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This study describes a new mycovirus infecting a strain from the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex. Based on phylogenetic and genomic analyses, this virus belongs to the recently proposed genus “Zetapartitivirus” in the family Partitiviridae. The name “Fusarium equiseti partitivirus 1″ (FePV1) is therefore suggested for this novel viral species. Similar to other partitiviruses, FePV1 genome is composed by two dsRNA segments that exhibit each one large ORF encoding for an RdRp and a CP, respectively. A smaller dsRNA was also detected in infected mycelium and could be a satellite RNA of FePV1. In addition to characterized zetapartitiviruses, other FePV1-related sequences were retrieved from online databases and their significance is discussed. Following conidial isolation, an FePV1-free isogenic line of the fungal host was obtained. In comparison with the original infected strain, this line showed higher growth, biomass production and pathogenicity on tomato, advocating that FePV1 induces hypovirulence on its host.
Mathieu Mahillon; Alain Decroës; Simon Caulier; Assiata Tiendrebeogo; Anne Legrève; Claude Bragard. Genomic and biological characterization of a novel partitivirus infecting Fusarium equiseti. Virus Research 2021, 297, 198386 .
AMA StyleMathieu Mahillon, Alain Decroës, Simon Caulier, Assiata Tiendrebeogo, Anne Legrève, Claude Bragard. Genomic and biological characterization of a novel partitivirus infecting Fusarium equiseti. Virus Research. 2021; 297 ():198386.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMathieu Mahillon; Alain Decroës; Simon Caulier; Assiata Tiendrebeogo; Anne Legrève; Claude Bragard. 2021. "Genomic and biological characterization of a novel partitivirus infecting Fusarium equiseti." Virus Research 297, no. : 198386.
Beet soil-borne virus (BSBV) is a sugar beet pomovirus frequently associated with Beet necrotic yellow veins virus, the causal agent of the rhizomania disease. BSBV has been detected in most of the major beet-growing regions worldwide, yet its impact on this crop remains unclear. With the aim to understand the life cycle of this virus and clarify its putative pathogenicity, agroinfectious clones have been engineered for each segment of its tripartite genome. The biological properties of these clones were then studied on different plant species. Local infection was obtained on agroinfiltrated leaves of Beta macrocarpa. On leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana, similar results were obtained, but only when heterologous viral suppressors of RNA silencing were co-expressed or in a transgenic line down regulated for both dicer-like protein 2 and 4. On sugar beet, local infection following agroinoculation was obtained on cotyledons, but not on other tested plant parts. Nevertheless, leaf symptoms were observed on this host via sap inoculation. Likewise, roots were efficiently mechanically infected, highlighting low frequency of root necrosis and constriction, and enabling the demonstration of transmission by the vector Polymyxa betae. Altogether, the entire viral cycle was reproduced, validating the constructed agroclones as efficient inoculation tools, paving the way for further studies on BSBV and its related pathosystem.
Mathieu Mahillon; Alain Decroës; Chloé Peduzzi; Gustavo Romay; Anne Legrève; Claude Bragard. RNA silencing machinery contributes to inability of BSBV to establish infection in Nicotiana benthamiana: evidence from characterization of agroinfectious clones of Beet soil-borne virus. Journal of General Virology 2021, 102, jgv001530 .
AMA StyleMathieu Mahillon, Alain Decroës, Chloé Peduzzi, Gustavo Romay, Anne Legrève, Claude Bragard. RNA silencing machinery contributes to inability of BSBV to establish infection in Nicotiana benthamiana: evidence from characterization of agroinfectious clones of Beet soil-borne virus. Journal of General Virology. 2021; 102 (2):jgv001530.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMathieu Mahillon; Alain Decroës; Chloé Peduzzi; Gustavo Romay; Anne Legrève; Claude Bragard. 2021. "RNA silencing machinery contributes to inability of BSBV to establish infection in Nicotiana benthamiana: evidence from characterization of agroinfectious clones of Beet soil-borne virus." Journal of General Virology 102, no. 2: jgv001530.
