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Recent evidence suggests that, in some foci, elimination of onchocerciasis from Africa may be feasible with mass drug administration (MDA) of ivermectin. To achieve continental elimination of transmission, mapping surveys will need to be conducted across all implementation units (IUs) for which endemicity status is currently unknown. Using boosted regression tree models with optimised hyperparameter selection, we estimated environmental suitability for onchocerciasis at the 5 × 5-km resolution across Africa. In order to classify IUs that include locations that are environmentally suitable, we used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to identify an optimal threshold for suitability concordant with locations where onchocerciasis has been previously detected. This threshold value was then used to classify IUs (more suitable or less suitable) based on the location within the IU with the largest mean prediction. Mean estimates of environmental suitability suggest large areas across West and Central Africa, as well as focal areas of East Africa, are suitable for onchocerciasis transmission, consistent with the presence of current control and elimination of transmission efforts. The ROC analysis identified a mean environmental suitability index of 0·71 as a threshold to classify based on the location with the largest mean prediction within the IU. Of the IUs considered for mapping surveys, 50·2% exceed this threshold for suitability in at least one 5 × 5-km location. The formidable scale of data collection required to map onchocerciasis endemicity across the African continent presents an opportunity to use spatial data to identify areas likely to be suitable for onchocerciasis transmission. National onchocerciasis elimination programmes may wish to consider prioritising these IUs for mapping surveys as human resources, laboratory capacity, and programmatic schedules may constrain survey implementation, and possibly delaying MDA initiation in areas that would ultimately qualify.
Elizabeth A. Cromwell; Joshua C. P. Osborne; Thomas R. Unnasch; Maria-Gloria Basáñez; Katherine M. Gass; Kira A. Barbre; Elex Hill; Kimberly B. Johnson; Katie M. Donkers; Shreya Shirude; Chris A. Schmidt; Victor Adekanmbi; Olatunji O. Adetokunboh; Mohsen Afarideh; Ehsan Ahmadpour; Muktar Beshir Ahmed; Temesgen Yihunie Akalu; Ziyad Al-Aly; Fahad Mashhour Alanezi; Turki M. Alanzi; Vahid Alipour; Catalina Liliana Andrei; Fereshteh Ansari; Mustafa Geleto Ansha; Davood Anvari; Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah; Jalal Arabloo; Benjamin F. Arnold; Marcel Ausloos; Martin Amogre Ayanore; Atif Amin Baig; Maciej Banach; Aleksandra Barac; Till Winfried Bärnighausen; Mohsen Bayati; Krittika Bhattacharyya; Zulfiqar A. Bhutta; Sadia Bibi; Ali Bijani; Somayeh Bohlouli; Mahdi Bohluli; Oliver J. Brady; Nicola Luigi Bragazzi; Zahid A. Butt; Felix Carvalho; Souranshu Chatterjee; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Soosanna Kumary Chattu; Natalie Maria Cormier; Saad M. A. Dahlawi; Giovanni Damiani; Farah Daoud; Aso Mohammad Darwesh; Ahmad Daryani; Kebede Deribe; Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne; Daniel Diaz; Hoa Thi Do; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Maha El Tantawi; Demelash Abewa Elemineh; Anwar Faraj; Majid Fasihi Harandi; Yousef Fatahi; Valery L. Feigin; Eduarda Fernandes; Nataliya A. Foigt; Masoud Foroutan; Richard Charles Franklin; Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari; Davide Guido; Yuming Guo; Arvin Haj-Mirzaian; Kanaan Hamagharib Abdullah; Samer Hamidi; Claudiu Herteliu; Hagos Degefa de Hidru; Tarig B. Higazi; Naznin Hossain; Mehdi Hosseinzadeh; Mowafa Househ; Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi; Milena D. Ilic; Irena M. Ilic; Usman Iqbal; Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani; Ravi Prakash Jha; Farahnaz Joukar; Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak; Zubair Kabir; Leila R. Kalankesh; Rohollah Kalhor; Behzad Karami Matin; Salah Eddin Karimi; Amir Kasaeian; Taras Kavetskyy; Gbenga A. Kayode; Ali Kazemi Karyani; Abraham Getachew Kelbore; Maryam Keramati; Rovshan Khalilov; Ejaz Ahmad Khan; Nuruzzaman Nuruzzaman Khan; Khaled Khatab; Mona M. Khater; Neda Kianipour; Kelemu Tilahun Kibret; Yun Jin Kim; Soewarta Kosen; Kris J. Krohn; Dian Kusuma; Carlo La Vecchia; Van Charles Lansingh; Paul H. Lee; Kate E. LeGrand; Shanshan Li; Joshua Longbottom; Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek; Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek; Afshin Maleki; Abdullah A. Mamun; Ali Manafi; Navid Manafi; Mohammad Ali Mansournia; Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo; Mohsen Mazidi; Colm McAlinden; Birhanu Geta Meharie; Walter Mendoza; Endalkachew Worku Mengesha; Desalegn Tadese Mengistu; Seid Tiku Mereta; Tomislav Mestrovic; Ted R. Miller; Mohammad Miri; Masoud Moghadaszadeh; Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani; Reza Mohammadpourhodki; Shafiu Mohammed; Salahuddin Mohammed; Masoud Moradi; Rahmatollah Moradzadeh; Paula Moraga; Jonathan F. Mosser; Mehdi Naderi; Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan; Gurudatta Naik; Ionut Negoi; Cuong Tat Nguyen; Huong Lan Thi Nguyen; Trang Huyen Nguyen; Rajan Nikbakhsh; Bogdan Oancea; Tinuke O. Olagunju; Andrew T. Olagunju; Ahmed Omar Bali; Obinna E. Onwujekwe; Adrian Pana; Hadi Pourjafar; Fakher Rahim; Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman; Priya Rathi; Salman Rawaf; David Laith Rawaf; Reza Rawassizadeh; Serge Resnikoff; Melese Abate Reta; Aziz Rezapour; Enrico Rubagotti; Salvatore Rubino; Ehsan Sadeghi; Abedin Saghafipour; S. Mohammad Sajadi; Abdallah M. Samy; Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suárez; Monika Sawhney; Megan F. Schipp; Amira A. Shaheen; Masood Ali Shaikh; Morteza Shamsizadeh; Kiomars Sharafi; Aziz Sheikh; B. Suresh Kumar Shetty; Jae Il Shin; K. M. Shivakumar; Biagio Simonetti; Jasvinder A. Singh; Eirini Skiadaresi; Amin Soheili; Shahin Soltani; Emma Elizabeth Spurlock; Mu’Awiyyah Babale Sufiyan; Takahiro Tabuchi; Leili Tapak; Robert L. Thompson; Alan J. Thomson; Eugenio Traini; Bach Xuan Tran; Irfan Ullah; Saif Ullah; Chigozie Jesse Uneke; Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan; Olalekan A. Uthman; Natalie V. S. Vinkeles Melchers; Francesco S. Violante; Haileab Fekadu Wolde; Tewodros Eshete Wonde; Tomohide Yamada; Sanni Yaya; Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi; Paul Yip; Naohiro Yonemoto; Hebat-Allah Salah A. Yousof; Chuanhua Yu; Yong Yu; Hasan Yusefzadeh; Leila Zaki; Sojib Bin Zaman; Maryam Zamanian; Zhi-Jiang Zhang; Yunquan Zhang; Arash Ziapour; Simon I. Hay; David M. Pigott. Predicting the environmental suitability for onchocerciasis in Africa as an aid to elimination planning. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2021, 15, e0008824 .
