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Dr. Justyna Rybak
Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland

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0 Ecotoxicology
0 Heavy Metals
0 biomonitoring
0 PAHs
0 air pollutants

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Heavy Metals
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air pollutants

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Journal article
Published: 27 July 2021 in Minerals
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Air pollution is monitored mainly in urban or industrial areas, even if it is known that in rural ones, low emission can significantly worsen air quality. Hence, cheap and easily accessible methods of monitoring are needed. Recently, spider webs biomonitoring is getting popular, however, there is no information about its comparison with active methods. In this study, PTEs accumulated on spider webs were compared with results from continuous particulate monitor (CPM). Generally, higher potentially toxic elements concentrations were noted in spider web, with exception in the case of Zn. Zn may be present rather in smaller fractions, hence it needs more time for accumulation on spider web while it is easily collected by CPM. Higher concentrations of other elements on spider webs may result from formation of aggregates which could not be reported in PM10 sampling (CPM). What is more, the order of the most and the least accumulated elements were similar and the percentage share of studied elements was coherent in most cases, proving that this new tool prospers to become commonly used in biomonitoring. Additionally, to identify possible sources of pollution air backward trajectories and trajectory frequencies for Kotórz were prepared based on the HYSPLIT model.

ACS Style

Agnieszka Stojanowska; Tomasz Mach; Tomasz Olszowski; Jan Bihałowicz; Maciej Górka; Justyna Rybak; Małgorzata Rajfur; Paweł Świsłowski. Air Pollution Research Based on Spider Web and Parallel Continuous Particulate Monitoring—A Comparison Study Coupled with Identification of Sources. Minerals 2021, 11, 812 .

AMA Style

Agnieszka Stojanowska, Tomasz Mach, Tomasz Olszowski, Jan Bihałowicz, Maciej Górka, Justyna Rybak, Małgorzata Rajfur, Paweł Świsłowski. Air Pollution Research Based on Spider Web and Parallel Continuous Particulate Monitoring—A Comparison Study Coupled with Identification of Sources. Minerals. 2021; 11 (8):812.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agnieszka Stojanowska; Tomasz Mach; Tomasz Olszowski; Jan Bihałowicz; Maciej Górka; Justyna Rybak; Małgorzata Rajfur; Paweł Świsłowski. 2021. "Air Pollution Research Based on Spider Web and Parallel Continuous Particulate Monitoring—A Comparison Study Coupled with Identification of Sources." Minerals 11, no. 8: 812.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2021 in Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology
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ACS Style

Paulina Łukasik; Magdalena Wróbel; Agnieszka Stojanowska; Farhad Zeynalli; Justyna Rybak. Environmental Health Hazards of the Demolition of the ‘Siechnice’ Smelter Slag Heap. Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology 2021, 22, 74 -85.

AMA Style

Paulina Łukasik, Magdalena Wróbel, Agnieszka Stojanowska, Farhad Zeynalli, Justyna Rybak. Environmental Health Hazards of the Demolition of the ‘Siechnice’ Smelter Slag Heap. Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology. 2021; 22 (4):74-85.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paulina Łukasik; Magdalena Wróbel; Agnieszka Stojanowska; Farhad Zeynalli; Justyna Rybak. 2021. "Environmental Health Hazards of the Demolition of the ‘Siechnice’ Smelter Slag Heap." Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology 22, no. 4: 74-85.

Journal article
Published: 06 May 2021 in Energies
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The paper presents data from a monthly campaign studying the elemental composition of PM10, as measured by a specific receptor in Kotórz Mały (Opole Voivodeship)—located in the vicinity of a moderately inhabited rural area—measured in one-hour samples using a Horiba PX-375 analyzer. The hourly variability of SO2, NO, NO2, CO, and O3 concentrations, as well as the variability of meteorological parameters, was also determined. On average, during the entire measurement period, the elements related to PM10 can be arranged in the following order: As < V < Ni < Pb < Cr < Mn < Cu < Ti < Zn < K < Fe < Ca < Al < Si < S. Trace elements, including toxic elements—such as As, V, Ni, Pb, Cr, and Mn—were present in low concentrations, not exceeding 10 ng/m3 (average daily value). These elements had fairly even concentrations, both daily and hourly. The concentrations of the main elements in the PM10, as measured by the receptor, are subject to strong hourly changes related not only to changes in the structures of the sources identified in the statistical analysis, but also to wind speed and direction changes (soil and sand particle pick-up and inflow of pollutants from coal combustion). It has been shown that the transport emissions measured by the receptor can have an intense effect on PM10 in the afternoon.