A new mycovirus was found in the Fusarium culmorum strain A104-1 originally sampled on wheat in Belgium. This novel virus, for which the name Fusarium culmorum virus 1 (FcV1) is suggested, is phylogenetically related to members of the previously proposed family ‘’Unirnaviridae’’. FcV1 has a monopartite dsRNA genome of 2898 bp that harbors two large non-overlapping ORFs. A typical -1 slippery motif is found at the end of ORF1, advocating that ORF2 is translated by programmed ribosomal frameshifting. While ORF2 exhibits a conserved replicase domain, ORF1 encodes for an undetermined protein. Interestingly, a hypothetically transcribed gene similar to unirnaviruses ORF1 was found in the genome of Lipomyces starkeyi, presumably resulting from a viral endogenization in this yeast. Conidial isolation and chemical treatment were unsuccessful to obtain a virus-free isogenic line of the fungal host, highlighting a high retention rate for FcV1 but hindering its biological characterization. In parallel, attempt to horizontally transfer FcV1 to another strain of F. culmorum by dual culture failed. Eventually, a screening of other strains of the same fungal species suggests the presence of FcV1 in two other strains from Europe.
Mathieu Mahillon; Gustavo Romay; Charlotte Liénard; Anne Legrève; Claude Bragard. Description of a Novel Mycovirus in the Phytopathogen Fusarium culmorum and a Related EVE in the Yeast Lipomyces starkeyi. Viruses 2020, 12, 523 .
AMA StyleMathieu Mahillon, Gustavo Romay, Charlotte Liénard, Anne Legrève, Claude Bragard. Description of a Novel Mycovirus in the Phytopathogen Fusarium culmorum and a Related EVE in the Yeast Lipomyces starkeyi. Viruses. 2020; 12 (5):523.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMathieu Mahillon; Gustavo Romay; Charlotte Liénard; Anne Legrève; Claude Bragard. 2020. "Description of a Novel Mycovirus in the Phytopathogen Fusarium culmorum and a Related EVE in the Yeast Lipomyces starkeyi." Viruses 12, no. 5: 523.
Aims The objective of this work was to identify a fungal strain showing potential biocontrol abilities against two Fusarium damping‐off agents and to test it as a Biological Control Agent (BCA) in maize seed coating under field conditions. Methods and Results A collection of native fungal strains associated with maize in Belgium was screened for antagonistic potential against Fusarium avenaceum and Fusarium culmorum. The strain with highest biocontrol potential was identified as an endophytic Trichoderma atroviride BC0584. In greenhouse, it significantly improves the emergence of seedlings infected by Fusarium avenaceum or F. culmorum pathogens. In most field trials carried out during the season 2017, it significantly increased the emergence rate of infected seedlings compared to untreated seeds. One slurriable powder formulation allows BCA conidia to survive over a six‐month storage period at 4°C. Conclusions The fungal BC0584 strain is a promising BCA that could be an alternative to synthetic fungicides. It is adapted to local environmental conditions, is easily and cheaply produced and can be stored in a low‐cost formulation. Significance and Impact of the Study In Belgium, this is the first study to use a T. atroviride native strain against Fusarium damping‐off on maize crop. Modes of action and required conditions for ensuring high biocontrol activity in the field have still to be investigated.
E. Coninck; J. Scauflaire; M. Gollier; C. Liénard; G. Foucart; G. Manssens; F. Munaut; A. Legrève. Trichoderma atroviride as a promising biocontrol agent in seed coating for reducing Fusarium damping‐off on maize. Journal of Applied Microbiology 2020, 129, 637 -651.