AMA StyleElizabeth A. Cromwell, Joshua C. P. Osborne, Thomas R. Unnasch, Maria-Gloria Basáñez, Katherine M. Gass, Kira A. Barbre, Elex Hill, Kimberly B. Johnson, Katie M. Donkers, Shreya Shirude, Chris A. Schmidt, Victor Adekanmbi, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Mohsen Afarideh, Ehsan Ahmadpour, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu, Ziyad Al-Aly, Fahad Mashhour Alanezi, Turki M. Alanzi, Vahid Alipour, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Fereshteh Ansari, Mustafa Geleto Ansha, Davood Anvari, Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah, Jalal Arabloo, Benjamin F. Arnold, Marcel Ausloos, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Atif Amin Baig, Maciej Banach, Aleksandra Barac, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Mohsen Bayati, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Sadia Bibi, Ali Bijani, Somayeh Bohlouli, Mahdi Bohluli, Oliver J. Brady, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Zahid A. Butt, Felix Carvalho, Souranshu Chatterjee, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Natalie Maria Cormier, Saad M. A. Dahlawi, Giovanni Damiani, Farah Daoud, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Ahmad Daryani, Kebede Deribe, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Daniel Diaz, Hoa Thi Do, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Maha El Tantawi, Demelash Abewa Elemineh, Anwar Faraj, Majid Fasihi Harandi, Yousef Fatahi, Valery L. Feigin, Eduarda Fernandes, Nataliya A. Foigt, Masoud Foroutan, Richard Charles Franklin, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Davide Guido, Yuming Guo, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, Kanaan Hamagharib Abdullah, Samer Hamidi, Claudiu Herteliu, Hagos Degefa de Hidru, Tarig B. Higazi, Naznin Hossain, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mowafa Househ, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Milena D. Ilic, Irena M. Ilic, Usman Iqbal, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Ravi Prakash Jha, Farahnaz Joukar, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Zubair Kabir, Leila R. Kalankesh, Rohollah Kalhor, Behzad Karami Matin, Salah Eddin Karimi, Amir Kasaeian, Taras Kavetskyy, Gbenga A. Kayode, Ali Kazemi Karyani, Abraham Getachew Kelbore, Maryam Keramati, Rovshan Khalilov, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Nuruzzaman Nuruzzaman Khan, Khaled Khatab, Mona M. Khater, Neda Kianipour, Kelemu Tilahun Kibret, Yun Jin Kim, Soewarta Kosen, Kris J. Krohn, Dian Kusuma, Carlo La Vecchia, Van Charles Lansingh, Paul H. Lee, Kate E. LeGrand, Shanshan Li, Joshua Longbottom, Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek, Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek, Afshin Maleki, Abdullah A. Mamun, Ali Manafi, Navid Manafi, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Mohsen Mazidi, Colm McAlinden, Birhanu Geta Meharie, Walter Mendoza, Endalkachew Worku Mengesha, Desalegn Tadese Mengistu, Seid Tiku Mereta, Tomislav Mestrovic, Ted R. Miller, Mohammad Miri, Masoud Moghadaszadeh, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Reza Mohammadpourhodki, Shafiu Mohammed, Salahuddin Mohammed, Masoud Moradi, Rahmatollah Moradzadeh, Paula Moraga, Jonathan F. Mosser, Mehdi Naderi, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Gurudatta Naik, Ionut Negoi, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Trang Huyen Nguyen, Rajan Nikbakhsh, Bogdan Oancea, Tinuke O. Olagunju, Andrew T. Olagunju, Ahmed Omar Bali, Obinna E. Onwujekwe, Adrian Pana, Hadi Pourjafar, Fakher Rahim, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Priya Rathi, Salman Rawaf, David Laith Rawaf, Reza Rawassizadeh, Serge Resnikoff, Melese Abate Reta, Aziz Rezapour, Enrico Rubagotti, Salvatore Rubino, Ehsan Sadeghi, Abedin Saghafipour, S. Mohammad Sajadi, Abdallah M. Samy, Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suárez, Monika Sawhney, Megan F. Schipp, Amira A. Shaheen, Masood Ali Shaikh, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Kiomars Sharafi, Aziz Sheikh, B. Suresh Kumar Shetty, Jae Il Shin, K. M. Shivakumar, Biagio Simonetti, Jasvinder A. Singh, Eirini Skiadaresi, Amin Soheili, Shahin Soltani, Emma Elizabeth Spurlock, Mu’Awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Takahiro Tabuchi, Leili Tapak, Robert L. Thompson, Alan J. Thomson, Eugenio Traini, Bach Xuan Tran, Irfan Ullah, Saif Ullah, Chigozie Jesse Uneke, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Olalekan A. Uthman, Natalie V. S. Vinkeles Melchers, Francesco S. Violante, Haileab Fekadu Wolde, Tewodros Eshete Wonde, Tomohide Yamada, Sanni Yaya, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Paul Yip, Naohiro Yonemoto, Hebat-Allah Salah A. Yousof, Chuanhua Yu, Yong Yu, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Leila Zaki, Sojib Bin Zaman, Maryam Zamanian, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Yunquan Zhang, Arash Ziapour, Simon I. Hay, David M. Pigott. Predicting the environmental suitability for onchocerciasis in Africa as an aid to elimination planning. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2021; 15 (7):e0008824.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElizabeth A. Cromwell; Joshua C. P. Osborne; Thomas R. Unnasch; Maria-Gloria Basáñez; Katherine M. Gass; Kira A. Barbre; Elex Hill; Kimberly B. Johnson; Katie M. Donkers; Shreya Shirude; Chris A. Schmidt; Victor Adekanmbi; Olatunji O. Adetokunboh; Mohsen Afarideh; Ehsan Ahmadpour; Muktar Beshir Ahmed; Temesgen Yihunie Akalu; Ziyad Al-Aly; Fahad Mashhour Alanezi; Turki M. Alanzi; Vahid Alipour; Catalina Liliana Andrei; Fereshteh Ansari; Mustafa Geleto Ansha; Davood Anvari; Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah; Jalal Arabloo; Benjamin F. Arnold; Marcel Ausloos; Martin Amogre Ayanore; Atif Amin Baig; Maciej Banach; Aleksandra Barac; Till Winfried Bärnighausen; Mohsen Bayati; Krittika Bhattacharyya; Zulfiqar A. Bhutta; Sadia Bibi; Ali Bijani; Somayeh Bohlouli; Mahdi Bohluli; Oliver J. Brady; Nicola Luigi Bragazzi; Zahid A. Butt; Felix Carvalho; Souranshu Chatterjee; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Soosanna Kumary Chattu; Natalie Maria Cormier; Saad M. A. Dahlawi; Giovanni Damiani; Farah Daoud; Aso Mohammad Darwesh; Ahmad Daryani; Kebede Deribe; Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne; Daniel Diaz; Hoa Thi Do; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Maha El Tantawi; Demelash Abewa Elemineh; Anwar Faraj; Majid Fasihi Harandi; Yousef Fatahi; Valery L. Feigin; Eduarda Fernandes; Nataliya A. Foigt; Masoud Foroutan; Richard Charles Franklin; Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari; Davide Guido; Yuming Guo; Arvin Haj-Mirzaian; Kanaan Hamagharib Abdullah; Samer Hamidi; Claudiu Herteliu; Hagos Degefa de Hidru; Tarig B. Higazi; Naznin Hossain; Mehdi Hosseinzadeh; Mowafa Househ; Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi; Milena D. Ilic; Irena M. Ilic; Usman Iqbal; Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani; Ravi Prakash Jha; Farahnaz