ACS Style

Tomasz Mach; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Karolina Bralewska; Grzegorz Majewski; Patrycja Rogula-Kopiec; Justyna Rybak. Impact of Municipal, Road Traffic, and Natural Sources on PM10: The Hourly Variability at a Rural Site in Poland. Energies 2021, 14, 2654 .

AMA Style

Tomasz Mach, Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska, Karolina Bralewska, Grzegorz Majewski, Patrycja Rogula-Kopiec, Justyna Rybak. Impact of Municipal, Road Traffic, and Natural Sources on PM10: The Hourly Variability at a Rural Site in Poland. Energies. 2021; 14 (9):2654.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tomasz Mach; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Karolina Bralewska; Grzegorz Majewski; Patrycja Rogula-Kopiec; Justyna Rybak. 2021. "Impact of Municipal, Road Traffic, and Natural Sources on PM10: The Hourly Variability at a Rural Site in Poland." Energies 14, no. 9: 2654.

Journal article
Published: 16 November 2020 in Minerals
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Previous studies have proven that spider webs can be a reliable tool for magnetic biomonitoring. This study aims to present the magnetic susceptibility values of urban road dust (URD) settled indoors and outdoors, and compare these values with spider webs exposed to indoor and outdoor pollutants, and therefore to discuss their potential environmental implications. The webs of Eratigena atrica, Tegenaria ferruginea, and Agelena labyrinthica (Agelenidae) spiders from outdoor and indoor study sites were investigated, along with dust deposited on filters (indoors) and dust collected from the surrounding neighborhood (outdoors). Magnetic measurements revealed elevated levels of magnetic pollutants at all investigated sites in the city of Wrocław. The indoor/outdoor ratios of mass-specific magnetic susceptibility for the studied samples suggested a prevalence of indoor pollution sources at two of the sites (prosthetic laboratory and environmental science laboratory), whereas the third site (tenement house neighborhood) was dominated by material that presumably originated from predominantly outdoor sources. The indoor/outdoor ratios of magnetic susceptibility for the investigated matrices at the examined sites were highly comparable, which is promising for the utilization of spider webs in magnetic monitoring.

ACS Style

Radosław Rutkowski; Jan Stefan Bihałowicz; Marzena Rachwał; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Justyna Rybak. Magnetic Susceptibility of Spider Webs and Dust: Preliminary Study in Wrocław, Poland. Minerals 2020, 10, 1018 .

AMA Style

Radosław Rutkowski, Jan Stefan Bihałowicz, Marzena Rachwał, Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska, Justyna Rybak. Magnetic Susceptibility of Spider Webs and Dust: Preliminary Study in Wrocław, Poland. Minerals. 2020; 10 (11):1018.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Radosław Rutkowski; Jan Stefan Bihałowicz; Marzena Rachwał; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Justyna Rybak. 2020. "Magnetic Susceptibility of Spider Webs and Dust: Preliminary Study in Wrocław, Poland." Minerals 10, no. 11: 1018.

Journal article
Published: 30 September 2020 in Sustainability
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This paper presents the comparison of heavy metals accumulation in spider webs from Agelenidae family (Eratigena atrica and Agelena labyrinthica) and lichens Hypogymnia physodes, exposed to pollution for two months. Webs were obtained from the laboratory-reared spiders and stretched on Petri dish while lichens were transplanted from Stobrawa Landscape Park into the study area. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb and As were determined in both biomonitors and the elevated values indicated the impact of the copper smelter and surrounding roads. Our study revealed that webs were more sensitive than lichens to emissions of pollutants, and for all of the studied elements, the determined concentrations were much higher for spider webs. The results of similarity tests showed a clear difference among the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Ni and As in lichens and spider webs, with the exception of Pb, suggesting that this element could be accumulated in a similar way by both bioindicators. These differences are probably due to their morphological and ecological dissimilarities suggesting that spider webs should be favorably applied where the use of lichens is improper due to the drought, which is an unfavorable condition for accumulation of elements in lichens, or their limited uptake of elements.

