Sucrose phosphorylase (SPase), a member of the glycoside hydrolase GH13 family, possesses the ability to catalyze the hydrolysis of sucrose to generate α-glucose-1-phosphate and can also glycosylate diverse substrates, showcasing a wide substrate specificity. This enzyme has found extensive utility in the fields of food, medicine, and cosmetics, and has garnered significant attention as a focal point of research in transglycosylation enzymes. Nevertheless, SPase encounters numerous obstacles in industrial settings, including low enzyme yield, inadequate thermal stability, mixed regioselectivity, and limited transglycosylation activity. In-depth exploration of efficient expression strategies and molecular modifications based on the crystal structure and functional information of SPase is now a critical research priority. This paper systematically reviews the source microorganisms, crystal structure, and catalytic mechanism of SPase, summarizes diverse heterologous expression systems based on expression hosts and vectors, and examines the application and molecular modification progress of SPase in synthesizing typical glycosylated products. Additionally, it anticipates the broad application prospects of SPase in industrial production and related research fields, laying the groundwork for its engineering modification and industrial application.

AA10 family lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (AA10 LPMOs) are mainly distributed in bacteria. Because of their characteristics of oxidative degradation of crystalline polysaccharides, such as cellulose and chitin, they have great application potential in industrial biomass conversion and have attracted wide attention. Efficient heterologous expression of LPMOs by recombinant engineering bacteria has become the main strategy for the industrial production of enzymes. The research progress of AA10 LPMOs’ heterologous expression systems was reviewed in this paper. The construction strategies of its diversified heterologous expression system were introduced based on the design and processing of the expression host, vector, and LPMOs gene. The effects of different expression systems on the soluble expression of LPMOs and the development direction of the construction of LPMOs’ heterologous expression systems were discussed. The broad application prospect of LPMOs in the biomass conversion and biofuel industry has been prospected.