Joukar; Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak; Zubair Kabir; Leila R. Kalankesh; Rohollah Kalhor; Behzad Karami Matin; Salah Eddin Karimi; Amir Kasaeian; Taras Kavetskyy; Gbenga A. Kayode; Ali Kazemi Karyani; Abraham Getachew Kelbore; Maryam Keramati; Rovshan Khalilov; Ejaz Ahmad Khan; Nuruzzaman Nuruzzaman Khan; Khaled Khatab; Mona M. Khater; Neda Kianipour; Kelemu Tilahun Kibret; Yun Jin Kim; Soewarta Kosen; Kris J. Krohn; Dian Kusuma; Carlo La Vecchia; Van Charles Lansingh; Paul H. Lee; Kate E. LeGrand; Shanshan Li; Joshua Longbottom; Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek; Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek; Afshin Maleki; Abdullah A. Mamun; Ali Manafi; Navid Manafi; Mohammad Ali Mansournia; Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo; Mohsen Mazidi; Colm McAlinden; Birhanu Geta Meharie; Walter Mendoza; Endalkachew Worku Mengesha; Desalegn Tadese Mengistu; Seid Tiku Mereta; Tomislav Mestrovic; Ted R. Miller; Mohammad Miri; Masoud Moghadaszadeh; Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani; Reza Mohammadpourhodki; Shafiu Mohammed; Salahuddin Mohammed; Masoud Moradi; Rahmatollah Moradzadeh; Paula Moraga; Jonathan F. Mosser; Mehdi Naderi; Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan; Gurudatta Naik; Ionut Negoi; Cuong Tat Nguyen; Huong Lan Thi Nguyen; Trang Huyen Nguyen; Rajan Nikbakhsh; Bogdan Oancea; Tinuke O. Olagunju; Andrew T. Olagunju; Ahmed Omar Bali; Obinna E. Onwujekwe; Adrian Pana; Hadi Pourjafar; Fakher Rahim; Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman; Priya Rathi; Salman Rawaf; David Laith Rawaf; Reza Rawassizadeh; Serge Resnikoff; Melese Abate Reta; Aziz Rezapour; Enrico Rubagotti; Salvatore Rubino; Ehsan Sadeghi; Abedin Saghafipour; S. Mohammad Sajadi; Abdallah M. Samy; Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suárez; Monika Sawhney; Megan F. Schipp; Amira A. Shaheen; Masood Ali Shaikh; Morteza Shamsizadeh; Kiomars Sharafi; Aziz Sheikh; B. Suresh Kumar Shetty; Jae Il Shin; K. M. Shivakumar; Biagio Simonetti; Jasvinder A. Singh; Eirini Skiadaresi; Amin Soheili; Shahin Soltani; Emma Elizabeth Spurlock; Mu’Awiyyah Babale Sufiyan; Takahiro Tabuchi; Leili Tapak; Robert L. Thompson; Alan J. Thomson; Eugenio Traini; Bach Xuan Tran; Irfan Ullah; Saif Ullah; Chigozie Jesse Uneke; Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan; Olalekan A. Uthman; Natalie V. S. Vinkeles Melchers; Francesco S. Violante; Haileab Fekadu Wolde; Tewodros Eshete Wonde; Tomohide Yamada; Sanni Yaya; Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi; Paul Yip; Naohiro Yonemoto; Hebat-Allah Salah A. Yousof; Chuanhua Yu; Yong Yu; Hasan Yusefzadeh; Leila Zaki; Sojib Bin Zaman; Maryam Zamanian; Zhi-Jiang Zhang; Yunquan Zhang; Arash Ziapour; Simon I. Hay; David M. Pigott. 2021. "Predicting the environmental suitability for onchocerciasis in Africa as an aid to elimination planning." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 7: e0008824.
(1) Background: The older adult population of society is exposed to multiple stressors daily, such as the loss of loved ones, dysfunctional mobility, financial dependence, and suffering from numerous chronic illnesses. The present study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Anxiety about Aging Scale among older adults in Iran. (2) Methods: A sample of 703 community-dwelling older adults was recruited and screened using a standardized tool. The mean age of participants was 69.4 ± 8.1 years. The majority of participants were male (59.2%), married (66.6%), and illiterate (79.7%). A ‘forward-backward’ translation method was used in developing the Iranian version of the AAS for assessing the psychometric properties among older adults. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the Rasch model were used for construct validity. (3) Results: Applying CFA indicated that the model’s four original factors are the best solution, representing 55% of the total variance. The result of the CFA showed that this four-factor model had a good fit for the data. The findings were also confirmed by Rasch analysis. (4) Conclusions: The Persian version of the AAS is valid and reliable for measuring aging anxiety among Iranian older adults.
Amir Pakpour; Shamsedin Namjoo; Khadijeh Sabahiazar; Mohammad Jafarabadi; Vijay Chattu; Hamid Allahverdipour. Psychometric Properties of the Lasher and Faulkender Anxiety about Aging Scale (AAS) among Iranian Older Adults. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education 2021, 11, 829 -837.
AMA StyleAmir Pakpour, Shamsedin Namjoo, Khadijeh Sabahiazar, Mohammad Jafarabadi, Vijay Chattu, Hamid Allahverdipour. Psychometric Properties of the Lasher and Faulkender Anxiety about Aging Scale (AAS) among Iranian Older Adults. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education. 2021; 11 (3):829-837.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Pakpour; Shamsedin Namjoo; Khadijeh Sabahiazar; Mohammad Jafarabadi; Vijay Chattu; Hamid Allahverdipour. 2021. "Psychometric Properties of the Lasher and Faulkender Anxiety about Aging Scale (AAS) among Iranian Older Adults." European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education 11, no. 3: 829-837.
In this globalized world, education has become an important medium to enhance people-to-people contact. The Delores report of the International Commission on Education for the 21st century highlights the enormous potential of higher education to use globalization as a resource for bridging the knowledge gap and enriching cross-cultural dialogue. As a major contributor to soft power and an important field of public diplomacy, international education can have a wealth of advantages, including the ability to generate commercial value, promote a country’s foreign policy goals and interests, and contribute to economic growth and investment. The People’s Republic of China, well-known for being the world’s most populous nation and the global economic powerhouse, prioritizes the internationalization of the country’s higher education system. China is looking to expand its higher education program and carry out its diplomatic project in South Asia. In this sense, the South Asian zone, especially Nepal, is significant for China, where its educational diplomacy is playing as a “bridge between Sino- Nepal relations.” In this review, we describe the place and priority of “Education” in China’s foreign policy; explore China’s mediums of investment in Nepal’s education sector; and highlight the importance of educational aid in Sino-Nepal relations. Chinese educational aid to Nepal takes many forms, where Nepali students and officials engage with Chinese investment to enhance their career prospects and the education system in Nepal.
Priya Gauttam; Bawa Singh; Vijay Chattu. Higher Education as a Bridge between China and Nepal: Mapping Education as Soft Power in Chinese Foreign Policy. Societies 2021, 11, 81 .
AMA StylePriya Gauttam, Bawa Singh, Vijay Chattu. Higher Education as a Bridge between China and Nepal: Mapping Education as Soft Power in Chinese Foreign Policy. Societies. 2021; 11 (3):81.
