In view of the recent education sectoral transition to Education 4.0 (EDUC4), evaluating the preparedness of higher education institutions (HEIs) for EDUC4 implementation remains a gap in the current literature. Through a comprehensive review, seven criteria were evaluated, namely, human resources, infrastructure, financial, linkages, educational management, learners, and health and environment. This work offers two crucial contributions: (1) the development of an EDUC4 preparedness indicator system and (2) the design of a computational structure that evaluates each indicator and computes an aggregate preparedness level for an HEI. Using the full consistency method (FUCOM) to assign the priority weights of EDUC4 criteria and the rough set theory to capture the ambiguity and imprecision inherent in the measurement, this study offers an aggregate EDUC4 preparedness index to holistically capture the overall preparedness index of an HEI towards EDUC4. An actual case study is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed indicator system. After a thorough evaluation, the results indicate that human resources were the most critical criterion, while health and environment ranked last. Insights obtained from the study provide HEIs with salient information necessary for decision making in various aspects, including the design of targeted policies and the allocation of resources conducive to implementing EDUC4 initiatives. The proposed indicator system can be a valuable tool to guide HEIs in pursuing EDUC4, resulting in a more effective and efficient implementation of this educational paradigm.

Urban green spaces enhance human well-being, offer ecosystem services, and support sustainable urban development. This study evaluated the carrying capacity of urban parks and recreation areas in Danao City, specifically the Boardwalk, Rizal Plaza, Children's Paradise, and Sands Gateway, focusing on their impact on residents' physical and mental health. The study revealed that Boardwalk has the highest carrying capacity with 909 visitors, followed by Children’s Paradise, Rizal Park, and Sands Gateway, with 291, 256, and 131 visitors on average per day. Through surveys and observational data, the research examines the usage, satisfaction, level of overcrowding, most bothersome aspects, and capacity of these parks. The study shows that the parks' cleanliness and maintenance received the highest customer satisfaction rating, while restroom facilities scored lower. The findings underscore the significant role of green spaces in reducing stress, promoting physical activity, and enhancing mental health. The study emphasized the need to maintain and improve these spaces to cater to the increasing urban population. Recommendations include enhancing cleanliness, expanding parking facilities, improving safety measures, and increasing amenities like benches and shaded areas. Understanding the carrying capacity is crucial to ensuring these parks can accommodate visitors without environmental degradation, thus preserving their benefits for residents. This research highlights the importance of urban green spaces in creating livable, sustainable cities and calls for strategic planning and management to optimize their use and conservation.

This study focused on the relevance of the population count, average household size, and the change of climate within the given years. The research aimed to assess whether climate change has a significant impact on the human population and household size in the community of Brgy. Ibo, Lapu-Lapu City. The researchers used the qualitative data method to gain insight and analyse trends over time; data were mined through the census of PhilAtlas and data from Weather Underground. The researchers examined the data over five years. The researchers found that there was a gradual increase in population from the year 2000 to 2020, and the highest population count was in 2020. On average, the household size decreased from 1995 to 2015, with 2015 having the lowest number of people per household. The highest temperature recorded in 2010 was the lowest in 2000.The researchers projected forecasts in terms of year and temperature, and there was a decrease in temperature for the year 2025 compared to the year 2024. After 2025, there was a gradual rise in temperature in 2030. The projected data revealed an increase in the population, indicating that there is a significant relationship between year and population.

The flora species assessment conducted in the Central Cebu Protected Landscape in the Danao Area utilized the quadrat method to investigate the living organisms in this ecologically significant region. This study aimed to provide information about species distribution, richness, and diversity to inform conservation strategies and management methods. Significant data were gathered by conducting systematic surveys of flora species and monitoring interactions among quadrats to improve the understanding of the area's flora species. The approach involved establishing ten square sampling sites at random locations in Barangay Licos, Danao city, within the CCPL, with each quadrat having a size of 2x2 meters. GPS-enabled smartphone apps were used to ensure a uniform sample across the study region. The researchers carried out a thorough assessment by prioritizing minimal invasiveness and acquiring relevant permits, which will guide future studies and conservation projects. The findings showed the wide range and complexity of the 3,120,000 estimated population of flora in the protected area, highlighting the importance of ongoing monitoring and conservation efforts to preserve the ecosystem. Overall, the detailed findings and data gathered from this flora species assessment provide significant data on the inventory of species found in the Central Cebu Protected Landscape, helping to preserve the region's unique natural heritage.