ACS Style

Agnieszka Stojanowska; Justyna Rybak; Marta Bożym; Tomasz Olszowski; Jan Bihałowicz. Spider Webs and Lichens as Bioindicators of Heavy Metals: A Comparison Study in the Vicinity of a Copper Smelter (Poland). Sustainability 2020, 12, 8066 .

AMA Style

Agnieszka Stojanowska, Justyna Rybak, Marta Bożym, Tomasz Olszowski, Jan Bihałowicz. Spider Webs and Lichens as Bioindicators of Heavy Metals: A Comparison Study in the Vicinity of a Copper Smelter (Poland). Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):8066.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agnieszka Stojanowska; Justyna Rybak; Marta Bożym; Tomasz Olszowski; Jan Bihałowicz. 2020. "Spider Webs and Lichens as Bioindicators of Heavy Metals: A Comparison Study in the Vicinity of a Copper Smelter (Poland)." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 8066.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2020 in Journal of Ecological Engineering
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The aim of the research was the study of “Oława” smelter impact on surroundings. For this purpose, water, soil and sediments were collected in the vicinity of smelter and subjected to selected ecotoxicological tests. We used duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza and rotifer Brachinious calyciflorus...

ACS Style

Klaudia Radlińska; Magdalena Wróbel; Agnieszka Stojanowska; Justyna Rybak. Assessment of the “Oława” Smelter (Oława, Southwest Poland) on the Environment with Ecotoxicological Tests. Journal of Ecological Engineering 2020, 21, 186 -191.

AMA Style

Klaudia Radlińska, Magdalena Wróbel, Agnieszka Stojanowska, Justyna Rybak. Assessment of the “Oława” Smelter (Oława, Southwest Poland) on the Environment with Ecotoxicological Tests. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2020; 21 (3):186-191.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Klaudia Radlińska; Magdalena Wróbel; Agnieszka Stojanowska; Justyna Rybak. 2020. "Assessment of the “Oława” Smelter (Oława, Southwest Poland) on the Environment with Ecotoxicological Tests." Journal of Ecological Engineering 21, no. 3: 186-191.

Journal article
Published: 25 March 2020 in Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska
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Pollutants present in road dust deriving from traffic, such as PAHs and other organic compounds or heavy metals, are washed out with rain and get into the water bodies accumulating in sediments for many years and simultaneously posing a threat to aquatic life and significantly affecting water quality. To study the impact of these toxic compounds on the health of living organisms, routine tests of water and sediments chemistry are insufficient as studies based on living organisms are much more reliable. And therefore, in order to know the response of living organisms to road dust pollutants which enter the water bodies the chronic toxicity test OSTRACODTOXKIT F™ was used. This test is based on the observation of development of Heterocypris incongruens that normally lives in sediments. Ostracod, H. incongruens is very sensitive to heavy metal contamination, thus it is a very good tool to study toxicity of road dust washed out with rain into the water bodies. The research was conducted in the Wrocław agglomeration (in the city centre and suburbs) at sites differing in the intensity of car traffic. We observed that road dust had a significant effect on growth inhibition and death of ostracods, as highest growth inhibition and mortality in the busy areas occurred which also corresponded with highest concentrations of studied elements at these sites. On the other hand, road dust collected in the suburbs of Wrocław did not cause death of H. incongruens and only slightly affected their development. In conclusion, we can state that the chronic toxicity test OSTRACODTOXKIT F™ is a suitable tool to study the impact of road dust on the aquatic ecosystem.

ACS Style

Magdalena Wróbel; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Justyna Rybak. Przykłady wykorzystania testu OSTRACODTOXKIT F™ do oceny zanieczyszczenia pyłów drogowych metalami w aglomeracji wrocławskiej. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 2020, 29, 27 -36.

AMA Style

Magdalena Wróbel, Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska, Justyna Rybak. Przykłady wykorzystania testu OSTRACODTOXKIT F™ do oceny zanieczyszczenia pyłów drogowych metalami w aglomeracji wrocławskiej. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska. 2020; 29 (1):27-36.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magdalena Wróbel; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Justyna Rybak. 2020. "Przykłady wykorzystania testu OSTRACODTOXKIT F™ do oceny zanieczyszczenia pyłów drogowych metalami w aglomeracji wrocławskiej." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 29, no. 1: 27-36.

