In recent years, the using of modifiers was used to improve the performance of asphalt binder and asphalt mixtures. In this research, metakaolin material is investigated as an additive to modify asphalt cement properties. A comparative test program was conducted on asphalt binders and asphalt mixtures to assess the effects of nano metakaolin (NMK) material on pavement performance. The NMK material was used instead of part of the asphalt binder with different percentages (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) by weight. A number of basic tests were conducted on asphalt binder such as the penetration, softening point, flash point, and absolute viscosity tests. Furthermore, standard Marshall, loss of stability, and rutting tests were carried out on asphalt mixtures. The results indicated that the physical properties of the modified asphalt binder with NMK material were improved. Moreover, the use of NMK material has greatly affected the pavement resistance to deformation. Finally, using the NMK material with a percentage of 6% by weight of asphalt binder achieved a greater improvement in the mechanical properties of the modified mixtures

Recently, ridesharing has been noticed as an effective and sustainable mode of transport. In which, each passenger carries out a journey that benefits travelers and society greatly, such as reducing travel costs, reducing journey times, relieving road traffic congestions, preserving fuel and reducing air pollution. While the importance and efficiency of ridesharing, ridesharing among travelers has not been commonly utilized. This paper introduces an upgraded disaggregated utility model for a mode choice step in the four-step traffic demand model for transport of passengers in Tanta city - Gharbiya governorate. For the first time, the analysis in this paper includes ridesharing mode in addition to other three common modes; private vehicle, bus, and taxi . The aim of this research is to involve the ridesharing mode and new parameters in the mode choice analysis of the case study. This is done by including additional parameters such as travel cost and comfortable in addition to travel time. Based on surveys, the developed Multinomial logit utility models have been assessed using the McFadden pseudo R2 values. The values demonstrated high compatibility of results with real data as pseudo R2 values ranges between 0.2 and 0.4. In addition, all utility models developed for modes are found to have P-values less than 0.05 indicating the significance of the considered utility characteristics.