The results of studies on the recovery of carbon fibers by the method of low-temperature solvolysis from prepreg and reinforced plastics based on it are reported. The surface of carbon fibers extracted from prepreg and carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy to understand their thermal stability characteristics, possible surface chemical composition, and the presence of functional groups. It was shown that in the case of solvolysis of a single-layer carbon fiber, the recoverable carbon fibers contain a smaller amount of undecomposed polymer matrix than in the case of prepreg solvolysis.

Thermodynamic analysis of aluminum-containing energetic condensed systems was performed. It was shown that the replacement of aluminum by aluminum carbide led to a decrease in the amount of the condensed phase in the combustion products and a reduction in the specific impulse. The particle size distribution of the condensed phase of samples of energetic condensed systems containing different amounts of aluminum particles coated with aluminum carbide was studied experimentally. It was found that replacing aluminum with a particle size of 18–20 µm nanosized aluminum halved the maximum size of condensed-phase agglomerates of the combustion products.

The structural and morphological properties of powders of commercial amorphous boron grade B modified with acetonitrile, weak nitric acid, and fluorine-containing compounds are studied by the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy methods. The influence of these properties on the oxidation of powders is analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It is shown that the removal of the surface layer in the form of boron oxide and boric acid leads to a more complete oxidation degree of the powder.

The effect of microwave radiation treatment on the widely used technical acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer widely used for 3D-printing is studied. The chemical structure and tensile strength characteristics of filled (with 3 wt % carbon fiber) and unfilled ABS plastic irradiated with microwave radiation for 300, 600, 900, and 1200 s are evaluated. It is shown that the effective irradiation time for the mechanical improvement of the filled samples is 300 s, while no significant changes in the mechanical characteristics of the initial ABS samples are found.

The chemical precipitation was used to obtain carbon fibers (CF) with surface modified by magnetite particles (Fe₃O₄). Processing was carried out by employing up to three subsequent coating stages of ultrasonic treatments. After each sonication stage, the coating was 17, 33, and 47 wt. % of the total weight of the modified fibers. Raman spectroscopy indicates the presence in the coating of a mixture of iron II and III states. As-decorated fibers were used to fabricate composites with an epoxy resin (ED-20) matrix cured with PEPA. The quantity of the carbon fiber filler was of 1, 3, and 6 wt %. At room temperature, the saturation magnetization of the soft magnetic samples was 0.37, 0.83, and 1.72 emu/g for the indicated compositions. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer materials with extra functions such as magnetic in this case, are expected to be useful in applications from the power and energy industries.

With the rapid development of wireless communication technologies and the miniaturization trend in the electronics industry, the reduction of electromagnetic interference has become an important issue. To solve this problem, a lot of attention has been focused on polymer composites with combined functional fillers. In this paper, we report a method for creating an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic composite with a low amount of conductive carbon and magnetic fillers preparation. Also, we investigate the mechanical, thermophysical, and electrodynamic characteristics of the resulting composites. Increasing the combined filler amount in the ABS composite from 1 to 5 wt % leads to a composite conductivity growth of almost 50 times. It is necessary to underline the temperature decrease of 5 wt % mass loss and, accordingly, the composite heat resistance reduction with an increase in the combined filler from 1 to 5 wt %, while the thermal conductivity remains almost constant. It was established that electrodynamic and physical–mechanical characteristics depend on the agglomeration of fillers. This work is expected to reveal the potential of combining commercially available fillers to construct effective materials with good electromagnetic interference (EMI) protection using mass production methods (extrusion and injection molding).