The presence of an oval-shaped lesion in the liver is mainly associated with either primary liver cancer or metastatic disease from another malignancy. However, we present the case of a 62-year-old patient diagnosed with plasma cell myeloma, which reveals that these kinds of lesions can also be found during the course of this disease. Rarity and non-specificity make this a very challenging diagnosis for radiologists. It involves a special alert from the doctors taking care of the patient. Biopsy may sometimes be necessary to make a correct diagnosis. It is significant to ensure that the correct treatment is implemented and that the patient is not exposed to the unnecessary diagnosis of another neoplastic disease.

Sirtuins, a family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases, regulate cellular homeostasis and adaptive responses to environmental changes. Comprising seven isoforms (SIRT1–SIRT7), these enzymes have diverse functions, including gene expression regulation, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress response, and cellular aging. Dysregulated sirtuin activity is implicated in metabolic, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s. Sirtuins modulate metabolic pathways by influencing glucose and lipid metabolism, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. Their role in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress positions them as potential therapeutic targets for chronic conditions and age-related disorders. Compounds like resveratrol and lifestyle factors such as physical activity are potent sirtuin activators, highlighting their therapeutic potential. Physical activity, a cornerstone of non-pharmacological health interventions, increases NAD+ availability, upregulating sirtuin activity. This effect underscores exercise as a modulator of sirtuin pathways, with protective effects against chronic diseases. Studies show that regular physical activity can enhance sirtuin function, improving metabolic health, reducing oxidative damage, and providing neuroprotection. This review offers an overview of sirtuin biology, their role in disease pathogenesis, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise on sirtuin activity.

Objectives: This review synthesizes current evidence regarding the impact of IDNA on athletic performance. It also covers physiological mechanisms, diagnostic strategies, as well as potential nutritional and training implications. Methods: The literature search was conducted in the PubMed database. The search terms were related to iron deficiency, iron status, non-anemic states, athletes, performance, and endurance. Athletes with low iron stores and normal hemoglobin concentrations were the subject of this study, which included original research and reviews. Studies consisting of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) or non-athletic populations were excluded from the paper. A narrative synthesis was performed. Key Findings: IDNA is a common condition among athletic populations, which can be associated with reduced aerobic capacity. Affected athletes have a decreased probability of achieving high VO₂-based performance thresholds. Therefore, athletes should be seasonally screened for IDNA using ferritin with CRP. Diagnostic accuracy can be improved by selective use of transferrin saturation and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR). Iron supplementation efficacy depends on the severity of iron deficiency. Performance benefits are most consistent in individuals with ferritin levels below 20 µg/L. Conclusions: Endurance performance and training efficiency are especially at risk of being negatively affected by IDNA. The research shows that athletes at a higher risk of IDNA should be advised to conduct regular screening. Moreover, there is a lack of analysis focused on ferritin cut-offs and intervention protocols that would benefit athletic populations.

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed inflammatory dermatoses. In recent years, the approach to the pathogenesis of SD has been expanded beyond the model describing the proliferation of fungi of the genus Malassezia as the main initiating factor. More recent studies have indicated that one of the key mechanisms is the loss of diversity of the skin microbiota, which enables the dominance of microorganisms promoting the exacerbation of disease lesions. Current reports emphasize the impact of disturbances in the composition of the skin microbiota, impairment of the epidermal barrier, and the host immune response as a complex pathomechanism. In parallel, the literature provides numerous lines of evidence indicating that environmental factors, such as pollution and lifestyle, may actively affect the skin microbiome, promoting its dysbiosis. Consequently, the environment may be considered as one of the factors actively modulating the disease and an important element in the context of personalized therapy aimed at maintaining microbiological balance. The aim of this study is to present current research describing the impact of environmental factors on the development of skin dysbiosis and to discuss a perspective focused on restoring the balance of the skin microbiota and its protective mechanisms as a potential element positively influencing the clinical presentation in patients with seborrheic dermatitis. Disruption of the skin microbiome balance constitutes a key element in the pathogenesis of seborrheic dermatitis, which justifies a therapeutic approach aimed at restoring microbiological homeostasis in order to achieve and maintain disease remission.

Contemporary healthcare systems face severe strains due to aging populations, rising chronic disease rates, and workforce shortages. This review of scientific literature from 2015 to 2025 evaluates how Digital Health innovations address these structural challenges. The digital transformation, anchored by electronic medical records, e-prescriptions, and patient portals-has significantly reduced administrative burdens and medical errors. Furthermore, advancements in Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, and the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) have enhanced diagnostic accuracy and enabled proactive, home-based care through Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM). Clinical evidence indicates that RPM alone reduces hospitalization rates by 27% and lowers overall system expenditures. Despite persistent barriers such as digital exclusion, data privacy concerns, and algorithmic bias, the responsible integration of these digital solutions remains essential for building efficient, accessible, and sustainable patient-centered healthcare systems.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global health concern, frequently resulting in persistent cognitive impairments that limit social integration and quality of life. Social integration—defined as meaningful participation in interpersonal relationships, employment, and community life—is strongly influenced by deficits in memory, attention, executive functioning, and social cognition. While traditional cognitive rehabilitation has demonstrated clinical benefits, its accessibility and long-term sustainability are often constrained by cost, resource demands, and reliance on in-person delivery. In recent years, digital cognitive rehabilitation tools, including mobile applications, virtual reality (VR), and tele-rehabilitation platforms, have emerged as promising alternatives that enable scalable, adaptive, and home-based interventions. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the impact of digital cognitive rehabilitation on social integration following TBI, with attention to clinical outcomes, socio-economic implications, and technological barriers. Findings suggest that digital interventions are effective in improving core cognitive domains and may indirectly enhance social functioning by supporting communication, self-efficacy, motivation, and participation in daily activities. VR-based approaches, in particular, offer ecologically valid environments that facilitate the transfer of cognitive gains to real-world social contexts. Economic evidence indicates that digital rehabilitation is often cost-effective or cost-saving, reducing healthcare system burden and supporting return-to-work outcomes. However, direct evidence linking digital cognitive rehabilitation to measurable social integration outcomes remains limited, and significant barriers persist related to digital access, usability, literacy, and ethical considerations. Future research should prioritize participation-level outcomes, long-term follow-up, and inclusive implementation strategies to maximize the social and societal benefits of digital rehabilitation after brain injury.