP and 1 mg/kg GABA), medium GABA group (500 mg/kg DEHP and 2 mg/kg GABA) and high GABA group (500 mg/kg DEHP and 4 mg/kg GABA). The interventions continued for 30 consecutive days. Open-field test and elevated plus-maze test were used to detect behavioral changes of rats before and after interventions. Results: The levels of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase in prefrontal cortex of rats were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. DEHP and GABA treatment had no significant effects on the body weight of rats. GABA restored food utilization rate of rats impaired by DEHP to the level of healthy rats. According to open-field test and elevated plus-maze test, GABA alleviated the effects of DEHP on rat behaviors. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that GABA was effective in reducing the levels of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase in rats treated with DEHP. Conclusion: DEHP exposure induced anxiety in rats, which may be achieved through elevating nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase levels in prefrontal cortex of rats. However, the effects caused by DEHP could be alleviated by GABA.

ACS Style

Huan Liu; Youting Guo; Tongwang Yang; Zhicheng Fan; Minhao Huang; Shuqin Liang; Chunhong Liu. Intervention effect of gamma aminobutyric acid on anxiety behavior induced by phthalate (2-ethylhexyl ester) in rats. International Journal of Neuroscience 2018, 128, 928 -934.

AMA Style

Huan Liu, Youting Guo, Tongwang Yang, Zhicheng Fan, Minhao Huang, Shuqin Liang, Chunhong Liu. Intervention effect of gamma aminobutyric acid on anxiety behavior induced by phthalate (2-ethylhexyl ester) in rats. International Journal of Neuroscience. 2018; 128 (10):928-934.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huan Liu; Youting Guo; Tongwang Yang; Zhicheng Fan; Minhao Huang; Shuqin Liang; Chunhong Liu. 2018. "Intervention effect of gamma aminobutyric acid on anxiety behavior induced by phthalate (2-ethylhexyl ester) in rats." International Journal of Neuroscience 128, no. 10: 928-934.

Research article
Published: 03 February 2017 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) are priority environmental contaminants that have a potential role as endocrine disruptors. They can be biomagnified in the food chain and pose an estrogenic health risk to human health. A 28-day oral toxicity study was performed to observe the impact of single and combined exposure to NP and OP on 5-HT transporter (SERT) as well as 5-HT2A receptor. Results showed that the 5-HT levels in rat plasma increased with exposure to middle-dose and high-dose NP, to high-dose OP, and to low, middle, and high doses of combined NP and OP (P < 0.05), while the 5-HT levels in rat platelets increased when exposed to NP/OP or combined NP and OP of middle or high dose (P < 0.05). The expression levels of SERT in rat platelets decreased when exposed to high-dose NP/OP or high dose of combined NP and OP (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the expression levels of 5-HT2A in rat platelets decreased when exposed to high-dose NP/OP as well as combined NP and OP (P < 0.05). These findings suggested that exposure to NP and OP could influence the metabolic network of 5-hydroxytryptamine via transportation and receptor binding pathways.

ACS Style

Chunhong Liu; Yuting Lai; Junyan Ouyang; Tongwang Yang; Youting Guo; Jie Yang; Shaowen Huang. Influence of nonylphenol and octylphenol exposure on 5-HT, 5-HT transporter, and 5-HT2A receptor. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2017, 24, 8279 -8286.

AMA Style

Chunhong Liu, Yuting Lai, Junyan Ouyang, Tongwang Yang, Youting Guo, Jie Yang, Shaowen Huang. Influence of nonylphenol and octylphenol exposure on 5-HT, 5-HT transporter, and 5-HT2A receptor. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2017; 24 (9):8279-8286.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chunhong Liu; Yuting Lai; Junyan Ouyang; Tongwang Yang; Youting Guo; Jie Yang; Shaowen Huang. 2017. "Influence of nonylphenol and octylphenol exposure on 5-HT, 5-HT transporter, and 5-HT2A receptor." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 24, no. 9: 8279-8286.

Journal article
Published: 28 February 2012 in Nutrition & Dietetics
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Aim: All foods in Traditional Chinese Medicine are categorised into ‘the four natures’: cold, cool, warm and hot. The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between the nutrient content of these foods and their cold‐hot nature category. Methods: For the purposes of this study, 284 foods were selected and grouped by their cold‐hot nature category. Twenty‐six nutrient content values for each food were derived from the China Food Composition database 2002. Results: Ten nutrients were found to be associated with the cold‐hot nature category of foods. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, five nutrients correlated with the cold‐hot natures of foods. Large amounts of fat, carbohydrate and selenium were significantly associated with the hot nature of foods (P < 0.01) while the amount of iron and copper were significantly associated with the cold nature of foods (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that the nutrient contents of foods may be one of distinguishing factors for the categorisation of cold‐hot nature of foods.

ACS Style

Chunhong Liu; Yuanming Sun; Yu Li; Weixian Yang; Mingming Zhang; Chenlu Xiong; Yichao Yang. The relationship between cold-hot nature and nutrient contents of foods. Nutrition & Dietetics 2012, 69, 64 -68.

AMA Style

Chunhong Liu, Yuanming Sun, Yu Li, Weixian Yang, Mingming Zhang, Chenlu Xiong, Yichao Yang. The relationship between cold-hot nature and nutrient contents of foods. Nutrition & Dietetics. 2012; 69 (1):64-68.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chunhong Liu; Yuanming Sun; Yu Li; Weixian Yang; Mingming Zhang; Chenlu Xiong; Yichao Yang. 2012. "The relationship between cold-hot nature and nutrient contents of foods." Nutrition & Dietetics 69, no. 1: 64-68.