Background: Yin Huo Tang (YHT), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, is effectively used for the clinical treatment of menopause-like symptoms in China. This study aimed to investigate its efficacy on menopause-like symptoms in mice using behavioral tests and histopathological assessment, and to determine its possible mechanism of action based on network pharmacology.Methods: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology was used to identify the potential active ingredients of YHT. In mice, menopause-like symptoms were induced by combination of bilateral ovariectomy and empty bottle stimulation. The mice were then treated with the YHT aqueous extract for three weeks. Behavior, sleep state, body weight, organ index, and histomorphology were analyzed separately. Additionally, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to predict the mechanisms underlying the action of YHT. Finally, serum estradiol was quantified to preliminarily verify the results of network pharmacology.Results: YHT not only improved the behavior of mice (attack and explore behavior reduced; modify behavior increased) but also ameliorated the sleep state (sleep time increased and incubation time reduced). YHT reduced body weight, increased uterine weight, and improved the histomorphology of some organs. Network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses revealed that the estrogen signaling pathway might play a key role in attenuating menopause-like symptoms. Furthermore, YHT treatment reversed the reduction in serum estradiol levels.Conclusions: YHT alleviates menopause-like symptoms in a mouse model, providing a rationale for using it as a potential therapeutic strategy.

Postoperative ileus (POI) remains a prevalent and significant challenge following abdominal surgeries, precipitating patient distress, prolonged hospital stays, and escalated medical expenditures. Conventionally addressed via pharmacological interventions, POI is increasingly being explored through adjunctive therapeutic strategies, with acupuncture gaining recognition as a promising option. Acupuncture has demonstrated encouraging potential in promoting gastrointestinal motility in patients with POI. Moreover, recent research has shed light on the therapeutic mechanisms underlying its efficacy. This article aims to present a comprehensive overview of acupuncture as a treatment for POI, highlighting advancements in clinical research and recent elucidations of its mechanistic underpinnings. It aspires to contribute a pivotal reference point for scholars and enthusiasts keen on garnering a deeper understanding of acupuncture’s role in managing POI.

Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is characterized by a reduction in oocyte quantity and quality and involves complex, interconnected pathological mechanisms. This review systematically evaluates bioactive natural products, predominantly derived from Chinese herbal medicines, using a mechanism-first framework, while considering their chemical scaffolds and botanical sources as complementary descriptors. Current evidence indicates that these compounds exert ovarian-protective effects through coordinated regulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, DNA-damage repair and cellular senescence, apoptosis-related signaling, ferroptosis, and autophagy-mitophagy homeostasis. Across granulosa-cell systems and animal models of chemotherapy-induced ovarian injury, irradiation, accelerated aging, and reproductive aging, representative compounds have demonstrated beneficial effects on endocrine function, follicular preservation, mitochondrial homeostasis, oocyte quality, and fertility-related outcomes. Their capacity to modulate multiple interacting pathways may be particularly valuable for DOR, given its multifactorial pathogenesis. Emerging findings further suggest that the effects of apoptosis-, autophagy-, and growth-related signaling are dependent on cell type, pathway status, dose, timing, and disease stage, highlighting restoration of ovarian homeostasis as a central therapeutic principle. Although further studies incorporating rigorous causal validation, ovarian pharmacokinetic characterization, and standardized experimental design are warranted, the available evidence supports these natural products as promising candidates for mechanistic investigation and future therapeutic development in DOR.

To review how artificial intelligence (AI) integrates multimodal data—hormonal, imaging, clinical, and genetic—to improve quantitative and qual