Cancer, the second leading cause of death worldwide, demands the identification of modifiable risk factors to optimize its prevention. Diet has emerged as a pivotal focus in current research efforts. This literature review aims to enhance the ACS guidelines on diet and cancer by integrating the latest findings and addressing unresolved questions. The methodology involved an advanced PubMed search with specific filters relevant to the research topic. Topics covered include time-restricted diet, diet quality, acid load, counseling, exercise and diet combination, Mediterranean diet, vegetarian and pescetarian diets, weight loss, dairy consumption, coffee and tea, iron, carbohydrates, meat, fruits and vegetables, heavy metals, micronutrients, and phytoestrogens. The review highlights the benefits of the Mediterranean diet in reducing cancer risk. Adherence to overnight fasting or carbohydrate consumption may contribute to cancer prevention, but excessive fasting may harm patients’ quality of life. A vegetarian/pescetarian diet is associated with lower risks of general and colorectal cancer compared to a carnivorous diet. High heme and total iron intake are linked to increased lung cancer risk, while phytoestrogen intake is associated with reduced risk. Coffee and tea have a neutral impact on cancer risk. Finally, the roles of several preventive micronutrients and carcinogenic heavy metals are discussed.

Secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) is a common valvular disorder in patients with heart failure and is associated with poor prognosis. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER), particularly with the MitraClip device, has emerged as a less invasive alternative to surgery, with growing evidence supporting its clinical role. However, trial results have been heterogeneous, and optimal patient selection remains under debate. A narrative literature review was conducted using a targeted manual search of PubMed (2018-2026), with the terms (“secondary mitral regurgitation” OR “functional mitral regurgitation”) AND (transcatheter OR MitraClip) AND (randomized OR trial OR meta-analysis). A total of 13 key studies were included, comprising randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, and relevant prospective series, complemented by 30 selected supporting studies used for contextualization. Recent trials such as COAPT (Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients With Functional Mitral Regurgitation) and RESHAPE-HF2 (Randomized Study of the MitraClip Device in Heart Failure Patients with Clinically Significant Functional Mitral Regurgitation) suggest that TEER reduces heart failure hospitalizations in selected patients, while MATTERHORN (Multicenter Mitral Valve Reconstruction for Advanced Insufficiency of Functional or Ischemic Origin) supports transcatheter repair as a safer short-term alternative to surgery in appropriate cases. The concept of disproportionate mitral regurgitation has become central to identifying candidates most likely to benefit. Alternative devices such as PASCAL (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California) and emerging technologies, including transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR), are expanding therapeutic options. TEER is a valuable and safe therapeutic option for patients with SMR who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy, particularly when careful clinical and anatomical selection is applied. Although this review has methodological limitations inherent to its narrative design, it provides an updated and clinically relevant overview of current evidence and future directions in SMR management.