Chicago/Turabian StylePriya Gauttam; Bawa Singh; Vijay Chattu. 2021. "Higher Education as a Bridge between China and Nepal: Mapping Education as Soft Power in Chinese Foreign Policy." Societies 11, no. 3: 81.
Background HIV/AIDS is still one of the major public health concerns globally. It is one of the major contributory causes of deaths among women in the reproductive age (15–49 years) and has resulted in about 14 million orphaned children globally. Knowledge of Mother-to Child transmission is one of the strategies to fight against HIV. This study, therefore, sought to assess the knowledge and determinants of women’s knowledge on vertical transmission of HIV and AIDS in their reproductive age in South Africa. Methods Data were obtained from the South Africa Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS) 2016. Both descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential analysis (multilevel mixed-effects complementary log–log regression model) were conducted and the statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results The prevalence of knowledge of mother to child transmission of HIV and AIDS during pregnancy, delivery, breastfeeding and at least knowledge of one source are 87.0%, 81.1%, 80.3% and 91.4% respectively. At the individual level, those with secondary [AOR = 1.28, CI = 1.04,1.57] and higher [AOR = 1.55, CI = 1.21,1.99], those who read newspaper less than once a week [AOR = 1.16, CI = [1.05,1.28], at least once a week [AOR = 1.14, CI = 1.04,1.25], and those who listen to the radio less than once a week [AOR = 1.22, CI = 1.03,1.43] had higher odds of knowledge on MTCT of HIV and AIDS. However, those with parity 0 [AOR = 0.73, CI = [0.63,0.85] had lower odds of knowledge of MTCT of HIV and AIDS compared with those with parity 4 or more. At the contextual level, those in the poorest wealth quintile [AOR = 0.82,CI = 0.69,0.97] had lower odds of having knowledge of MTCT of HIV and AIDS. Those in the urban areas [AOR = 1.17, CI = [1.04,1.31], those in Limpopo [AOR = 1.35, CI = [1.12,1.64], Gauteng [AOR = 1.35, CI = [1.12,1.62] and North west[AOR = 1.49, CI = [1.22,1.81] had higher odds of knowledge of mother to child transmission of HIV and AIDS. Conclusion The study has demonstrated that there is relatively high knowledge of mother to child transmission of HIV and AIDS in South Africa. The factors associated with the knowledge are educational level, exposure to mass media, parity, wealth status, place of residence and the region of residence. To further increase the knowledge, it is imperative to adopt various messages and target respondents in different part of SSA through the mass media channels. This should be done taking cognizant of the rural–urban variations and socio-economic status.
Eugene Kofuor Maafo Darteh; Susanna Aba Abraham; Abdul-Aziz Seidu; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Sanni Yaya. Knowledge and determinants of women’s knowledge on vertical transmission of HIV and AIDS in South Africa. AIDS Research and Therapy 2021, 18, 1 -9.
AMA StyleEugene Kofuor Maafo Darteh, Susanna Aba Abraham, Abdul-Aziz Seidu, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Sanni Yaya. Knowledge and determinants of women’s knowledge on vertical transmission of HIV and AIDS in South Africa. AIDS Research and Therapy. 2021; 18 (1):1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEugene Kofuor Maafo Darteh; Susanna Aba Abraham; Abdul-Aziz Seidu; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Sanni Yaya. 2021. "Knowledge and determinants of women’s knowledge on vertical transmission of HIV and AIDS in South Africa." AIDS Research and Therapy 18, no. 1: 1-9.
Undoubtedly, the COVID-19 pandemic is not the first and most frightening global pandemic, and it may not be the last. At the very least, this phenomenon has though seriously challenged the health systems of the world; it has created a new perspective on the value of national, regional, and international cooperation during crises. The post-coronavirus world could be a world of intensified nationalist rivalries on the economic revival and political influence. However, strengthening cooperation among nations at different levels will lead to the growth of health, economy, and security. The current situation is a touchstone for international actors in coordinating the efforts in similar future crises. At present, this pandemic crisis cannot be resolved except through joint international cooperation, global cohesion, and multilateralism. This perspective concludes that the pandemic could be an excellent opportunity for the scope of global health diplomacy (GHD) and how it can be applied and practiced for strengthening five global arenas, namely (1) International Cooperation and Global Solidarity, (2) Global Economy, Trade and Development, (3) Global Health Security, (4) Strengthening health systems, and (5) Addressing inequities to achieve the global health targets. GHD proves to be very useful for negotiating better policies, stronger partnerships, and achieving international cooperation in this phase with many geopolitical shifts and nationalist mindset among many nations at this stage of COVID-19 vaccine roll-out.
Sanaz Taghizade; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan; Sebastian Kevany. COVID-19 Pandemic as an Excellent Opportunity for Global Health Diplomacy. Frontiers in Public Health 2021, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleSanaz Taghizade, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, Sebastian Kevany. COVID-19 Pandemic as an Excellent Opportunity for Global Health Diplomacy. Frontiers in Public Health. 2021; 9 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSanaz Taghizade; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan; Sebastian Kevany. 2021. "COVID-19 Pandemic as an Excellent Opportunity for Global Health Diplomacy." Frontiers in Public Health 9, no. : 1.
Precision medicine (PM) is an emerging approach for disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management that holds promise for improving the future of sleep healthcare. This concept of PM is guided by evidence-based medicine for treatment decisions by taking into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle factors. Chronic sleep loss affects millions of people each year, representing an important public health issue. The same approach can be applied in sleep medicine to treat sleep disorders where the physicians and scientists can make accurate predictions concerning the best strategy for an individual/groups in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management. This review aims to explore the emerging role of PM and its application in sleep medicine through the integration of innovative technology such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), blockchain technology which aids in the diagnosis and therapeutic modalities. An extensive literature search was done in all the major databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google scholar search engines for the keywords “Precision Medicine” AND “Sleep disorders” OR “Sleep medicine,” and the information is extracted and discussed in this review. Though the PM in Sleep Medicine application is in nascent stages, it is very promising in sleep medicine and is expected in many areas of sleep healthcare in the near future. The application of AI and ML in the concept of PM has revamped the testing, diagnosis, and treatment modalities for sleep disorders which hold a promise to translate these benefits to the global population through sustained efforts of innovation.
Vijay Kumar Chattu; Thankam S. Sunil; Sagar Santaji; Veena V. Desai; Lalit Garg; Alma Nurtazina; Hamid Allahverdipour; Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal. Precision Medicine Meets Sleep Medicine: How Can Sleep Health Aid to Reduce the Preventable Burden of Non-communicable Diseases? Sleep and Vigilance 2021, 1 -10.
AMA StyleVijay Kumar Chattu, Thankam S. Sunil, Sagar Santaji, Veena V. Desai, Lalit Garg, Alma Nurtazina, Hamid Allahverdipour, Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal. Precision Medicine Meets Sleep Medicine: How Can Sleep Health Aid to Reduce the Preventable Burden of Non-communicable Diseases? Sleep and Vigilance. 2021; ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVijay Kumar Chattu; Thankam S. Sunil; Sagar Santaji; Veena V. Desai; Lalit Garg; Alma Nurtazina; Hamid Allahverdipour; Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal. 2021. "Precision Medicine Meets Sleep Medicine: How Can Sleep Health Aid to Reduce the Preventable Burden of Non-communicable Diseases?" Sleep and Vigilance , no. : 1-10.