AMA StyleE. Coninck, J. Scauflaire, M. Gollier, C. Liénard, G. Foucart, G. Manssens, F. Munaut, A. Legrève. Trichoderma atroviride as a promising biocontrol agent in seed coating for reducing Fusarium damping‐off on maize. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 2020; 129 (3):637-651.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE. Coninck; J. Scauflaire; M. Gollier; C. Liénard; G. Foucart; G. Manssens; F. Munaut; A. Legrève. 2020. "Trichoderma atroviride as a promising biocontrol agent in seed coating for reducing Fusarium damping‐off on maize." Journal of Applied Microbiology 129, no. 3: 637-651.
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by the heterothallic ascomycete Zymoseptoria tritici is currently one of the most devastating diseases of wheat worldwide. The extent of sexual reproduction of this pathogen is well documented on bread wheat, but not on durum wheat. The objective of the present study was to quantify the occurrence of Z. tritici sexual reproduction on durum wheat in the Tunisian environment. The assessment was undertaken using a triple approach combining fruiting body assessment, ascospore trapping and population genetic analyses. The results highlighted the formation of pseudothecia on leaves and stubble from the autumn until the end of the growing season. Likewise, qPCR monitoring highlighted a constant release of Z. tritici airborne inoculum during the wheat-growing season, with a peak of production at the end of the season. Genetic investigations using microsatellites revealed high levels of gene and genotypic diversities, an equal distribution of mating types, and a lack of genetic clustering within and between growing seasons. Taken together, these findings indicate that Z. tritici undergoes sexual reproduction on durum wheat in Tunisia at least to the same extent than on bread wheat in Western Europe, and that the dry and warm climate does not affect the mating process of the fungus. Frequent occurrence of sexual reproduction is a valuable knowledge to take into account in STB control strategies on durum wheat.
M. Hassine; A. Siah; P. Hellin; T. Cadalen; P. Halama; J.-L. Hilbert; W. Hamada; M. Baraket; A. Yahyaoui; A. Legrève; M. Duvivier. Sexual reproduction of Zymoseptoria tritici on durum wheat in Tunisia revealed by presence of airborne inoculum, fruiting bodies and high levels of genetic diversity. Fungal Biology 2019, 123, 763 -772.
AMA StyleM. Hassine, A. Siah, P. Hellin, T. Cadalen, P. Halama, J.-L. Hilbert, W. Hamada, M. Baraket, A. Yahyaoui, A. Legrève, M. Duvivier. Sexual reproduction of Zymoseptoria tritici on durum wheat in Tunisia revealed by presence of airborne inoculum, fruiting bodies and high levels of genetic diversity. Fungal Biology. 2019; 123 (10):763-772.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Hassine; A. Siah; P. Hellin; T. Cadalen; P. Halama; J.-L. Hilbert; W. Hamada; M. Baraket; A. Yahyaoui; A. Legrève; M. Duvivier. 2019. "Sexual reproduction of Zymoseptoria tritici on durum wheat in Tunisia revealed by presence of airborne inoculum, fruiting bodies and high levels of genetic diversity." Fungal Biology 123, no. 10: 763-772.
Polymyxa betae belongs to the Plasmodiophorida (Phytomyxea, Rhizaria). Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of a member of the Polymyxa genus, which includes two obligate root endoparasite species, vectors of important soilborne plant viruses.
Alain Decroës; Magnalena Calusinska; Philippe Delfosse; Claude Bragard; Anne Legrève. First Draft Genome Sequence of a Polymyxa Genus Member, Polymyxa betae, the Protist Vector of Rhizomania. Microbiology Resource Announcements 2019, 8, 1 .
AMA StyleAlain Decroës, Magnalena Calusinska, Philippe Delfosse, Claude Bragard, Anne Legrève. First Draft Genome Sequence of a Polymyxa Genus Member, Polymyxa betae, the Protist Vector of Rhizomania. Microbiology Resource Announcements. 2019; 8 (2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlain Decroës; Magnalena Calusinska; Philippe Delfosse; Claude Bragard; Anne Legrève. 2019. "First Draft Genome Sequence of a Polymyxa Genus Member, Polymyxa betae, the Protist Vector of Rhizomania." Microbiology Resource Announcements 8, no. 2: 1.
