Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are cardinal players in numerous physiological and pathological processes. CircRNAs play dual roles as tumor suppressors and oncogenes in different oncological contexts, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Their roles significantly impact the disease at all stages, including initiation, development, progression, invasion, and metastasis, in addition to the response to treatment. In this review, we discuss the biogenesis and regulatory functional roles of circRNAs, as well as circRNA–protein–mRNA ternary complex formation, elucidating the intricate pathways tuned by circRNAs to modulate gene expression and cellular processes through a comprehensive literature search, in silico search, and bioinformatics analysis. With a particular focus on the interplay between circRNAs, epigenetics, and HCC pathology, the article sets the stage for further exploration of circRNAs as novel investigational theranostic agents in the dynamic realm of HCC.

Long intergenic non-coding RNA 00511 (LINC00511) has been involved in the development of several types of cancer including breast cancer (BC). Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can be found in the genomic regions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and are associated with the tumorigenesis of many cancers. The objective of the current study is to assess whether LINC00511 SNPs (rs11657109, rs9906859, rs17780195, rs1558535, and rs4432291) could be related with BC incidence in the Egyptian population. Five SNPs of LINC00511 were analyzed in a case–control study of 267 BC cases and 150 controls. Logistic regression analysis was used to test the association between LINC00511 SNPs and BC incidence. We found that the TT genotype of rs11657109 significantly increased BC incidence (OR: 2.177, 95%CI: 1.260–3.763) and this SNP was associated with high incidence of luminal A BC specifically using different genetic models. Haplotype (A₀₉ A₉₁ A₃₅ G₉₅ T₅₉) was strongly associated with an increased BC incidence as it was totally absent in controls. These findings suggest that LINC00511 SNP rs11657109 is associated with BC susceptibility in the Egyptian population.