This study analyses diurnal weather patterns in the lower atmosphere across four climate domains in Nigeria from Era-Interim data for synoptic hours of 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 hours from 2010-2015. The climate domain includes: Port Harcourt (tropical maritime), Enugu (bi-modal tropical continental), Jos (montane), Kano (mono-modal tropical continental) and Maiduguri (semi-arid). Findings revealed that air temperature across the areas indicate strong latitudinal positions with drier and hotter weather pattern northwards. Average air temperature across diurnal hours were 23.2-26oC, 23-29oC, 26-32oC, 26-34oC and 26.6-34 oC for Port Harcourt, Enugu, Jos, Kano and Maiduguri. Average solar radiation peaked at 1200 noon with values 508 W/m2, 639 W/m2, 830 W/m2, 905 W/m2, 832 W/m2 for the areas. Average wind speed increases northwards, i.e. 0.9-1.3m/s, 2.0-2.5m/s, 2.1-2.5m/s, 2.4-3.0m/s and 2.9-3.5m/s respectively. The wind variation is due to the surface characteristics across the areas. Southwesterly winds dominated coastal zone while southeasterly/northeasterly winds dominated the arid zone except during periods of peak rainy season. Average cloud cover for the coastal and northern domains in oktas was: 6-7 and 2-4. Relative humidity shows that prevailing atmospheric conditions at any given time are stronger at the areas close to the sources of influence and the position of Intertropical discontinuity (ITD). Humidity values were: 67-93% and 31-71% for coastal and northern domains. Rainfall amount reduces northwards i.e. 200-46 mm. Rainfall pattern is significantly influenced by the air masses source regions. These regions include closeness to massive water bodies, proximity to Sahara Desert and effects of mountainous barriers.

This work mapped the research chronology and conceptual trends on conservation agriculture-soil health-sustainable development goals nexus by analyzing data from related literature. This is the first-time different bibliometric methods such as VOSviewer, Flourish, as well as Bibliometrix and Biblioshiny models in RStudio were simultaneously used to investigate the research impacts and/or interactions between conservation agriculture (CA), soil health and sustainable development at global scale. On 20th February 2024, a search was launched on the web of science core collection using related search terms to extract relevant data. After the screening and elimination, the search produced 835 papers which were used in the bibliometric analysis. The revealed that USA (31%), India (27%), Australia (7%), England (6%), China (6%), Canada (5%), and other countries had below 5% of the published documents. Many of the papers covered zero hunger (38%), climate action (30%), life on land (26%), while other SDGs had relatively low coverage. The study found the adoption of no till, cover cropping, and organic amendments by the authors as the common CA practices. The hybrid bibliometric approach provided a clear roadmap in understanding the global research trajectory on CA-soil health and SDGs nexus, as well as the roles of countries, authors, institutions, publishing journals. This knowledge could support in championing future debates on CA potential for effective discussion and policies, especially in the developing countries where there have been low publications.