Rhizomania disease, caused by the Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), is considered as one of the major constraints for sugar beet production, worldwide. As a result of the introgression of major resistance genes (Holly, Rz2) in commercially available sugar beet varieties, the virus has endured strong selection pressure since the 90s'. Understanding the virus response and diversity to sugar beet resistance is a key factor for a sustainable management of only few resistance genes. Here we report rhizomania surveys conducted in a rhizomania hot spot, the Pithiviers area (France) during a 4-year period and complementary to the study of Schirmer et al. (2005). The study aimed at evaluating the intra- and inter-field BNYVV diversity in response to different sources of resistance and over the growing season. To follow rhizomania development over the sugar beet growing season, extensive field samplings combined with field assays were performed in this study. The evolution of the BNYVV diversity was assessed at intra- and inter-field levels, with sugar beet cultivars containing different resistance genes (Rz1, Rz1 + Heterodera schachtii resistance and Rz1Rz2). Intra-field diversity was analyzed at the beginning and the end of the growing season of each field. From more than one thousand field samples, the simultaneous presence of the different A, B and P types of BNYVV was confirmed, with 21 variants identified at positions 67–70 of the p25 tetrad. The first variant, AYHR, was found most commonly followed by SYHG. Numerous mixed infections (9.93% of the samples), mostly of B-type with P-type, have also been evidenced. Different tetrads associated with the A- or B-type were also found with a fifth RNA-genome component known to allow more aggressiveness to BNYVV on sugar beet roots. Cultivars with Rz1+Rz2 resistant genes showed few root symptoms even if the BNYVV titre was quite high according to the BNYVV type present. The virus infectious potential in the soil at the end of the growing season with such cultivars was also lower despite a wider diversity at the BNYVV RNA3 sequence level. Rz1+Rz2 cultivars also exhibited a lower presence of Beet soil-borne virus (BSBV), a P. betae-transmitted Pomovirus. Cultivars with Rz1 and nematode (N) resistance genes cultivated in field infected with nematodes showed lower BNYVV titre than those with Rz1 or Rz1+Rz2 cultivars. Overall, the population structure of BNYVV in France is shown to be different from that previously evidenced in different world areas. Implications for long-term management of the resistance to rhizomania is discussed.
Yann Galein; Anne Legrève; Claude Bragard. Long Term Management of Rhizomania Disease—Insight Into the Changes of the Beet necrotic yellow vein virus RNA-3 Observed Under Resistant and Non-resistant Sugar Beet Fields. Frontiers in Plant Science 2018, 9, 795 .
AMA StyleYann Galein, Anne Legrève, Claude Bragard. Long Term Management of Rhizomania Disease—Insight Into the Changes of the Beet necrotic yellow vein virus RNA-3 Observed Under Resistant and Non-resistant Sugar Beet Fields. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2018; 9 ():795.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYann Galein; Anne Legrève; Claude Bragard. 2018. "Long Term Management of Rhizomania Disease—Insight Into the Changes of the Beet necrotic yellow vein virus RNA-3 Observed Under Resistant and Non-resistant Sugar Beet Fields." Frontiers in Plant Science 9, no. : 795.
To assess producers’ exposure level to pesticides in vegetable production in Burkina Faso, a study was carried out in 2016 and 2017 among 30 tomato producers in the municipalities of Kouka and Toussiana. Eighteen (18) commercial formulations were identified, with more than 50% of pesticides destined for cotton production. Eleven active substances have been identified and the most frequently used are λ-cyhalothrin (35%), acetamiprid (22%) and profenofos (13%). The most commonly used chemical families are pyrethroids (28%) and organophosphates (18%). The study revealed a low level of training for producers, a high use of pesticides according to the Frequency Treatment Indicator, and a very low level of protection used by producers. The Health Risk Index shows that active substances such as methomyl, λ-cyhalothrin and profenofos present very high risk to operators’ health. Based on the UK-POEM model, the predictive exposure levels obtained varied from 0.0105 mg/kg body weight/day to 1.7855 mg/kg body weight/day, which is several times higher than the Acceptable Operator Exposure Level. However, the study also shows that exposure can be greatly reduced if the required Personal Protective Equipment is worn. Producers’ awareness and training on integrated pest management are necessary to reduce the risks linked to the pesticides use in Burkina Faso.