Journal article
Published: 16 March 2020 in Atmosphere
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In this study, urban road dust (URD) samples were collected in two populated agglomerations of Wrocław and Katowice (Lower and Upper Silesia) in Poland. Both the total concentrations of URD-bound Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Ba, Cr, Mg, and Al and concentrations of their water-soluble fraction were determined. The contamination characteristics and health risk related to these elements were assessed. Contamination level assessment was done by Pollution Load Index (PLI), which indicated much higher pollution of Katowice agglomeration than Wrocław. The enrichment factor values (EF) showed that the most elements in both Katowice and Wrocław orginated from anthropogenic sources. The calculations of geo-accumulation index (Igeo) showed that Zn and As are the key pollutants in Katowice; and in the Wrocław region, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Ni are. The principle component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis provide information about the potential sources of metals. Additionally, a positive matrix factorization (PMF) was performed and four factors in PMF analysis were found and then interpreted by comparing to the source profiles. Three contamination sources were revealed: fossil fuel combustion, road traffic and industrial emissions. Although the main source of studied metals in Lower Silesia is road traffic, in Upper Silesia, domestic heating with the use of hard and brawn coal and industrial activity predominates. Human exposure to individual toxic metals through road dust was assessed for both children and adults. By calculating the average daily dose (ADD) via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact, it was found that ingestion and then dermal contact were the greatest exposure pathways for humans in Katowice and Wrocław. Children had greater health risks than adults. According to the health risk assessment, the overall non-carcinogenic risks in both urban areas was rather low. The only exception was As bound to urban road dust in Katowice agglomeration, which indicates risk for children when ingested. The total excess cancer risk (ECR) was also lower than the acceptable level (10−6–10−4) for both adults and children, although ECR for Katowice was closer to this limit.

ACS Style

Justyna Rybak; Magdalena Wróbel; Jan Stefan Bihałowicz; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska. Selected Metals in Urban Road Dust: Upper and Lower Silesia Case Study. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 290 .

AMA Style

Justyna Rybak, Magdalena Wróbel, Jan Stefan Bihałowicz, Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska. Selected Metals in Urban Road Dust: Upper and Lower Silesia Case Study. Atmosphere. 2020; 11 (3):290.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Justyna Rybak; Magdalena Wróbel; Jan Stefan Bihałowicz; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska. 2020. "Selected Metals in Urban Road Dust: Upper and Lower Silesia Case Study." Atmosphere 11, no. 3: 290.

Conference paper
Published: 24 September 2019 in E3S Web of Conferences
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In this study we assessed the metabolic reaction of mealworms to toxic metals Cu and Pb alone or delivered with carrots as an additional source of water and minerals. We compared our results with metabolic reaction of mealworms to food shortage. We recorded the highest morality and mass loss in culture contaminated with Pb (in relation to Cu contamination) proving the greatest impact of this metal on metabolism of mealworms. The great decrease in protein, carbohydrates and lipid content was observed in this variant (mealworms fed with food contaminated with Pb) as well. The slight positive effect of carrot addition was observed for larvae fed with both metals. Starvation had similar but slighter effect as Pb on metabolism as starved larvae were characterised by high, but not the highest decrease of protein, carbohydrates and lipid content. The studies proved that metal contamination could have great impact on metabolism of mealworms which is a key issue when we consider these insects as a source of proteins in place of vertebrates.

ACS Style

Magdalena Wróbel; Justyna Rybak. Effect of food shortage and metal contamination on the mealworm Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). E3S Web of Conferences 2019, 116, 00100 .

AMA Style

Magdalena Wróbel, Justyna Rybak. Effect of food shortage and metal contamination on the mealworm Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). E3S Web of Conferences. 2019; 116 ():00100.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magdalena Wróbel; Justyna Rybak. 2019. "Effect of food shortage and metal contamination on the mealworm Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)." E3S Web of Conferences 116, no. : 00100.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2019 in Journal of Ecological Engineering
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In this paper, the analysis of the vegetation growing on the waste dump Siechnice was carried out. On the basis of phytosociological relevès, the plant species were determined. It was shown that vegetation identified on the waste dump is similar to the plants growing around this area. What is...

ACS Style

Justyna Rybak; Agnieszka Stojanowska; Łukasz Winkler. Analysis of the Vegetation in the Terrain of Closed Industrial Waste Dump in Siechnice (Lower Silesia). Journal of Ecological Engineering 2019, 20, 242 -248.

