The effects of fasted aerobic exercise on body composition and whether it causes adverse effects remain controversial. This study was to compare the effects of fasted and non-fasted aerobic exercise on body shape and blood biochemical indexes in overweight and obese young adult males, and observe whether FAE triggers adverse reactions. Thirty overweight and obese young adult males were randomly divided into fasted aerobic exercise (FAE) group, non-fasted aerobic exercise (NFAE) group, and control group. They were subjected to indoor treadmill intervention five days a week combined with diet control for six weeks. The FAE group had breakfast 0.5 h after exercise, and the NFAE group exercised 1 h after breakfast. Both groups filled out adverse reaction questionnaires during exercise, and the control group did not have any intervention. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and body fat percentage of the three groups of subjects before and after the experiment were measured by the GAIA KIKO bio-resistance antibody composition analyzer in Korea; waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were measured by the tape measure method; fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINs), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and HDL-C/LDL-C were measured by Roche C8000 automatic biochemical analysis instrument. Weight, BMI, body fat percentage, WC, HC, WHR, WHtR, TG, TC, LDL-C and VLDL decreased very significantly (P < 0.01) in the FAE and NFAE groups after the 6-week experiment. The decrease in FINS was significant in the FAE group (P < 0.05) and the decrease in HDL-C was very significant in the NFAE group (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the frequency of adverse reactions between two groups (P > 0.05). Six-week FAE and NFAE significantly improved body shape in overweight and obese young adult males, while FAE significantly reduced fasting insulin levels and increased tissue cell sensitivity to insulin. And compared to NFAE, 30 min of FAE in the morning did not increase adverse effects.

BACKGROUND The therapeutic role of neurodynamic mobilization in improving lower limb function in patients with mild post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis remains poorly understood. AIM To further elucidate the role of neurodynamic mobilization in facilitating knee joint functional recovery. METHODS Thirty-two patients with post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis treated at Chonghua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Guilin) from March 2024 to August 2025 were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 16) or an intervention group (n = 16). Both groups received eight weeks of conventional treatment; and the intervention group additionally underwent neurodynamic mobilization. Outcomes including pain assessed by the visual analogue scale, active range of motion, Lysholm score, stork stand test, single hop test, and Y-balance test were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the two groups in baseline characteristics, including gender, age, body mass index, or surgical side (P > 0.05). Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance demonstrated significant time × group interaction effects for the visual analogue scale score (F = 13.364, P < 0.05), Lysholm knee score (F = 20.385, P < 0.05), stork stand test (F = 103.756, P < 0.05), and Y-balance test score (F = 8.089, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Neurodynamic mobilization effectively reduces pain, improves knee function, and enhances lower limb balance in patients with mild post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis.