Environmental stresses are the main constraints on agricultural productivity and food security worldwide. This issue is worsened by abrupt and severe changes in global climate. The formation of sugarcane yield and the accumulation of sucrose are significantly influenced by biotic and abiotic stresses. Understanding the biochemical, physiological, and environmental phenomena associated with these stresses is essential to increase crop production. This review explores the effect of environmental factors on sucrose content and sugarcane yield and highlights the negative effects of insufficient water supply, temperature fluctuations, insect pests, and diseases. This article also explains the mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the role of different metabolites under environmental stresses, and highlights the function of environmental stress-related resistance genes in sugarcane. This review further discusses sugarcane crop improvement approaches, with a focus on endophytic mechanism and consortium endophyte application in sugarcane plants. Endophytes are vital in plant defense; they produce bioactive molecules that act as biocontrol agents to enhance plant immune systems and modify environmental responses through interaction with plants. This review provides an overview of internal mechanisms to enhance sugarcane plant growth and environmental resistance and offers new ideas for improving sugarcane plant fitness and crop productivity.

To replace explosive nitrate-based chemicals in MS medium, this study developed a new, safer, and more cost-effective method using fertilizer-grade calcium ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate. This approach replaces ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate, ensuring both safety and cost efficiency for sugarcane propagation. Six local sugarcane varieties—Zhongtang1 (ZT1), Zhongtang3 (ZT3), Zhongtang6 (ZT6), Guitang42 (GT42), Guitang44 (GT44), and Guiliu 07150 (GT07150)—were used. In the control group (Ck), nitrate ions (NO₃⁻) were 39.28 mM, and ammonium ions (NH₄⁺) were 20.49 mM, with a 2:1 ratio. In the treatment groups, the concentrations of nitrate ions (NO₃⁻) and ammonium ions (NH₄⁺) included treatment 1 (19.69 mM NO₃⁻ and 10.3 mM NH₄⁺), treatment 2 (29.54 mM and 15.44 mM), treatment 3 (39.38 mM and 20.59 mM), treatment 4 (49.225 mM and 25.74 mM), treatment 5 (59.07 mM and 30.89 mM), and treatment 6 (68.915 mM and 36.03 mM), respectively, all with the same 2:1 ratio. Fifty bottles per treatment, with three replicates, were used for each sugarcane plantlets treatment. After five subcultures, the optimal ratio was determined by assessing morphological and physiological parameters, nitrogen levels, and SOD enzyme activity. The results indicated that treatment 3 (39.38 mM and 20.59 mM) and treatment 4 (49.225 mM and 25.74 mM) had the best morphological and physiological indicators. The optimal doses of calcium ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate were found in treatments 3 and 4, as well as in the control, with no significant difference among them. However, treatment 3, due to its lower dose, was more cost effective. To improve cost efficiency in practical production, it is recommended to use the lower concentration ratio of treatment 3 for plant tissue culture plantlets.

Corrigendum on: Mehdi F, Cao Z, Zhang S, Gan Y, Cai W, Peng L, Wu Y, Wang W and Yang B (2024) Factors affecting the production of sugarcane yield and sucrose accumulation: suggested potential biological solutions. Front. Plant Sci. 15:1374228. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1374228In the published article, there was an error. [Chilled temperatures (below 8°C) decrease photosynthesis and leaf growth, ultimately reducing yield (Ram et al., 2007).].A correction has been made to [Abiotic stresses affect sugarcane], [Heat stress], [1]. This sentence previously stated: "[Chilled temperatures (below 8°C) decrease photosynthesis and leaf growth, ultimately reducing yield (Ram et al., 2007).]"The corrected sentence appears below: "[Chilled temperatures reduce photosynthesis and leaf growth, leading to lower sugarcane yields. Additionally, an 8° slope on cane farms can further affect yield (Ram et al., 2007).]"The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.