AMA Style

Justyna Rybak, Agnieszka Stojanowska, Łukasz Winkler. Analysis of the Vegetation in the Terrain of Closed Industrial Waste Dump in Siechnice (Lower Silesia). Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2019; 20 (5):242-248.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Justyna Rybak; Agnieszka Stojanowska; Łukasz Winkler. 2019. "Analysis of the Vegetation in the Terrain of Closed Industrial Waste Dump in Siechnice (Lower Silesia)." Journal of Ecological Engineering 20, no. 5: 242-248.

Journal article
Published: 11 January 2019 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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In this study, air pollutants were determined on spider webs collected from six indoor sites in the Lower Silesia region, southwest Poland. In order to assess the mutagenicity (M) of the collected samples, the standard Salmonella assay was used with two Salmonella typhimurium strains, TA98 and YG1041. The assays were conducted with and without metabolic activation (S9 mix). The presence of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and PAH-derivatives (nitro-PAHs; NPAHs) on spider webs was also assessed at the studied sites. The total PAH content of collected samples ranged from 1.65 to 51.75 µg g−1; the total NPAH content ranged from 0.22 to 2.44 μg g−1. The highest PAH concentration was found at two sites: a basement with coal heating (S4) and a garage (S6). Samples from these two sites were also characterized by the highest mutagenicity values in TA98 strain (65,127 and 35,565 revertants/g of web in the absence and presence of S9 mix, respectively, for S4 and 54,753 and 46,262 revertants/g, respectively, for S6). For strain YG1041, the highest values were obtained in a basement with coal heating; values were 233,748 and 185,321 revertants/g of web in the absence and presence of S9 mix, respectively. The concentration of PAHs was significantly correlated with the mutagenicity (M) of the web samples collected. Reassuming, people are exposed to substances with possible carcinogenic properties and potential adverse health effect through the ambient air due to vehicular traffic, heating systems, cooking habits etc. The application of spider webs sampling could bring the very important information regarding the possible health effect associated with indoor air, making these kind of studies cheap and reliable.

ACS Style

Radosław Rutkowski; Justyna Rybak; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Maciej Bełcik; Katarzyna Piekarska; Izabela Jureczko. Mutagenicity of indoor air pollutants adsorbed on spider webs. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2019, 171, 549 -557.

AMA Style

Radosław Rutkowski, Justyna Rybak, Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska, Maciej Bełcik, Katarzyna Piekarska, Izabela Jureczko. Mutagenicity of indoor air pollutants adsorbed on spider webs. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2019; 171 ():549-557.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Radosław Rutkowski; Justyna Rybak; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Maciej Bełcik; Katarzyna Piekarska; Izabela Jureczko. 2019. "Mutagenicity of indoor air pollutants adsorbed on spider webs." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 171, no. : 549-557.

Journal article
Published: 27 November 2018 in Chemosphere
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Fifteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in the spider webs prepared in the laboratory and exposed to indoor air pollution in a defined period of time. We have selected homes differing in location (rural area vs. city), type of room (living room, kitchen, basement), inhabitants' habits (smoking cigarettes vs. non-smoking) and type of heating/cooking devices used (natural gas, liquefied gas, coal- and wood-fuelled heating). Webs from two species, from Agelenidae and Pholcidae families, were prepared and used for monitoring of PAHs. PAHs were characterised based on concentration, profile distribution, source apportionment by cluster analysis and diagnostic ratios. The concentrations of sum of 15 PAHs (μg∙g−1 dry weight) varied from 1.7 (bedroom in detached house in rural area) to 67.9 μg g−1 (room with heavy smokers in detached house in the city), and were dominated by 3-ring (6.89–57.1%) and 2-ring compounds (5.05–48.3%). The result of cluster analysis (CA) suggested two distinct groups of PAHs. The dominant PAH source was found to be mixed petrogenic and pyrogenic consisting of a mixture of cooking, smoking, heating and neighbouring traffic activities.

ACS Style

Justyna Rybak; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Izabela Jureczko; Radosław Rutkowski. Monitoring of indoor polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using spider webs. Chemosphere 2018, 218, 758 -766.

AMA Style

Justyna Rybak, Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska, Izabela Jureczko, Radosław Rutkowski. Monitoring of indoor polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using spider webs. Chemosphere. 2018; 218 ():758-766.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Justyna Rybak; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Izabela Jureczko; Radosław Rutkowski. 2018. "Monitoring of indoor polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using spider webs." Chemosphere 218, no. : 758-766.