Diakalia Son; Fabrice K. B. Zerbo; Schémaeza Bonzi; Bruno Schiffers; Irénée Somda; Anne Legrève. Assessment of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Producers’ Exposure Level to Pesticides, in Kouka and Toussiana (Burkina Faso). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 204 .
AMA StyleDiakalia Son, Fabrice K. B. Zerbo, Schémaeza Bonzi, Bruno Schiffers, Irénée Somda, Anne Legrève. Assessment of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Producers’ Exposure Level to Pesticides, in Kouka and Toussiana (Burkina Faso). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (2):204.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiakalia Son; Fabrice K. B. Zerbo; Schémaeza Bonzi; Bruno Schiffers; Irénée Somda; Anne Legrève. 2018. "Assessment of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Producers’ Exposure Level to Pesticides, in Kouka and Toussiana (Burkina Faso)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 2: 204.
Phytophthora infestans is the causal agent of potato late blight. This pathogen is usually controlled by fungicides, but new European regulations have imposed changes in crop protection management that have led to a search for alternative control measures. The induction of plant defence responses by elicitors is a promising new strategy compatible with sustainable agriculture. This study investigated the effect of eliciting a defence response in potato against P. infestans using a formulation of the COS-OGA elicitor that combines cationic chitosan oligomers (COS) and anionic pectin oligomers (OGA). Trials were conducted under greenhouse conditions to assess the ability of COS-OGA to control P. infestans. The results showed that three foliar applications with this elicitor significantly increased potato protection against late blight in controlled conditions. The activation of potato defence genes was also evaluated by RT-qPCR during these trials. Two pathogenesis-related proteins, basic PR-1 and acidic PR-2, were rapidly and significantly up-regulated by the elicitor treatment. Therefore, these results suggest that the COS-OGA elicitor increases the protection of potato against P. infestans and that this protection could be explained by an increase in the expression of potato defence genes rather than by biocide activity.
A. Clinckemaillie; A. Decroës; G. Van Aubel; S. Carrola Dos Santos; M. E. Renard; P. Van Cutsem; A. Legrève. The novel elicitor COS-OGA enhances potato resistance to late blight. Plant Pathology 2016, 66, 818 -825.
AMA StyleA. Clinckemaillie, A. Decroës, G. Van Aubel, S. Carrola Dos Santos, M. E. Renard, P. Van Cutsem, A. Legrève. The novel elicitor COS-OGA enhances potato resistance to late blight. Plant Pathology. 2016; 66 (5):818-825.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Clinckemaillie; A. Decroës; G. Van Aubel; S. Carrola Dos Santos; M. E. Renard; P. Van Cutsem; A. Legrève. 2016. "The novel elicitor COS-OGA enhances potato resistance to late blight." Plant Pathology 66, no. 5: 818-825.
Polymyxa betae is a biotrophic obligate sugar beet parasite that belongs to plasmodiophorids. The infection of sugar beet roots by this parasite is asymptomatic, except when it transmits Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), the causal agent of rhizomania. To date, there has been little work on P. betae–sugar beet molecular interactions, mainly because of the obligate nature of the parasite and also because research on rhizomania has tended to focus on the virus. In this study, we investigated these interactions through differential transcript analysis, using suppressive subtractive hybridization. The analysis included 76 P. betae and 120 sugar beet expressed sequence tags (ESTs). The expression of selected ESTs from both organisms was monitored during the protist life cycle, revealing a potential role of two P. betae proteins, profilin and a Von Willebrand factor domain‐containing protein, in the early phase of infection. This study also revealed an over‐expression of some sugar beet genes involved in defence, such as those encoding PR proteins, stress resistance proteins or lectins, especially during the plasmodial stage of the P. betae life cycle. In addition to providing new information on the molecular aspects of P. betae–sugar beet interactions, this study also enabled previously unknown ESTs of P. betae to be sequenced, thus enhancing our knowledge of the genome of this protist.
