According to the literature, businesses are driving economies and development worldwide as start-ups generate jobs and taxes and—since the last financial meltdown—entrepreneurs and innovation have become even more necessary in order to respond to new challenges in many countries, with certain ecosystem conditions required to spur the enterprise phenomenon. Although start-ups are a low-cost path to innovation with fast results, they must be set up by entrepreneurs eager to speed up the process of establishing new technology-based enterprises. According to the literature, start-ups are underpinned by an ecosystem that consists mainly of the entrepreneur community: mentors, incubators, accelerators, shared services providers, angel investors, venture capital investors, universities, government support agencies, and links to other ecosystems. This article thus focuses on the entrepreneurship ecosystem in order to offer an overview of the technology-based ecosystem status in Lima, Peru, based on start-up case studies and identifying elements in the development process of each of the start-ups studied. Initially, a description and definition of different entrepreneurship ecosystem elements is given that could be present in technology-based enterprises and the entrepreneur. The case studies methodology is also presented, in addition to the corresponding process, whose core objectives are applied in this article: exploratory, allowing us to design a broader-ranging future research project in greater depth; and a descriptive, spotlighting what is happening in each specific start-up, establishing interlinked technology-based ecosystem elements and the characteristics of each of the case studies, including the business model and the sector to which it belongs. Finally, the similarities and differences noted among the start-ups are presented, followed by the corresponding conclusions.

According to the literature, In the context of changes at a global level the formation of new businesses drives the economy, being important start-ups, which are linked to a community of entrepreneurs, mentors, incubators, accelerators, providers of common services, angel investors, venture capitalists, universities and public support entities, which together configure an ecosystem that is linked to other ecosystems. In this way, this work focuses on the Lima, Peru ecosystem with the aim of providing an understanding of the interorganizational networks that are established based on the analysis of the interactions that occur in the LinkedIn social network. Definitions, methodology, results and conclusions are presented.

Insurance companies are experiencing unprecedented growth due to several emerging technology functionalities that have transformed the industry’s operations. Through the Three Horizons framework, this study explores the technical skills required to use artificial intelligence (AI) for the sustainability of insurance companies. Methodologically, it was carried out in two stages: First, defining the state-of-the-art, which included analysis of the current situation and studying technological surveillance. Second, technical skills and their strategic prevalence were identified for the design of each horizon. As a result, the adoption of AI in insurance companies allows them to transform their personal and data-intensive processes into engines of efficiency and knowledge, redefining the way companies in the sector offer their services. This study identifies the immediate benefits of AI in insurance companies. It provides a strategic framework for future innovation, emphasizing the importance of developing AI competencies to ensure long-term sustainability.

There is an increase in the activity of the PET industry and its applications in Lima and other countries, because of the benefits of these materials specifically in the manufacturing of soft drink bottles. In Lima and the rest of Peru, and as stated in the statistics from 2008 to 2017, imported PET has been increased by over 2.5 times. For instance, the present research focuses on developing a viable proposal to increase the recycling rate of PET bottles based on IoT by generating interest and encouraging competition among different collection areas. The current situation of PET in Lima is studied, the methodology of green logistics is revised and an adequate proposal is presented.

STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) education is increasingly recognized as a strategic approach to fostering innovation and competency development in higher education. This study presents a systematic literature review of STEAM research and its implications for promoting innovation through art-science collaboration. A total of 172 articles were initially identified through database searches, of which 34 met the inclusion criteria for final analysis. The review included publications from IEEE Xplore, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Springer, covering the period from 2014 to 2024. The selected studies highlight diverse case studies and applied research initiatives involving interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary teams. Results reveal a global increase in STEAM-related academic output, although research remains limited in Latin America. This gap underscores the importance of promoting regional studies and institutional support in Latin America to strengthen STEAM research ecosystems. Key competencies linked to innovation identified in the reviewed studies include critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and problem-solving. This review contributes to understanding the role of STEAM in advancing educational innovation and knowledge transfer through integrated, collaborative practices.