Conference paper
Published: 26 November 2018 in SHS Web of Conferences
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Biomonitoring is a significant tool of environmental protection strategies. Variety of bioindicators are used worldwide, particularly mosses, lichens and tree leaves. However, they revile many considerable disadvantages, e.g. limitation to vegetative season, moisture demand, exposition to severe weather conditions, limited time of monitoring. Classical impactors, on the other hand, are expensive, cannot be used without supervision and allow only for short-term monitoring. Spider webs, however, reveal features of extraordinary bioindicators. Webs are abundant, easy to collect, costless and can be found all year round, despite vegetative season. Spider silk is a very efficient, non-selective accumulator of contaminants, that allows for long-term monitoring. Thanks to this characteristics, spider webs proved to be immensely useful bioindicators of air pollution. They allow for monitoring of heavy metals, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), dioxins, so as assessment of mutagenic activity and anthropopression assessment and indication of dominant source of pollutants. Most of the researches concerning application of spider webs as bioindicators have been conducted in Wrocław, Poland. This paper reviews current knowledge on spider webs in monitoring of air pollution.

ACS Style

Radosław Rutkowski; Justyna Rybak; Tomasz Mach; Wioletta Rogula–Kozłowska. Spider webs in monitoring of air pollution. SHS Web of Conferences 2018, 57, 02011 .

AMA Style

Radosław Rutkowski, Justyna Rybak, Tomasz Mach, Wioletta Rogula–Kozłowska. Spider webs in monitoring of air pollution. SHS Web of Conferences. 2018; 57 ():02011.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Radosław Rutkowski; Justyna Rybak; Tomasz Mach; Wioletta Rogula–Kozłowska. 2018. "Spider webs in monitoring of air pollution." SHS Web of Conferences 57, no. : 02011.

Journal article
Published: 14 November 2018 in Chemistry and Ecology
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ACS Style

Justyna Rybak; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Krzysztof Loska; Kamila Widziewicz-Rzońca; Radosław Rutkowski. The concentration of Cu and Pb in the funnel spider Eratigena atrica (C. L. Koch 1843) (Araneae: Agelenidae) and its web. Chemistry and Ecology 2018, 35, 179 -190.

AMA Style

Justyna Rybak, Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska, Krzysztof Loska, Kamila Widziewicz-Rzońca, Radosław Rutkowski. The concentration of Cu and Pb in the funnel spider Eratigena atrica (C. L. Koch 1843) (Araneae: Agelenidae) and its web. Chemistry and Ecology. 2018; 35 (2):179-190.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Justyna Rybak; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska; Krzysztof Loska; Kamila Widziewicz-Rzońca; Radosław Rutkowski. 2018. "The concentration of Cu and Pb in the funnel spider Eratigena atrica (C. L. Koch 1843) (Araneae: Agelenidae) and its web." Chemistry and Ecology 35, no. 2: 179-190.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Journal of Aerosol Science
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The main goal of the study was to use SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscope with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analyser) for chemical and morphological characteristics of geological and trace elements particles identified on different types of webs (belonging to two different families of spiders) at various sampling locations in order to define the possible origin of deposited particulate matter. The research hypothesis assumes that particulate matter deriving from different polluted sites of Wroclaw agglomeration affects the structural properties of spider webs and on the basis of its mineralogical interpretation we can define the source of pollution. Spiders belonging to two families: Agelenidae and Pholcidae which are present in urban environment and weave relatively dense but structurally different webs have been chosen for studies as a potential passive bioindicators. Moreover, different time of spider web exposure was tested as a factor influenced final quality and quantity interpretation of data. Samples were collected from three sites in Wrocław city (SW Poland), all traffic-related. Two sites were close to each other with the same exposure time (40-days), the third one was localised in other part of the city and the web was exposed much longer (2-years). Additionally, silk obtained from the laboratory rearing of spiders was also examined (clean laboratory spider web) in relation to contaminated webs. The results reveal that geological and trace elements particles identified on two types of webs at neighbouring sites differ from each other as well as webs exposed to pollutants for longer time as a consequence of structural variation of webs and different exposure time. Pholcidae webs adsorbed larger amounts of particles characterised by smaller diameter. Therefore, these webs are recommended as more perspective tool in contrast to Ageleniids webs which exhibit worse adsorption. The 1–2 month time of exposure of webs is adequate to quality and quantity interpretations of inorganic particles using SEM-EDX. Hence, we did not recommend longer exposure time due to possible alteration and secondary mineralogical artefact appearing. Our preliminary results indicated: (i) industry contribution is limited to gypsum and very sparse glass particles without metal-bearing particles derived from smelters localised on dominant wind direction, whereas the abundant mineral particles and carbon-rich particles derived probably from (ii) resuspension of local materials and fossil fuels combustion processes, suggesting super-local and local origin.