Background The aspects of marriage and relationship and their effect on couples’ satisfaction are essential and critical aspects to be explored in this globalized and contemporary world. Since there are no reported meta-analysis and systematic reviews conducted in the last two decades in this area, we aimed to investigate the effect of marriage and relationship programs (MRP) on couples’ relationship satisfaction (CRS) and couples’ relationship communication (CRC) and also to determine the gender differences if any. Method In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published between 2000 and July 26, 2019, were retrieved from several online electronic databases such as Medline, Embase, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed using the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) framework of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The reported summary statistics were calculated as random effects models based on the heterogeneity between the studies model. Funnel plots and the Egger regression test was used to confirm the presence of any publication bias. Results Of the total 12 intervention studies included, five (5) are education/communication skills programs, three (3) enrichment programs, and four (4) therapy programs. The impact of these programs was investigated on CRS and CRC. Therapy programs had a larger effect than other programs (pooled MD: 0.53 (95% CI = 0.35 to 0.71, I2 = 71.5% p = 0.0001) and had a larger effect size on wives (pooled MD: 0.53 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.80, I2 = 74.1% p = 0.0001) than husbands RS (pooled MD: 0.26 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.76, I2 = 72.4% p = 0.0001). In RC (relationship communication) area, the Enhancement programs showed the small to large effect on CRC (pooled MD: 1.31 (95% CI = 0.13 to 2.50, I2 = 94.7% p = 0.0001)) and educational programs showed small to medium effect (pooled MD: 0.32 (95% CI = 0.13 to 0.50, I2 = 74.5% p = 0.0001) on women and no effect on men. Conclusion Due to the high effect of the therapy programs on CRS and enhancement program on CRC in the current meta-analysis, the priority of their utilizations in interventions, especially by psychologists and mental health professionals, should be emphasized. Therefore, mental health planning in communities to develop MRP and care for couples’ health should be given special attention to men’s health. Due to the high heterogeneity of the results and with scanty literature in this specific domain, we are uncertain about their actual effect. However, well-designed RCTs with a larger sample size would be beneficial in closely examining the effect of MRPs on CRS and CRC.
Zeinab Javadivala; Hamid Allahverdipour; Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi; Somaye Azimi; Neda Gilani; Vijay Kumar Chattu. Improved couple satisfaction and communication with marriage and relationship programs: are there gender differences?—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic Reviews 2021, 10, 1 -14.
AMA StyleZeinab Javadivala, Hamid Allahverdipour, Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi, Somaye Azimi, Neda Gilani, Vijay Kumar Chattu. Improved couple satisfaction and communication with marriage and relationship programs: are there gender differences?—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic Reviews. 2021; 10 (1):1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZeinab Javadivala; Hamid Allahverdipour; Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi; Somaye Azimi; Neda Gilani; Vijay Kumar Chattu. 2021. "Improved couple satisfaction and communication with marriage and relationship programs: are there gender differences?—a systematic review and meta-analysis." Systematic Reviews 10, no. 1: 1-14.
Vijay Kumar Chattu; Claudia Abreu Lopes; Sumbal Javed; Sanni Yaya. Fulfilling the promise of digital health interventions (DHI) to promote women’s sexual, reproductive and mental health in the aftermath of COVID-19. Reproductive Health 2021, 18, 1 -8.
AMA StyleVijay Kumar Chattu, Claudia Abreu Lopes, Sumbal Javed, Sanni Yaya. Fulfilling the promise of digital health interventions (DHI) to promote women’s sexual, reproductive and mental health in the aftermath of COVID-19. Reproductive Health. 2021; 18 (1):1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVijay Kumar Chattu; Claudia Abreu Lopes; Sumbal Javed; Sanni Yaya. 2021. "Fulfilling the promise of digital health interventions (DHI) to promote women’s sexual, reproductive and mental health in the aftermath of COVID-19." Reproductive Health 18, no. 1: 1-8.
Social distancing, also referred to as physical distancing, means creating a safe distance of at least two meters (six feet) between yourself and others. This is a term popularized during the COVID-19 pandemic, as it is one of the most important measures to prevent the spread of this virus. However, the term ‘social distancing’ can be misleading, as it may imply that individuals should stop socializing. However, socializing in a safe context (i.e. over the phone, video-chat, etc.) is especially important during this time of crisis. Therefore, in this narrative review, we suggest the term ‘distant socializing’ as more apt expression, to promote physical distancing measures while also highlighting the importance of maintaining social bonds. Further, articles discussing the practice, implementation, measurement, and mental health effects of physical distancing are reviewed. Physical distancing is associated with psychiatric symptoms (such as anxiety and depression), suicidal ideation, and domestic violence. Further, unemployment and job insecurity have significantly increased during COVID-19, which may exacerbate these negative mental health effects. Governments, medical institutions, and public health bodies should therefore consider increasing mental health resources both during and after the pandemic, with a specific focus on frontline workers, COVID-19 survivors, and marginalized communities.
Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal; Sophie R. Vaccarino; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Nevin F.W. Zaki; Ahmed S. BaHammam; Dilshad Manzar; G J M Maestroni; Deborah Suchecki; Adam Moscovitch; Ferdinand Zizi; Girardin Jean-Louis; Meera Narasimhan; Chellamuthu Ramasubramanian; Ilya Trakht; Mary V. Seeman; John M Shneerson; Michael Maes; Russel J Reiter; Sidney H. Kennedy. ‘Distant socializing,’ not ‘social distancing’ as a public health strategy for COVID-19. Pathogens and Global Health 2021, 1 -8.
AMA StyleSeithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal, Sophie R. Vaccarino, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Nevin F.W. Zaki, Ahmed S. BaHammam, Dilshad Manzar, G J M Maestroni, Deborah Suchecki, Adam Moscovitch, Ferdinand Zizi, Girardin Jean-Louis, Meera Narasimhan, Chellamuthu Ramasubramanian, Ilya Trakht, Mary V. Seeman, John M Shneerson, Michael Maes, Russel J Reiter, Sidney H. Kennedy. ‘Distant socializing,’ not ‘social distancing’ as a public health strategy for COVID-19. Pathogens and Global Health. 2021; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal; Sophie R. Vaccarino; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Nevin F.W. Zaki; Ahmed S. BaHammam; Dilshad Manzar; G J M Maestroni; Deborah Suchecki; Adam Moscovitch; Ferdinand Zizi; Girardin Jean-Louis; Meera Narasimhan; Chellamuthu Ramasubramanian; Ilya Trakht; Mary V. Seeman; John M Shneerson; Michael Maes; Russel J Reiter; Sidney H. Kennedy. 2021. "‘Distant socializing,’ not ‘social distancing’ as a public health strategy for COVID-19." Pathogens and Global Health , no. : 1-8.
