With rapid global urbanization and economic development, 3D concrete printing (3DCP) technology has emerged as an innovative construction method, garnering increasing attention and application. Compared to traditional construction techniques, 3DCP not only reduces resource waste and carbon emissions during the building process but also significantly enhances construction efficiency, demonstrating considerable potential in the construction industry. As 3DCP advances from theoretical studies to real-world applications, providing stable and reliable structural reinforcement solutions becomes essential. This paper focuses on examining various methods to improve the performance of 3D-printed concrete (3DPC) structures. The analysis shows that reinforcement using steel bars, in combination with other materials (mainly fibers and nanomaterials), remains a key strategy for structural enhancement. By integrating diverse reinforcement methods, this study proposes an innovative bidirectional steel mesh layout scheme. Additionally, given the unique nature of 3DPC construction, a critical review of various methods for improving interface bonding strength is included. These findings aim to guide the engineering community in selecting suitable reinforcement solutions for 3DPC.

In this paper, we mainly consider the parametric analysis of the disturbance of the flexible photovoltaic (PV) support structure under two kinds of wind loads, namely, mean wind load and fluctuating wind load, to reduce the wind-induced damage of the flexible PV support structure and improve its safety and durability. The wind speed time history was simulated by the response spectrum method, and the 15.6 m flexible PV support was analyzed comprehensively. The influence of critical parameters, such as panel inclination angle, wind direction angle, and template gap, on the wind-induced response of the flexible PV support was compared and analyzed under two wind loads. The results showed that the panel inclination angle positively correlated with the structural displacement, while the template gap was negatively correlated with the structural displacement. Furthermore, structural displacements were observed to be higher at 0° and 180° wind direction angles compared to those at 45° and 135° angles. Compared with other horizontal force-bearing structures, the horizontal force-bearing structure of inclined steel columns had more robust safety, construction convenience, and economy. It is worth noting that the fluctuating wind load was much smaller than the mean wind load, but its impact on the flexible PV support structure cannot be ignored.

Three-dimensional (3D) concrete printing (3DCP) is an emerging construction technology that differs fundamentally from traditional cast-in-place methods. Its formwork-free process substanti...