ACS Style

Maciej Górka; Wojciech Bartz; Justyna Rybak. The mineralogical interpretation of particulate matter deposited on Agelenidae and Pholcidae spider webs in the city of Wrocław (SW Poland): A preliminary case study. Journal of Aerosol Science 2018, 123, 63 -75.

AMA Style

Maciej Górka, Wojciech Bartz, Justyna Rybak. The mineralogical interpretation of particulate matter deposited on Agelenidae and Pholcidae spider webs in the city of Wrocław (SW Poland): A preliminary case study. Journal of Aerosol Science. 2018; 123 ():63-75.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maciej Górka; Wojciech Bartz; Justyna Rybak. 2018. "The mineralogical interpretation of particulate matter deposited on Agelenidae and Pholcidae spider webs in the city of Wrocław (SW Poland): A preliminary case study." Journal of Aerosol Science 123, no. : 63-75.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in Inżynieria Ekologiczna
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The quality of three water bodies: Czysty Potok, Mąkolnica and Trujący Potok was assessed in the commune Złoty Stok, which was contaminated with arsenic in the past, derived from the activity of an ancient gold mine, and caused illnesses of commune residents. In our studies, the arsenic...

ACS Style

Magda Szmigielska; Magdalena Wróbel; Agnieszka Stojanowska; Justyna Rybak. The assessment of water quality contaminated with arsenic based on macroinvertebrates (Złoty Stok, Lower Silesia). Inżynieria Ekologiczna 2018, 19, 58 -63.

AMA Style

Magda Szmigielska, Magdalena Wróbel, Agnieszka Stojanowska, Justyna Rybak. The assessment of water quality contaminated with arsenic based on macroinvertebrates (Złoty Stok, Lower Silesia). Inżynieria Ekologiczna. 2018; 19 (4):58-63.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magda Szmigielska; Magdalena Wróbel; Agnieszka Stojanowska; Justyna Rybak. 2018. "The assessment of water quality contaminated with arsenic based on macroinvertebrates (Złoty Stok, Lower Silesia)." Inżynieria Ekologiczna 19, no. 4: 58-63.

Conference paper
Published: 03 July 2018 in E3S Web of Conferences
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The release of such contaminants as metals into aquatic environment and its accumulation in sediment is a great concern due to the potential effect to the whole ecosystem. Water biocoenosis can change completely with the introduction metals into the water course. The aim of the study was to compare the water quality of three small streams contaminated with arsenic on the basis of multimetric diatom index IO and microbiotest designed to evaluate sediment toxicity (The Ostracodtoxkit F). The quality of three small streams located within Złoty Stok community in Lower Silesia (SW, Poland) has never been assessed with the biological methods before. What is more, the impact of arsenic on water biocoenosis has been rarely studied worldwide. Such studies have not been conducted before in Poland. The findings showed that each of used method classifies similarly three studied streams. The obtained results confirmed that the biological methods are the most reliable in the assessment of water quality.

ACS Style

Magda Szmigielska; Magdalena Wróbel; Justyna Rybak. Assessment of water quality contaminated with arsenic using diatoms and Ostracodtoxkit F test. E3S Web of Conferences 2018, 44, 00174 .

AMA Style

Magda Szmigielska, Magdalena Wróbel, Justyna Rybak. Assessment of water quality contaminated with arsenic using diatoms and Ostracodtoxkit F test. E3S Web of Conferences. 2018; 44 ():00174.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magda Szmigielska; Magdalena Wróbel; Justyna Rybak. 2018. "Assessment of water quality contaminated with arsenic using diatoms and Ostracodtoxkit F test." E3S Web of Conferences 44, no. : 00174.