N. Desoignies; J. Carbonell; J.-S. Moreau; A. Conesa; J. Dopazo; A. LeGreve. Molecular interactions between sugar beet and Polymyxa betae during its life cycle. Annals of Applied Biology 2014, 164, 244 -256.
AMA StyleN. Desoignies, J. Carbonell, J.-S. Moreau, A. Conesa, J. Dopazo, A. LeGreve. Molecular interactions between sugar beet and Polymyxa betae during its life cycle. Annals of Applied Biology. 2014; 164 (2):244-256.
Chicago/Turabian StyleN. Desoignies; J. Carbonell; J.-S. Moreau; A. Conesa; J. Dopazo; A. LeGreve. 2014. "Molecular interactions between sugar beet and Polymyxa betae during its life cycle." Annals of Applied Biology 164, no. 2: 244-256.
The control of rhizomania, one of the most important diseases of sugar beet caused by the Beet necrotic yellow vein virus, remains limited to varietal resistance. In this study, we investigated the putative action of Bacillus amylolequifaciens lipopeptides in achieving rhizomania biocontrol through the control of the virus vector Polymyxa betae. Some lipopeptides that are produced by bacteria, especially by plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria, have been found to induce systemic resistance in plants. We tested the impact of the elicitation of systemic resistance in sugar beet through lipopeptides on infection by P. betae. Lipopeptides were shown to effectively induce systemic resistance in both the roots and leaves of sugar beet, resulting in a significant reduction in P. betae infection. This article provides the first evidence that induced systemic resistance can reduce infection of sugar beet by P. betae.
Nicolas Desoignies; Florence Schramme; Marc Ongena; Anne LeGreve. Systemic resistance induced byBacilluslipopeptides inBeta vulgarisreduces infection by the rhizomania disease vectorPolymyxa betae. Molecular Plant Pathology 2012, 14, 416 -421.
AMA StyleNicolas Desoignies, Florence Schramme, Marc Ongena, Anne LeGreve. Systemic resistance induced byBacilluslipopeptides inBeta vulgarisreduces infection by the rhizomania disease vectorPolymyxa betae. Molecular Plant Pathology. 2012; 14 (4):416-421.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNicolas Desoignies; Florence Schramme; Marc Ongena; Anne LeGreve. 2012. "Systemic resistance induced byBacilluslipopeptides inBeta vulgarisreduces infection by the rhizomania disease vectorPolymyxa betae." Molecular Plant Pathology 14, no. 4: 416-421.
Silicon (Si) is known to reduce the incidence of pathogens on many plants. Little information is available on the potential positive effects of Si on the susceptibility of banana (Musa acuminata) to pathogens. Root-rot fungi of the genus Cylindrocladium have been reported, along with endoparasitic nematodes, to be the causal agent of toppling disease and severe yield loss. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of Si supply on Cylindrocladium spathiphylli infection on banana. Plantlets inoculated by dipping the root system in a conidial suspension of the pathogen were grown on a desilicated ferralsol and amended, or not, with 2 mM of soluble Si under greenhouse conditions in Guadeloupe. The root lesion severity was evaluated using the image analysis program WinRHIZO 7, 14 and 21 days after inoculation. A reduction of about 50% of root necrosis was observed 14 days after inoculation for the Si-supplied plants compared with those not supplied with Si. The Si amendment also alleviated growth reduction caused by the pathogen. These results suggest that Si could have a positive effect on banana resistance to C. spathiphylli and provide an environmentally friendly alternative to pesticides for the integrated control of an important crop disease.