Background: Several studies assessed the level of knowledge and general public behavior on human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in India. However, comprehensive scrutiny of literature is essential for any decision-making process. Our objective was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the level of knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS in India. Methods: A systematic search using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and free terms was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar databases to investigate the level of knowledge and attitude of HIV/AIDS in India population. Cross-sectional studies published in English from January 2010 to November 2020 were included. The identified articles were screened in multiple levels of title, abstract and full-text and final studies that met the inclusion criteria were retrieved and included in the study. The methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s checklist for cross-sectional studies. Estimates with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each domain were pooled to examine the level of knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS in India. Results: A total of 47 studies (n= 307 501) were identified, and 43 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The overall level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS was 75% (95% CI: 69-80%; I2 = 99.8%), and a higher level of knowledge was observed among female sex workers (FSWs) 89% (95% CI: 77-100%, I2 = 99.5%) than students (77%, 95% CI: 67-87%, I2 = 99.6%) and the general population (70%, 95% CI: 62-79%, I2 = 99.2%), respectively. However, HIV/AIDS attitude was suboptimal (60%, 95% CI: 51-69%, I2 = 99.2%). Students (58%, 95% CI: 38-77%, I2 = 99.7%), people living with HIV/AIDS (57%, 95% CI: 44-71%, I2 = 92.7%), the general population (71%, 95% CI: 62-80%, I2 = 94.5%), and healthcare workers (HCWs) (74%, 95% CI: 63-84%, I2 = 0.0%) had a positive attitude towards HIV/AIDS. The methodological quality of included studies was "moderate" according to Joanna Briggs Institute’s checklist. Funnel plots are asymmetry and the Egger’s regression test and Begg’s rank test identified risk of publication bias. Conclusion: The level of knowledge was 75%, and 40% had a negative attitude. This information would help formulate appropriate policies by various departments, ministries and educational institutions to incorporate in their training, capacity building and advocacy programs. Improving the knowledge and changing the attitudes among the Indian population remains crucial for the success of India’s HIV/AIDS response.
Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula; Cain C. T. Clark; Rishabh Sharma; Manik Chhabra; Kota Vidyasagar; Vijay Kumar Chattu. Knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 studies from 2010-2020. Health Promotion Perspectives 2021, 11, 148 -160.
AMA StyleAkshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Cain C. T. Clark, Rishabh Sharma, Manik Chhabra, Kota Vidyasagar, Vijay Kumar Chattu. Knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 studies from 2010-2020. Health Promotion Perspectives. 2021; 11 (2):148-160.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula; Cain C. T. Clark; Rishabh Sharma; Manik Chhabra; Kota Vidyasagar; Vijay Kumar Chattu. 2021. "Knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 studies from 2010-2020." Health Promotion Perspectives 11, no. 2: 148-160.
Dyslipidemia plays an essential role in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The role of lipids and lipoproteins in the early pre-disease state of CKD in hypertensive patients is still unclear. The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between early renal dysfunction and lipid profile parameters among hypertensive patients in Kazakhstan. From April 2015 to December 2016, 800 Kazakh males and females with primary hypertension who met the inclusion criteria were included in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected on socio-demographics, lifestyle parameters, family history of cardiovascular disease, and hypertension. Additionally, Dietary Quality Score (DQS), anthropometric data, and blood pressure were recorded. Laboratory blood measurements included eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate), lipid profile parameters such as Apolipoprotein B, A1, HDL-C, LDL-C, and TG. We found a linear relationship between early renal dysfunction and LDL-C, Apolipoprotein B, and Apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio, which was in all cases negative and small (r = −0.27, −0.23 and −0.16, respectively). Apolipoprotein A1, HDL-C and TG have not revealed a linear relationship with GFR (r = −0.06, r = −0.06, and ρ = −0.045, respectively). The multicollinearity test restricted the linear model to Apolipoprotein B only. Further linear regression analysis confirmed an inverse significant linear association between eGFR and Apolipoprotein B. Age, DQS, and income appear to be positive confounding factors, significantly fitted the final model. ROC analysis had proven the predictive power of Apolipoprotein B in pre-CKD eGFR decline before and after adjustment for age, DQS and income (AUC = 0.62 and AUC = 0.77, respectively). For differentiating non-diabetic subjects with and without pre-CKD eGFR decrease, 1.05 g/L and 0.98 g/L are likely to be optimal cutoff points in males and females, respectively. These findings will help early prediction of renal dysfunction and contribute to a more accurate estimation of CVD risk.
Alma Nurtazina; Dana Kozhakhmetova; Daulet Dautov; Nurzhanat Khaidarova; Vijay Chattu. Association of Early Renal Dysfunction with Lipid Profile Parameters among Hypertensives in Kazakhstan. Diagnostics 2021, 11, 871 .
AMA StyleAlma Nurtazina, Dana Kozhakhmetova, Daulet Dautov, Nurzhanat Khaidarova, Vijay Chattu. Association of Early Renal Dysfunction with Lipid Profile Parameters among Hypertensives in Kazakhstan. Diagnostics. 2021; 11 (5):871.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlma Nurtazina; Dana Kozhakhmetova; Daulet Dautov; Nurzhanat Khaidarova; Vijay Chattu. 2021. "Association of Early Renal Dysfunction with Lipid Profile Parameters among Hypertensives in Kazakhstan." Diagnostics 11, no. 5: 871.
The COVID-19 pandemic is considerably the biggest global health challenge of this modern era. Spreading across all regions of the world, this corona virus disease has disrupted even some of the most advanced economies and healthcare systems. With an increasing global death toll and no near end in sight, questions on the efficacy of global response mechanisms, including the role and relevancy of global health institutions, have emerged. Using a reflexive content analytic approach, this study sheds light on some of these questions, underscoring the disconnect between science, policymaking, and society. Global health funding approaches; politicization of the pandemic, including political blame gaming; mistrust of government and other institutions; and a lack of robust accountability measures are some of the pandemic response obstacles. However, COVID-19 has also presented an opportunity for a collaboration that may potentially solidify global solidarity. A pandemic response built on strategic global health diplomacy, vaccine diplomacy, and science diplomacy can spur both political and economic benefits, advancing development, health security, and justice. The virus thrives and flourishes in face of political divisions and lack of cooperation. While the current global crisis has exacerbated the existing social injustices in societies, national unity and global solidarity is essential to winning the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic.
Mohammed AlKhaldi; Nigel James; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Sara Ahmed; Hamza Meghari; Kirsty Kaiser; Carel Ijsselmuiden; Marcel Tanner. Rethinking and strengthening the Global Health Diplomacy through triangulated nexus between policy makers, scientists and the community in light of COVID-19 global crisis. Global Health Research and Policy 2021, 6, 1 -6.
AMA StyleMohammed AlKhaldi, Nigel James, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Sara Ahmed, Hamza Meghari, Kirsty Kaiser, Carel Ijsselmuiden, Marcel Tanner. Rethinking and strengthening the Global Health Diplomacy through triangulated nexus between policy makers, scientists and the community in light of COVID-19 global crisis. Global Health Research and Policy. 2021; 6 (1):1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed AlKhaldi; Nigel James; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Sara Ahmed; Hamza Meghari; Kirsty Kaiser; Carel Ijsselmuiden; Marcel Tanner. 2021. "Rethinking and strengthening the Global Health Diplomacy through triangulated nexus between policy makers, scientists and the community in light of COVID-19 global crisis." Global Health Research and Policy 6, no. 1: 1-6.
