Background: The new frontiers of computer-based surgery, technology, and material advances, have allowed for customized 3D printed manufacturing to become widespread in guided bone regeneration (GBR) in oral implantology. The shape, structural, mechanical, and biological manufacturing characteristics achieved through 3D printing technologies allow for the customization of implant-prosthetic rehabilitations and GBR procedures according to patient-specific needs, reducing complications and surgery time. Therefore, the present narrative review aims to elucidate the 3D-printing digital radiographic process, materials, indications, 3D printed manufacturing-controlled characteristics, histological findings, complications, patient-reported outcomes, and short- and long-term clinical considerations of customized 3D printed mesh, membranes, bone substitutes, and dental implants applied to GBR in oral implantology. Methods: An electronic search was performed through MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, BioMed Central, and Web of Science until 30 June 2024. Results: Three-dimensionally printed titanium meshes and bone substitutes registered successful outcomes in vertical/horizontal bone defect regeneration. Three-dimensionally printed polymeric membranes could link the advantages of conventional resorbable and non-resorbable membranes. Few data on customized 3D printed dental implants and abutments are available, but in vitro and animal studies have shown new promising designs that could improve their mechanical properties and tribocorrosion-associated complications. Conclusions: While 3D printing technology has demonstrated potential in GBR, additional human studies are needed to evaluate the short- and long-term follow-up of peri-implant bone levels and volumes following prosthetic functional loading.

Background and Objectives: To achieve success in endodontic treatment, it is essential to properly perform the steps of shaping, cleansing and obturation. Determining the working length of the canal is, therefore, a process that must be precise and accurate. Electronic apex locators are a useful tool for the clinician to best perform this step of endodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: The purpose of the following umbrella review is to evaluate, through data in the literature, the degree of accuracy of apex locators. Results: Seven systematic reviews were included in the following umbrella review. Five compare the accuracy of apex locators versus radiographic techniques, two compare different types of electronic apex locators, and two analyze the determination of working length in primary teeth. Conclusions: From the results obtained from the following umbrella review, albeit at low levels of evidence, the methods for determining working length using electronic apex locators and other methods, particularly using radiographic evaluation, are equally valid.

Background/Objectives: Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative enamel defect affecting pediatric populations, predisposing to hypersensitivity, caries, and post-eruptive breakdown, and potentially impacting oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Therefore, the primary aim of the present umbrella review was to evaluate the overall OHRQoL among pediatric subjects with MIH, as well as individual domains from both children and parents. Secondary aims were to evaluate the influence of MIH severity, extent/distribution pattern, age, and dentition status on overall- and domain-specific OHRQoL outcomes, and to assess the impact of different dental treatments on OHRQoL. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines and PROSPERO registration, six systematic reviews were included. To address metric heterogeneity, mean scores were normalized into a 0–100% descriptive percentage impact index. Treatment-related changes were calculated as percentage improvements. Results: A total of 4028 respondents (3193 children and 835 parents/caregivers) were evaluated for OHRQoL. The overall impact on children and parents was highest in the oral domain (26.43%), followed by the psychological (20.25%), functional (19.50%), and social (11.75%) domains. Parental underestimation of MIH was consistently observed across all domains. Children in early mixed dentition reported a higher perceived impact than those in late mixed/permanent dentition (26.77% vs. 14.43%). In an exploratory subsample (n = 494), MIH severity appeared to impact OHRQoL, particularly in oral and functional domains. Overall, post-treatment OHRQoL improved across all domains, although evaluated in a limited sample (n = 491). Conclusions: MIH showed a relevant impact on pediatric OHRQoL. Notably, children consistently report a greater perceived impact than parents, suggesting potential parental underestimation. However, findings regarding dentition stage, MIH severity, and post-treatment improvements should be interpreted with caution, as heterogeneity in assessment tools, limited subsamples, and variable follow-up intervals precludes definitive conclusions.