Conference paper
Published: 03 July 2018 in E3S Web of Conferences
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Air pollution is one of the most urgent problems of modern world, eventually causing the premature death of millions people every year. One of the burdens due to exposure to air pollutants is a lung cancer. It is necessary to develop new effective methods of carcinogen monitoring. The aim of the study was to evaluate if spider webs are suitable for the assessment of air mutagenicity by Ames MPF™ test. It is the first time spider webs had been incorporated into Ames MPF™ procedure. Webs of two spider species Araneus diadematus and Agelena labyrinthica have been collected at four sites exposed to high pollutants emission. Salmonella typhimurium TA98 strain without metabolic fraction have been used for the assay. All samples exhibited mutagenic activity most likely due to the road traffic. Webs of A. labyrinthica have shown higher mutagenicity effects at the tested sites in comparison to A. diadematus, plausibly because of the longer exposition time. The results are most promising and indicate high potential of combining spider webs and MPF™ procedure for assessing the mutagenic properties of urban air pollution.

ACS Style

Radosław Rutkowski; Piotr Jadczyk; Justyna Rybak. Preliminary Microplate Ames MPF™ test use in assessment of mutagenic properties of spider webs. E3S Web of Conferences 2018, 44, 00153 .

AMA Style

Radosław Rutkowski, Piotr Jadczyk, Justyna Rybak. Preliminary Microplate Ames MPF™ test use in assessment of mutagenic properties of spider webs. E3S Web of Conferences. 2018; 44 ():00153.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Radosław Rutkowski; Piotr Jadczyk; Justyna Rybak. 2018. "Preliminary Microplate Ames MPF™ test use in assessment of mutagenic properties of spider webs." E3S Web of Conferences 44, no. : 00153.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Inżynieria Ekologiczna
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ACS Style

Dawid Kowalski; Magdalena Wróbel; Justyna Rybak. Ecotoxicological studies on the impact of copper smelter “Legnica” on living organisms. Inżynieria Ekologiczna 2018, 19, 30 -35.

AMA Style

Dawid Kowalski, Magdalena Wróbel, Justyna Rybak. Ecotoxicological studies on the impact of copper smelter “Legnica” on living organisms. Inżynieria Ekologiczna. 2018; 19 (3):30-35.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dawid Kowalski; Magdalena Wróbel; Justyna Rybak. 2018. "Ecotoxicological studies on the impact of copper smelter “Legnica” on living organisms." Inżynieria Ekologiczna 19, no. 3: 30-35.

Evaluation study
Published: 01 March 2018 in Environmental Pollution
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The purpose of this pilot study was to test spider webs as a fast tool for magnetic biomonitoring of air pollution. The study involved the investigation of webs made by four types of spiders: Pholcus phalangioides (Pholcidae), Eratigena atrica and Agelena labirynthica (Agelenidae) and Linyphia triangularis (Linyphiidae). These webs were obtained from outdoor and indoor study sites. Compared to the clean reference webs, an increase was observed in the values of magnetic susceptibility in the webs sampled from both indoor and outdoor sites, which indicates contamination by anthropogenically produced pollution particles that contain ferrimagnetic iron minerals. This pilot study has demonstrated that spider webs are able to capture particulate matter in a manner that is equivalent to flora-based bioindicators applied to date (such as mosses, lichens, leaves). They also have additional advantages; for example, they can be generated in isolated clean habitats, and exposure can be monitored in indoor and outdoor locations, at any height and for any period of time. Moreover, webs are ubiquitous in an anthropogenic, heavily polluted environment, and they can be exposed throughout the year. As spider webs accumulate pollutants to which humans are exposed, they become a reliable source of information about the quality of the environment. Therefore, spider webs are recommended for magnetic biomonitoring of airborne pollution and for the assessment of the environment because they are non-destructive, low-cost, sensitive and efficient.

ACS Style

Marzena Rachwał; Justyna Rybak; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska. Magnetic susceptibility of spider webs as a proxy of airborne metal pollution. Environmental Pollution 2018, 234, 543 -551.

AMA Style

Marzena Rachwał, Justyna Rybak, Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska. Magnetic susceptibility of spider webs as a proxy of airborne metal pollution. Environmental Pollution. 2018; 234 ():543-551.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marzena Rachwał; Justyna Rybak; Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska. 2018. "Magnetic susceptibility of spider webs as a proxy of airborne metal pollution." Environmental Pollution 234, no. : 543-551.