Marie-Liesse Vermeire; Lucie Kablan; Marc Dorel; Bruno Delvaux; Jean-Michel Risède; Anne Legrève. Protective role of silicon in the banana-Cylindrocladium spathiphylli pathosystem. European Journal of Plant Pathology 2011, 131, 621 -630.
AMA StyleMarie-Liesse Vermeire, Lucie Kablan, Marc Dorel, Bruno Delvaux, Jean-Michel Risède, Anne Legrève. Protective role of silicon in the banana-Cylindrocladium spathiphylli pathosystem. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 2011; 131 (4):621-630.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarie-Liesse Vermeire; Lucie Kablan; Marc Dorel; Bruno Delvaux; Jean-Michel Risède; Anne Legrève. 2011. "Protective role of silicon in the banana-Cylindrocladium spathiphylli pathosystem." European Journal of Plant Pathology 131, no. 4: 621-630.
Polymyxa betae is a soil‐borne protist and an obligate parasite of sugar beet that transmits the beet necrotic yellow vein virus. Sugar beet hairy roots, transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes, were inoculated with surface‐sterilized root fragments infected by P. betae. After 10 wk in a liquid medium, typical structures of P. betae were observed in this in vitro system. This first in vitro culture of P. betae in liquid medium will contribute to a better understanding of this protist's biology through providing a way to conserve and produce purified isolates of the protist.
Nicolas Desoignies; Anne LeGreve. In Vitro Dual Culture of Polymyxa betae in Agrobacterium rhizogenes Transformed Sugar Beet Hairy Roots in Liquid Media. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 2011, 58, 424 -425.
AMA StyleNicolas Desoignies, Anne LeGreve. In Vitro Dual Culture of Polymyxa betae in Agrobacterium rhizogenes Transformed Sugar Beet Hairy Roots in Liquid Media. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 2011; 58 (5):424-425.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNicolas Desoignies; Anne LeGreve. 2011. "In Vitro Dual Culture of Polymyxa betae in Agrobacterium rhizogenes Transformed Sugar Beet Hairy Roots in Liquid Media." Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 58, no. 5: 424-425.
The understanding of the molecular biology of Polymyxa betae, the protist vector of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus, remains limited because of the obligate nature of this root endoparasite and the limited data on the genome of Beta vulgaris, its most common host plant. The aim of this work was to assess the infection of P. betae in Arabidopsis thaliana in order to learn more about the P. betae genome and its interaction with the host. The susceptibility of a set of ecotypes of various origins to a monosporosorus and aviruliferous isolate of P. betae was analyzed in a series of bioassays conducted under controlled conditions. P. betae was detected in roots of A. thaliana using light microscopy and PCR. The infection severity was relatively low in this species compared with B. vulgaris, but the different stages of the life cycle were present. The phenotype of P. betae in A. thaliana root cells differed from the phenotype in B. vulgaris: the spore-forming phase was more prevalent in comparison with the sporangial phase, and the sporosori contained a lower number of spores. The compatible interaction between P. betae and A. thaliana obtained after the inoculation of zoospores and optimal conditions for the development of P. betae provide a new model system that can be used to improve the knowledge on the P. betae genome and on the mechanisms of the spore-forming phase of P. betae.
Nicolas Desoignies; Celine Stocco; Claude Bragard; Anne LeGreve. A new phenotype of Polymyxa betae in Arabidopsis thaliana. European Journal of Plant Pathology 2011, 131, 27 -38.
AMA StyleNicolas Desoignies, Celine Stocco, Claude Bragard, Anne LeGreve. A new phenotype of Polymyxa betae in Arabidopsis thaliana. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 2011; 131 (1):27-38.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNicolas Desoignies; Celine Stocco; Claude Bragard; Anne LeGreve. 2011. "A new phenotype of Polymyxa betae in Arabidopsis thaliana." European Journal of Plant Pathology 131, no. 1: 27-38.