Mesenteric cysts are rare benign intra‐abdominal tumors that are usually asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally while being investigated for other conditions or their complications. Surgical excision remains the primary treatment option. Here we present the case of a 30‐year‐old male with progressive abdominal distension, initially misdiagnosed with liver disease and refractory ascites, leading to inappropriate diuretic therapy. Subsequent imaging revealed a giant mesenteric cyst, which was successfully managed with complete surgical excision.

Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, pigmented mucocutaneous lesions, and an increased risk of cancer. We report a case of a 22‐year‐old male from Ethiopia who presented with recurrent abdominal pain and a history of surgery for bowel obstruction. Endoscopic evaluation revealed multiple polyps in the stomach, ileum, and colon, which were confirmed histopathologically as hamartomatous polyps. Mucocutaneous pigmentation and family history of GI symptoms and maternal breast cancer led to the diagnosis of PJS, despite the unavailability of genetic testing. The patient underwent therapeutic polypectomy and was advised on cancer surveillance. This case highlights the importance of recognizing and managing PJS in resource‐limited settings, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and vigilant surveillance to prevent complications, especially when genetic testing may not be readily available.

Ceftriaxone‐associated cholelithiasis is an uncommon but well‐recognized adverse effect in pediatric patients, resulting from precipitation of ceftriaxone–calcium complexes within bile. Although often asymptomatic and transient, its radiologic appearance may mimic true gallstones and lead to unnecessary surgical intervention. We report a 2‐year‐old male child, born prematurely at 34 weeks of gestation, who was incidentally diagnosed with gallbladder stones during follow‐up evaluation after multiple hospital admissions for dehydration and presumed infections treated with high‐dose intravenous ceftriaxone. The child was asymptomatic for biliary disease, with normal physical examination and laboratory findings. Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated multiple mobile echogenic foci with posterior acoustic shadowing, the largest measuring 1.1 cm, without evidence of inflammation or biliary obstruction. Given the absence of symptoms and identifiable hemolytic or metabolic disorders, conservative management with close follow‐up was adopted. Repeat ultrasonography after 12 weeks showed complete spontaneous resolution of the gallstones. This case highlights the importance of recognizing ceftriaxone‐associated cholelithiasis in young children to help avoid unnecessary surgical intervention in appropriately selected asymptomatic patients through appropriate conservative management.

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is an extremely rare condition that can result from a multitude of causes that devoid the mesenteric fat pad or structurally narrow the space resulting in duodenal obstruction. It is predominantly seen in females. If not treated, it can result in life‐threatening complications. Herein, we present four patients with SMA syndrome who presented to our outpatient department at Adera Medical and Surgical Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Eosinophilic colitis (EC) is a rare subtype of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders, marked by dense eosinophilic infiltration of the colon in the absence of secondary causes. We report the case of a 48‐year‐old Ethiopian man with a history of atopic disease who presented with chronic nonbloody diarrhea, intermittent abdominal pain, and fatigue. Diagnostic colonoscopy with biopsy confirmed EC, supported by peripheral eosinophilia and histological findings. The patient was treated with oral prednisolone, leading to complete symptom resolution.