Purpose of Review: This narrative review comprehensively aims to analyze recent advancements in shoulder arthroplasty, focusing on implant systems and their impact on patient outcomes. The purpose is to provide a nuanced understanding of the evolving landscape in shoulder arthroplasty, incorporating scientific, regulatory, and ethical dimensions. Recent Findings: The review synthesizes recent literature on stemless implants, augmented glenoid components, inlay vs onlay configurations, convertible stems, and associated complications. Notable findings include improved patient-reported outcomes with stemless implants, variations in outcomes between inlay and onlay configurations, and the potential advantages of convertible stems. Additionally, the regulatory landscape, particularly the FDA's 510(k) pathway, is explored alongside ethical considerations, emphasizing the need for standardized international regulations. Summary: Recent innovations in shoulder arthroplasty showcase promising advancements, with stemless implants demonstrating improved patient outcomes. The review underscores the necessity for ongoing research to address unresolved aspects and highlights the importance of a standardized regulatory framework to ensure patient safety globally. The synthesis of recent findings contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the current state of shoulder arthroplasty, guiding future research and clinical practices.

Background: To systematically review the literature assessing glenoid bone loss restoration by different bone block options and compare their dimensions. Methods: Systematic examination of articles in PubMed and EMBASE databases was performed per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to find studies of bone grafts for treating anterior glenohumeral instability. Statistical analyses were conducted via Review Manager, and a p -value of <0.05 was statistically significant. Results: Our review included 25 studies evaluating 870 shoulders. Traditional arc Latarjet (TL) had more depth than congruent arc Latarjet (CAL; p = 0.003). The coronal radii of curvature of TL, CAL, distal tibia, and iliac crest bone blocks were similar to native glenoid ( p = 0.400, 0.817, 0.467, 0.216, respectively). CAL coracoid bone blocks restored significantly more glenoid surface area (30.3%) than TL bone blocks ( p = 0.012). The glenoid width and surface area restoration by distal clavicle bone blocks were equivalent to TL ( p = 0.058 and p = 0.103, respectively). Discussion: The CAL technique restored higher percentages of glenoid surface area than TL but has less depth, which may increase fracture risk during screw insertion. The distal clavicle bone block is a suitable substitute to TL as it was equivalent regarding glenoid width and surface area restoration.

Since orthopedic surgery has been slower to acknowledge the rise of social media for distributing medical information, this study aims to evaluate TikTok videos’ quality and educational value in relation to carpal tunnel syndrome treatment exercises. TikTok was searched using the hashtags “#carpaltunnelexercises”, “#carpaltunnelremedies”, “#carpaltunnelrehab”, and “#physicaltherapyforcarpaltunnel”. The engagement indicators were documented and the video content quality was assessed using the DISCERN, CTEES, JAMA, and GQS grading scales. There were 101 videos included, which accumulated 20,985,730 views. The videos received 1,460,953 likes, 15,723 comments, 243,245 favorites, and 159,923 shares. Healthcare professionals were responsible for 72% of the video uploads, whereas general users contributed 28%. More healthcare professionals’ videos were graded as “poor” (79%) compared to general users (21%). General users received slightly more video grades of “very poor” (52%) than healthcare professionals (48%). For the DISCERN grading, the videos by healthcare professionals were significantly better than those by general users in terms of reliability, achieving aims, and relevancy. They were also superior in the overall composition of the health information derived from the total DISCERN score. However, no significant differences were found between the two groups when using the CTEES, JAMA, and GQS grading scales. Overall, despite the emergence of TikTok as a medical information tool, the quality and educational value of the carpal tunnel syndrome exercise videos were poor.

Glenohumeral instability is a complex clinical problem with underlying pathology in the bony, labral, and capsular tissues. The rate of specific capsular injuries varies widely in the literature and the clinical importance of these specific injury patterns remains unclear. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines, a systematic review was performed of multiple databases for all primary research articles between 2008 and 2023 which included advanced imaging and included rates of capsular injury in patients with glenohumeral instability. Twelve studies met inclusion criteria. The most prevalent capsular injury seen was in the inferior glenohumeral ligament (34.1%) across all studies, followed by anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsions with 24.9% prevalence. Humeral avulsions of the glenohumeral ligaments lesions were the least common (6.2%) of subjects, followed closely by capsular tears (8.3%) of subjects. Capsular injury is commonly seen in magnetic resonance imaging of patients with anterior shoulder instability. Significant heterogeneity in language and imaging techniques was found in the existing literature. Further research is needed to explore these specific capsular lesions’ clinical implications and rehabilitation strategies.

Distal clavicle autograft (DCA) has garnered increasing popularity as a cost-effective and safe autograft for glenoid reconstruction in shoulder instability. The purpose of this study is to report the clinical outcomes of a single-surgeon case series of patients managed with arthroscopic DCA for glenoid bone loss with suture button fixation at minimum follow-up of 1 year. All cases of recurrent anterior glenohumeral instability treated with DCA by a single surgeon between January 2020 and December 2023 were reviewed. Patients were included if DCA was performed arthroscopically with 2 suture buttons for fixation, with minimum clinical follow-up of 1 year. Patients were evaluated post-operatively for recurrent instability or complications. Glenoid bone loss was measured using 3-dimensional reconstruction and best-fit circle methods on pre-operative computed tomography scans. Coracoclavicular (CC) distances were measured pre-operatively and post-operatively to assess for acromioclavicular joint instability and change in preoperative to post-operative CC distance was assessed with dependent t-test. Eight patients were included. Average age was 32.6 years. There were 7 males and 1 female. At surgery, mean glenoid bone loss was 23.3% (range: 17.8%-30.8%). At harvest, the average length, thickness, and width of the DCA were 22.8 mm, 11.6 mm, and 11.3 mm, respectively. After preparation, the graft averaged 22.8 mm in length with a width and depth of 10 mm, respectively. At a mean follow-up of 2.6 years (range: 1.5-4.0 years), no patients had recurrent subluxation or dislocation. No evidence of CC ligament damage was noted; average preoperative and post-operative CC distances were 11.5 mm and 11.3 mm, respectively, with mean change of −0.7 mm (95% confidence interval: −4.8 to +3.4 mm, P = .69). One patient was noted to have one loose posterior extracapsular button without clinical complication. No other complications were noted. In this case series of patients who underwent arthroscopic glenoid reconstruction with DCA, we noted low complication rates and no evidence of recurrent instability.