(1) Background: Society and public policy have been remained interwoven since the inception of the modern state. Public health policy has been one of the important elements of the public administration of the Government of India (GOI). In order to universalize healthcare facilities for all, the GOI has formulated and implemented the national health policy (NHP). The latest NHP (2017) has been focused on the “Health in All” approach. On the other hand, the ongoing pandemic COVID-19 had left critical impacts on India’s health, healthcare system, and human security. The paper’s main focus is to critically examine the existing healthcare facilities and the GOI’s response to combat the COVID-19 apropos the NHP 2017. The paper suggests policy options that can be adopted to prevent the further expansion of the pandemic and prepare the country for future health emergency-like situations. (2) Methods: Extensive literature search was done in various databases, such as Scopus, Web of Science, Medline/PubMed, and google scholar search engines to gather relevant information in the Indian context. (3) Results: Notwithstanding the several combatting steps on a war-footing level, COVID-19 has placed an extra burden over the already overstretched healthcare infrastructure. Consequently, infected cases and deaths have been growing exponentially, making India stand in second place among the top ten COVID-19-infected countries. (4) Conclusions: India needs to expand the public healthcare system and enhance the expenditure as per the set goals in NHP-17 and WHO standards. The private healthcare system has not been proved reliable during the emergency. Only the public health system is suitable for the country wherein the population’s substantial size is rural and poor.
Priya Gauttam; Nitesh Patel; Bawa Singh; Jaspal Kaur; Vijay Chattu; Mihajlo Jakovljevic. Public Health Policy of India and COVID-19: Diagnosis and Prognosis of the Combating Response. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3415 .
AMA StylePriya Gauttam, Nitesh Patel, Bawa Singh, Jaspal Kaur, Vijay Chattu, Mihajlo Jakovljevic. Public Health Policy of India and COVID-19: Diagnosis and Prognosis of the Combating Response. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3415.
Chicago/Turabian StylePriya Gauttam; Nitesh Patel; Bawa Singh; Jaspal Kaur; Vijay Chattu; Mihajlo Jakovljevic. 2021. "Public Health Policy of India and COVID-19: Diagnosis and Prognosis of the Combating Response." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3415.
This paper centers around blockchain-based health services frameworks and presents an extensive review on current work, distinguishing existing and arising difficulties in sleep medicine. We attempt to combine health care, especially sleep medicine, allied with blockchain technology. It addresses the capability of blockchain innovation and how it can potentially be a game-changer in sleep medicine. In the field of sleep health, blockchain technology can improve electronic medical records and health information exchange. Examinations around blockchain are unraveling digital identity, privacy, protection, and security issues in the sleep medical services field. With educated information regarding a patient’s history, doctors can settle on brief clinical choices for secure and more effective consideration. Blockchain improves persistent results, improve consistency, lower costs, and empower better utilization of sleep medicine services related information. The framework will guarantee continued assurance and security concerning medical care information necessities in general and sleep medicine in specific.
Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal; Sagar Santaji; Veena V. Desai; Thankam Sunil; Vijay Kumar Chattu. The Blockchain Never Sleeps: How Can Blockchain Technology Transform Sleep Medicine? Sleep and Vigilance 2021, 5, 17 -27.
AMA StyleSeithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal, Sagar Santaji, Veena V. Desai, Thankam Sunil, Vijay Kumar Chattu. The Blockchain Never Sleeps: How Can Blockchain Technology Transform Sleep Medicine? Sleep and Vigilance. 2021; 5 (1):17-27.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal; Sagar Santaji; Veena V. Desai; Thankam Sunil; Vijay Kumar Chattu. 2021. "The Blockchain Never Sleeps: How Can Blockchain Technology Transform Sleep Medicine?" Sleep and Vigilance 5, no. 1: 17-27.
BACKGROUND Referral linkages are crucial for efficient functioning of Primary Health Care (PHC) systems. Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR) is an open global standard that facilitates structuring health information for coordinated exchange amongst stakeholders. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to profile, present methodology and the profiled FHIR resource for Maternal and Child Health (MNCH) referral use case in a typical Low-and-Middle-Income-Country (LMIC). METHODS Practicing doctors, midwives, and nurses were interviewed, and different referral forms reviewed. In this study, we have introduced the FHIR and its relation to the WHO International Classification for Disease (ICD). The union of datasets were aggregated and mapped to base patient FHIR resource elements, and extensions were created for datasets not in the core FHIR specification. RESULTS We found that there were many different data elements from the referral forms and interview responses. The resulting FHIR standard profile is published on GitHub for adaptation or adoption as necessary. Understanding datasets used in healthcare and clinical practice for information sharing is crucial in properly standardizing information sharing particularly as the world manage COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. This methodology and profiled dataset can be used by development organizations, and governments to fast-track FHIR standards adoption for paper and electronic information sharing at PHCs in LMICs. CONCLUSIONS We presented our methodology for profiling the referral resource crucial for the standardized exchange of new and expectant moms’ information. Using data from frontline providers and mapped to the FHIR profile helped contextualize the standardized profile.
Emeka Chukwu; Lalit Garg; Nkiruka Obande-Ogbuinya; Vijay Chattu. Standardizing Primary Healthcare referral datasets: Interviews, form-reviews, and FHIR profiling (Preprint). 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleEmeka Chukwu, Lalit Garg, Nkiruka Obande-Ogbuinya, Vijay Chattu. Standardizing Primary Healthcare referral datasets: Interviews, form-reviews, and FHIR profiling (Preprint). . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmeka Chukwu; Lalit Garg; Nkiruka Obande-Ogbuinya; Vijay Chattu. 2021. "Standardizing Primary Healthcare referral datasets: Interviews, form-reviews, and FHIR profiling (Preprint)." , no. : 1.
Background: Africa is facing the triple burden of communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and nutritional disorders. Multilateral institutions, bilateral arrangements, and philanthropies have historically privileged economic development over health concerns. That focus has resulted in weak health systems and inadequate preparedness when there are outbreaks of diseases. This review aims to understand the politics of disease control in Africa and global health diplomacy’s (GHD’s) critical role.
Vijay Kumar Chattu; W. Andy Knight; Anil Adisesh; Sanni Yaya; K. Srikanth Reddy; Erica Di Ruggiero; Obijiofor Aginam; Garry Aslanyan; Michael Clarke; M. Rashad Massoud; Ashish Jha. Politics of disease control in Africa and the critical role of global health diplomacy: A systematic review. 2021, 11, 20 -31.
AMA StyleVijay Kumar Chattu, W. Andy Knight, Anil Adisesh, Sanni Yaya, K. Srikanth Reddy, Erica Di Ruggiero, Obijiofor Aginam, Garry Aslanyan, Michael Clarke, M. Rashad Massoud, Ashish Jha. Politics of disease control in Africa and the critical role of global health diplomacy: A systematic review. . 2021; 11 (1):20-31.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVijay Kumar Chattu; W. Andy Knight; Anil Adisesh; Sanni Yaya; K. Srikanth Reddy; Erica Di Ruggiero; Obijiofor Aginam; Garry Aslanyan; Michael Clarke; M. Rashad Massoud; Ashish Jha. 2021. "Politics of disease control in Africa and the critical role of global health diplomacy: A systematic review." 11, no. 1: 20-31.
