Luminescent, heterometallic terbium(III)–lutetium(III) terephthalate metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were synthesized via direct reaction between aqueous solutions of disodium terephthalate and nitrates of corresponding lanthanides by using two methods: synthesis from diluted and concentrated solutions. For (Tb_xLu_1−x)₂bdc₃·nH₂O MOFs (bdc = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) containing more than 30 at. % of Tb³⁺, only one crystalline phase was formed: Ln₂bdc₃·4H₂O. At lower Tb³⁺ concentrations, MOFs crystallized as the mixture of Ln₂bdc₃·4H₂O and Ln₂bdc₃·10H₂O (diluted solutions) or Ln₂bdc₃ (concentrated solutions). All synthesized samples that contained Tb³⁺ ions demonstrated bright green luminescence upon excitation into the ¹ππ* excited state of terephthalate ions. The photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) of the compounds corresponding to the Ln₂bdc₃ crystalline phase were significantly larger than for Ln₂bdc₃·4H₂O and Ln₂bdc₃·10H₂O phases due to absence of quenching from water molecules possessing high-energy O-H vibrational modes. One of the synthesized materials, namely, (Tb_0.1Lu_0.9)₂bdc₃·1.4H₂O, had one of the highest PLQY among Tb-based MOFs, 95%.

New heterometallic antenna terephthalate MOFs, namely, (Eu_xM_1−x)₂bdc₃·4H₂O (M = Y, La, Gd) (x = 0.001–1), were synthesized by a one-step method from aqueous solutions. The resulting compounds are isomorphic to each other; the crystalline phase corresponds to Ln₂bdc₃∙4H₂O. Upon 300 nm excitation to the singlet excited state of terephthalate ions, all compounds exhibit a bright red emission corresponding to the of ⁵D₀–⁷F_J (J = 0–4) f-f transitions of Eu³⁺ ions. The Eu(III) concentration dependence of the photophysical properties was carefully studied. We revealed that Gd-doping results in photoluminescence enhancement due to the heavy atom effect. To quantitatively compare the antenna effect among different compounds, we proposed the new approach, where the quantum yield of the ⁵D₀ formation is used to characterize the efficiency of energy transfer from the ligand antenna to the Eu³⁺ emitter.

The structural features and luminescent properties of heterometallic Tb–Gd, Tb–La, and Tb–Y terephthalate metal–organic frameworks, namely (Tb_xM_1−x)₂(1,4-bdc)₃∙4H₂O (M = Gd, La, Y), were studied in detail in a wide concentration range (x = 0.001–1). The crystalline phase of synthesized compounds corresponds to Ln₂(1,4-bdc)₃·4H₂O. The lifetime of ⁵D₄ decreased with increased Tb³⁺ concentration, but PLQY depends non-linearly on the Tb³⁺ concentration. The 50% substitution of Tb³⁺ for Y³⁺, Gd³⁺, or La³⁺ ions result in the significant enhancement of photoluminescence quantum yield, up to 1.6 times. The morphology, thermal stability, and vibrational structure of the selected homo- and bi-metallic materials is reported as well.

The complexation behavior of lanthanide(III) ions with terephthalic acid (1,4-benzene-dicarboxylic acid) in 0.01 M KNO₃ aqueous solutions was studied across a broad pH range and at two metal-to-ligand ratios using potentiometric titration combined with photoluminescence spectroscopy. Chemometric analysis of titration curves enabled the determination of relative molar fractions, stability constants, and probable stoichiometry of the formed complexes. In solutions with a 1:2 metal-to-ligand ratio, bis-complexes (two terephthalate ligands per lanthanide ion) predominated, while ligand-rich conditions favored the formation of tetra-complexes (four ligands per metal ion). In alkaline media, bis-complexes transform into mixed hydroxy-terephthalate species. Meanwhile, for the tetra-complexes, the addition of NaOH results in the formation of lanthanide ion hydroxo complexes without organic ligands. The structural diversity of these complexes, driven by the terephthalate ligand’s tendency to maximize denticity, suggested dimeric or oligomeric configurations. The stability constants and structural features of complexes in solution were found to align with those of known solid-state lanthanide–terephthalate polymers, highlighting their potential as models for polymeric structures.

Plants living in wetland environments (hydrophytes) have developed metabolic adaptations to cope with hypoxia. However, the specific metabolic signatures underlying this adaptation in naturally occurring hydrophytes, compared to their mesophytic relatives, remain insufficiently explored. GC-MS was used to carry out a comparative metabolic profiling of leaves from two pairs of closely related species (the hydrophytes Iris pseudacorus and Comarum palustre versus the mesophytes I. sibirica and Argentina anserina). In total, approximately 260 compounds were detected, of which roughly 100 were annotated. Using Principal Component Analysis, we revealed that the primary source of metabolic variation was phylogenetic (genus/tribe affiliation), while a secondary gradient correlated with ecological adaptation to submergence. A common adaptive metabolic signature of hydrophytes was identified, including the accumulation of dicarboxylic acids from Krebs cycle (succinate, fumarate) and glycolytic metabolites (pyruvate), suggesting a restructuring of energy metabolism under oxygen deficiency. Furthermore, hydrophytes, particularly I. pseudacorus, accumulated higher levels of soluble sugars (sucrose, fructose, glucose) and amino acids, thereby supporting energy supply and alternative NAD(P)H reoxidation pathways. Species-specific differences in the accumulation of antioxidants (e.g., flavonoids, ascorbate) were also observed, indicating diverse strategies for managing oxidative stress. Our findings contribute to identifying a “metabolic fingerprint” associated with waterlogging tolerance.

This study explores the properties of multiwalled WS ₂ nanotubes using the CHGNet universal machine‐learning interatomic potential (uMLIP) and the atomistic force field previously developed by our team. For the first time, both the original (“vanilla”) and fine‐tuned uMLIPs were benchmarked against quantum chemical calculations and atomistic force field models for single‐walled and multiwalled nanotubes. The comparison reveals excellent agreement in structural features between the approaches, although the CHGNet uMLIP tends to underestimate interlayer interaction contributions, affecting certain energy‐related parameters. However, uMLIPs are a significantly less labor‐intensive alternative to traditional force field engineering. With further refinement, they could be used to study multiwalled nanotubes.