Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the negative casual relationships between organizational security factors (security systems, security education, and security visibility) and individual non-compliance causes (work impediment, security system anxiety, and non-compliance behaviors of peers), which have negative influences on compliance intention. Design/methodology/approach: Based on literature review, the authors propose a research model together with hypotheses. The survey questionnaires were developed to collect data, which then validated the measurement model. The authors collected 415 responses from employees at manufacturing and service firms that had already implemented security policies. The hypothesized relationships were tested using the structural equation model approach with AMOS 18.0. Findings: Survey results validate that work impediment, security system anxiety, and non-compliance peer behaviors are the causes of employee non-compliance. In addition, the authors found that security systems, security education, and security visibility decrease instances of non-compliance. Research limitations/implications: Organizations should establish a mixture of security investment in their systems, education, and visibility in order to effectively reduce employees’ non-compliance. In addition, organizations should recognize the importance of minimizing the particular causes of employees’ non-compliance to positively increase intentions to comply with information security. Originality/value: An important issue in information security management is employee compliance. Understanding the reasons behind employees’ non-compliance is a critical issue. This paper investigates empirically why employees do not comply, and how organizations can induce employees to comply by a mixture of investments in security systems, education, and visibility.

In this study, we use the attentional phase of social learning theory to link workplace security-related experiences and observations to employees’ security awareness. The responses of 398 organizational employees serve to test our research model using structural equational modeling with AMOS 22.0. The results show security awareness arises from both explicit and subjective security experiences in the workplace. Our respondents indicate knowledge of a physical system has little, if any, effect on security awareness. However, security education, policy, visibility and managerial security participation are important for producing security awareness. Furthermore, managerial participation strengthens the links between organizational security efforts and security awareness. We discuss the implications of our study for future security compliance research and practice.

New technologies are driving rapid change and innovation in the industrial structure. In this environment, individuals’ use of contents also changes remarkably. This study aims to empirically prove why individuals switch from traditional to augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR) content services. We propose a research model and hypotheses based on data collected from existing research and AR/VR users. To explain individuals’ switch, we include three constructs for the push effects (low usefulness, functional simplicity, and perceived inefficiency) and three constructs for the pull effects (interactivity, experienceability, and amplified enjoyment) in our proposed model based on the most valid push-pull-mooring. Furthermore, we propose personal innovativeness as a mooring effect on the relationships between push/pull effects and switching intention to AR/VR content services. The data (n = 465) from actual AR/VR users were collected and analyzed using structural equation modeling with AMOS 22.0. Results empirically prove that all push/pull constructs, with the exception of perceived inefficiency, have a significant impact on switching intention. Moreover, a mooring effect—personal innovativeness—strengthens all paths in the research model, except that between perceived inefficiency and switching intention. The findings of this study would provide theoretical and practical implications for understanding individuals’ perceptions regarding AR/VR content services.

Social network service (SNS) information has benefited many individuals. However, as such information has increased exponentially, the number of SNS users has increased dramatically and negative effects of SNSs on users have emerged. Many SNS users experience negative psychological conditions such as fatigue, burnout, and stress. Thus, in this study, we investigated the SNS and user characteristics that affect SNS fatigue, living disorder, and reduced SNS use intention. We developed a research model to examine the impact of two SNS characteristics (irrelevant information overload and open reachability) and two user characteristics (engagement and maintaining self-reputation) on SNS fatigue. We also examined the role of the experience of privacy violations in the relationship between living disorder and reduced SNS use intention. We collected data from 579 SNS users and created a partial least squares structural equation model to test the hypotheses. The results of the analysis showed that three factors, other than open reachability, positively affected SNS fatigue. Furthermore, we found that SNS fatigue significantly affected living disorder and reduced SNS use intention, and that experience of privacy violations significantly affected the relationship between living disorder and reduced SNS use intention. These results expand our understanding of SNS fatigue and users’ negative behaviors.

Robot technology at small- and medium-sized enterprises has become a crucial part of current business operations. Beginning with the manufacturing industry, more industries than ever before have recently begun making use of robot technology to increase operational efficiency and productivity. However, prior studies regarding innovation related to intelligent robot use have been limited to developing strategies for describing robot technologies in general. Therefore, we developed a research model for investigating process innovation as it relates to intelligent robots. Based on the literature, two variables of technology benefits (direct usefulness and indirect usefulness) and two constructs of environmental pressure (industry and government) were incorporated into the research model as key determinants of a firm’s process innovation. Furthermore, organizational supports as moderating variables were added to the relationship between technology benefits and process innovation. We collected 257 responses in managerial position at various firms in order to test the proposed hypotheses using structural equation modeling in the statistical software (AMOS 22.0). The results revealed that all variables have a significant impact on process innovation, as well as the moderator. The findings of this study provide theoretical and practical implications for process innovation based on intelligent robot technology.