Background: Africa is facing the triple burden of communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and nutritional disorders. Multilateral institutions, bilateral arrangements, and philanthropies have historically privileged economic development over health concerns. That focus has resulted in weak health systems and inadequate preparedness when there are outbreaks of diseases. This review aims to understand the politics of disease control in Africa and global health diplomacy’s (GHD’s) critical role. Methods: A literature review was done in Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Google scholar search engines. Keywords included MeSH and common terms related to the topics: "Politics," "disease control," "epidemics/ endemics," and "global health diplomacy" in the "African" context. The resources also included reports of World Health Organization, United Nations and resolutions of the World Health Assembly (WHA). Results: African countries continue to struggle in their attempts to build health systems for disease control that are robust enough to tackle the frequent epidemics that plague the continent. The politics of disease control requires the crafting of cooperative partnerships to accommodate the divergent interests of multiple actors. Recent outbreaks of COVID-19 and Ebola had a significant impact on African economies. It is extremely important to prioritize health in the African development agendas. The African Union (AU) should leverage the momentum of the rise of GHD to (i) navigate the politics of global health governance in an interconnected world(ii) develop robust preparedness and disease response strategies to tackle emerging and reemerging disease epidemics in the region (iii) address the linkages between health and broader human security issues driven by climate change-induced food, water, and other insecurities (iv) mobilize resources and capacities to train health officials in the craft of diplomacy. Conclusion: The AU, Regional Economic Communities (RECs), and African Centres for Disease Control should harmonize their plans and strategies and align them towards a common goal that integrates health in African development agendas. The AU must innovatively harness the practice and tools of GHD towards developing the necessary partnerships with relevant actors in the global health arena to achieve the health targets of the Sustainable Development Goals.
Vijay Kumar Chattu; W. Andy Knight; Anil Adisesh; Sanni Yaya; K. Srikanth Reddy; Erica Di Ruggiero; Obijiofor Aginam; Garry Aslanyan; Michael Clarke; M. Rashad Massoud; Ashish Jha. Politics of disease control in Africa and the critical role of global health diplomacy: A systematic review. Health Promotion Perspectives 2021, 11, 20 -31.
AMA StyleVijay Kumar Chattu, W. Andy Knight, Anil Adisesh, Sanni Yaya, K. Srikanth Reddy, Erica Di Ruggiero, Obijiofor Aginam, Garry Aslanyan, Michael Clarke, M. Rashad Massoud, Ashish Jha. Politics of disease control in Africa and the critical role of global health diplomacy: A systematic review. Health Promotion Perspectives. 2021; 11 (1):20-31.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVijay Kumar Chattu; W. Andy Knight; Anil Adisesh; Sanni Yaya; K. Srikanth Reddy; Erica Di Ruggiero; Obijiofor Aginam; Garry Aslanyan; Michael Clarke; M. Rashad Massoud; Ashish Jha. 2021. "Politics of disease control in Africa and the critical role of global health diplomacy: A systematic review." Health Promotion Perspectives 11, no. 1: 20-31.
Global health diplomacy has gained significant importance and undoubtedly remained high on the agendas of many nations, regional and global platforms amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many countries have realized the importance of the health sector and the value of a healthy workforce. However, there is little control on issues related to trade that impact on human health due to the dominance of profit-oriented business lobbies. A balance, however, needs to be struck between economic profits and a healthy global population. This paper aimed to highlight the importance of building capacity in global health diplomacy, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic so that health personnel may effectively negotiate on the multisectoral stage to secure the resources they need. The recent proposal to waive off certain provisions of the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement for the prevention, containment and treatment of COVID-19 by India and South Africa at the World Trade Organization (WTO) presents an important opportunity for all governments to unite and stand up for public health, global solidarity, and equitable access at the international level so that both developed and developing nations may enjoy improved health outcomes related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Vijay Kumar Chattu; Shalini Pooransingh; Hamid Allahverdipour. Global health diplomacy at the intersection of trade and health in the COVID-19 era. Health Promotion Perspectives 2021, 11, 1 -4.
AMA StyleVijay Kumar Chattu, Shalini Pooransingh, Hamid Allahverdipour. Global health diplomacy at the intersection of trade and health in the COVID-19 era. Health Promotion Perspectives. 2021; 11 (1):1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVijay Kumar Chattu; Shalini Pooransingh; Hamid Allahverdipour. 2021. "Global health diplomacy at the intersection of trade and health in the COVID-19 era." Health Promotion Perspectives 11, no. 1: 1-4.
Global health diplomacy has gained significant importance and undoubtedly remained high on the agendas of many nations, regional and global platforms amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many countries have realized the importance of the health sector and the value of a healthy workforce. However, there is little control on issues related to trade that impact on human health due to the dominance of profit-oriented business lobbies. A balance, however, needs to be struck between economic profits and a healthy global population. This paper aimed to highlight the importance of building capacity in global health diplomacy, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic so that health personnel may effectively negotiate on the multisectoral stage to secure the resources they need. The recent proposal to waive off certain provisions of the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement for the prevention, containment and treatment of COVID-19 by India and South Africa at the World Trade Organization (WTO) presents an important opportunity for all governments to unite and stand up for public health, global solidarity, and equitable access at the international level so that both developed and developing nations may enjoy improved health outcomes related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Vijay Kumar Chattu; Shalini Pooransingh; Hamid Allahverdipour. Global health diplomacy at the intersection of trade and health in the COVID-19 era. 2021, 11, 1 -4.
AMA StyleVijay Kumar Chattu, Shalini Pooransingh, Hamid Allahverdipour. Global health diplomacy at the intersection of trade and health in the COVID-19 era. . 2021; 11 (1):1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVijay Kumar Chattu; Shalini Pooransingh; Hamid Allahverdipour. 2021. "Global health diplomacy at the intersection of trade and health in the COVID-19 era." 11, no. 1: 1-4.
(1) Background: As of 13 December 2020, Afghanistan reported around 48,952 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 1960 deaths. Lack of knowledge and perceptions among healthcare workers (HCWs) can pose challenges to disease control. Therefore, targeted, timely assessment of knowledge and perceptions are needed to address practices that might hinder efforts to stop the spreading of COVID-19 in Afghanistan. This study aimed to assess COVID-19-related knowledge, perceptions, and risk prevention practices (KPP) among frontline HCWs in Afghanistan; (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with the support of field teams who were deployed in Afghanistan, surveyed from 14 to 22 April 2020 in eight provinces in Afghanistan with varying cumulative incidence of COVID-19 cases. A 28-item KPP survey instrument was adapted from other internationally validated questionnaires related to COVID-19. (3) Results: The survey was conducted among 213 frontline HCWs engaged in screening and treating COVID-19 patients. Survey results indicated that basic awareness of COVID-19 was 100% across all the participants. Knowledge and understanding of COVID-19 transmission, symptoms, incubation period and complications associated with COVID-19 are comprehensive and high (>90%), except available treatment for COVID-19 (84%). HCWs’ perceptions towards the prevention and control of COVID-19 were positive. However, only 63% believed that the use of N-95 face masks and disposable and fluid-resistant gowns (76%) could prevent COVID-19 transmission. This survey showed high knowledge and positive perception (72%), and only 48% of frontline HCWs had shown risk prevention practices. Addressing their perceptions and placing additional focus on practices across all health facilities is recommended as a preparedness measure.
Akshaya Bhagavathula; Vijay Raghavan; Akbar Ahmadi; Dipankar Srirag; Vijay Chattu. Frontline Healthcare Workers’ Knowledge, Perception and Risk Prevention Practices Regarding COVID-19 in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Medical Sciences 2021, 9, 2 .
AMA StyleAkshaya Bhagavathula, Vijay Raghavan, Akbar Ahmadi, Dipankar Srirag, Vijay Chattu. Frontline Healthcare Workers’ Knowledge, Perception and Risk Prevention Practices Regarding COVID-19 in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Medical Sciences. 2021; 9 (1):2.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkshaya Bhagavathula; Vijay Raghavan; Akbar Ahmadi; Dipankar Srirag; Vijay Chattu. 2021. "Frontline Healthcare Workers’ Knowledge, Perception and Risk Prevention Practices Regarding COVID-19 in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study." Medical Sciences 9, no. 1: 2.