The features of rock shear-slip fracturing are closely related to the stability of rock mass engineering. Granite, white sandstone, red sandstone, and yellow sandstone specimens were selected in this study. The loading phase of “shear failure > slow slip > fast slip” was set up to explore the correlation between fracture type, acoustic emission (AE) features, and energy dissipation during the rock fracturing process. The results show that there is a strong correlation between fracture type, energy dissipation, and AE features. The energy dissipation ratio of tension-shear (T-S) composite, shear, and tensile types is 10:100:1. The fracture types in the shear failure phase are mainly tensile and TS composite types. The differential mechanism of energy dissipation of different rocks during the shear-slip process is revealed from the physical property perspectives of mineral composition, particle size, and diagenetic mode. These results provide a necessary research basis for energy dissipation research in rock failure and offer an important scientific foundation for analyzing the fracture propagation problem in the shear-slip process. They also provide a research basis for further understanding the acoustic emission characteristics and crack type evolution during rock shear and slip processes, which helps to better understand the shear failure mechanism of natural joints and provides a reference for the identification of precursors of shear disasters in geotechnical engineering.

Layered rocks are widely distributed in mining and underground engineering. The evolution processes, such as crack initiation, development and penetration, inevitably occur due to stress changes. This study carried out an experiment and numerical simulation to explore the correspondence between crack distribution and bedding dip, and to reveal the mechanical mechanism of layered rock fracturing. The results show that the layered rock specimens with different bedding dips obtained different stress combinations under the same uniaxial compression conditions. There are a total of five types of stress combinations, including pure compression type, compression shear type, pure shear type, tension shear type, and pure tension type. The Mohr circle is effective in characterizing the relationship between the stress combinations and failure modes. The failure mode of layered rocks in the range of 0° to 150° is presented the variation features of “tensile failure → compression-shear failure → shear failure → tensile shear failure → tensile failure”. Furthermore, the combined distributions of dominant and secondary cracks are summarized into the penetrating mode, the exfoliation mode, the feather crack mode, and the associated mode in high-dip of layered marbles. This paper provides research ideas for stability monitoring and crack tracking of layered rock mass engineering.