Background: Hyperlipidemia is a group of conditions, both inherited and acquired, where there is too much fat in the body. While the condition itself often doesn't cause noticeable symptoms, it can lead to serious diseases that may be dangerous. HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) is the enzyme that antihyperlipidemic medicines target. Recent studies suggest that eating diets based on date fruits may provide several health benefits, mainly because they are rich in plant-based polyphenols. Objective: This study looked at how polyphenols from date palms might stop HMG-CoA reductase from working. The polyphenols tested came from Phoenix dactylifera L. fruit and included gallic acid, catechin, rutin, quercetin, isoquercetin, kaempferol, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, syringic acid, and vanillic acid. Methods: The study used a computer-based method called molecular docking to predict how well these compounds could block the enzyme. Binding affinity scores were used to measure how strongly they could stop the enzyme. The process included preparing the chemicals and protein, running the docking simulation, and checking if the compounds were likely to be used as drugs. Results: The study found that date palm polyphenols could be useful in lowering lipids, with catechin showing the strongest effect, having a binding score of −8.5. Conclusion: Polyphenols in dates can act as natural agents to lower lipids by stopping the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, making them a possible addition to treatments for high lipid levels.

Papaya peel, an often-discarded by-product of papaya fruit processing, is rich in fiber, making it a potential raw material for producing nata - a gel-like fermented product with potential health benefits. This study aimed to develop nata product from papaya peel and evaluate its effect on blood glucose in diabetic rats. Crude fiber content and antioxidant capacity of papaya peel nata (PPN) were determined. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups of 5 rats each: negative control (administered 2 mL distilled water), positive control (administered 0.6 g cellulose), and the treatment groups - administered PPN at doses of 0.5 g (PPN1), 0.6 g (PPN2), and 0.7 g (PPN3) orally once daily for four weeks. All rats were induced with a single intraperitoneal dose of 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was measured before and after STZ induction and post-treatment. Body weight, body length, Lee index, and overall health status of the rats were monitored weekly. The results showed that PPN administration led to a significant reduction in FBG after four weeks of treatment. Body weight recovery and minimal muscle mass loss (as indicated by Lee index) were also observed, particularly in the PPN1 group. PPN exhibited good antioxidant activity, and contained high crude fiber (2.08%), which may have contributed to its blood glucose-lowering effect by increasing food viscosity, thereby reducing appetite and delay the absorption of nutrients, including glucose. These findings support the potential for use of PPN as supportive intervention in diabetes management.

Phytotherapy is one example of an alternative therapy that is thought to help individuals with chronic non-communicable illnesses. Moringa oleifera (Mo) is now being investigated in this area for its total phenolic content and nutritional benefits. In addition to phenolic chemicals, there is a lot of interest in the phytochemical makeup. The presence of isothiocyanates and glucosinolates characterizes this composition. The extra sugar in the isothiocyanates produced by the biotransformation of Moringa glucosinolates gives these bioactive chemicals stability over other isothiocyanates derived from other crops. Isothiocyanates have been reported to be effective in preventing and improving some chronic diseases such as obesity which has a fairly high prevalence. Separation of Isothiocyanate compounds in Moringa tissue can be improved by certain separation techniques, which are modified. This review aims to highlight certain separation techniques and study the properties and potential use of Moringa isothiocyanate (MITC) as a drug against obesity through various methods. MITC compound found in Moringa extract can reduce liver fat accumulation, body weight, fat weight, and fat tissue estimation. In addition, MITC can increase HDL levels while decreasing TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL. In addition, leptin, vaspin, and resistin levels were all decreased by MITC.

BACKGROUND: Insufficient glucose levels in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients leads to a condition where fructose might become an alternative source for cells proliferation, but the role of fructose or fructose-glucose combinations in development of CRC has not been elucidated well. In this study, the effect of fructose-glucose variations on viability, migration, and glucose transporter (GLUT)5, GLUT7, GLUT11 mRNA expressions in WiDr CRC cell line were examined.METHODS: Cells were treated with varying ratios of fructose-glucose (F100%; F75%:G25%; F50%:G50%; F25%:G75%; G100%; F: Fructose, G: Glucose). Untreated cells (F0:G0) were used as cell control. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used for cell viability test, scratch assay was used to examine the cell migration, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to examine mRNA expressions. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed with Tukey's post-hoc test, with p<0.05 consideres as significant.RESULTS: Fructose-glucose combinations and glucose 100% significantly increased the cell viability compared to control (p<0.05). All treatment groups showed a significant increase in cell migration compared to control (p=0.000). Only GLUT7 and GLUT11 expressions in the G100% group were significantly different compared to the control (p=0.000). GLUT7 and GLUT11 expressions were also significantly different in F100% and F50%:G50% treatments compared to G100% (p=0.000).CONCLUSION: Taken together, fructose might play important role in cell migration. However, in cell viability, combination with glucose could increase fructose's effect. Fructose might not affect the mRNA expressions of GLUT5, GLUT7 and GLUT11.KEYWORDS: GLUT5, GLUT7, GLUT11, fructose transporter, colorectal cancer, WiDr

One of the many potential benefits of stem cell therapy is that it may enhance men’s vitality by addressing conditions such as erectile dysfunction and hypogonadism. The current comprehensive review and meta-analysis evaluate the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of stem cell therapy in improving male sexual health. Data from previously published clinical trials, reviews, and preclinical studies indicate that stem cell therapy significantly enhances erectile function, increases testosterone levels, and improves sperm quality. The regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), including their ability to differentiate into various cell types and secrete bioactive molecules, underpins these benefits. Additionally, MSCs modulate the immune response, reducing inflammation and promoting tissue repair. Despite these promising results, current research is limited by heterogeneity among studies, lack of long-term data, and the absence of standardized treatment protocols. Future research can focus on large-scale randomized controlled trials with standardized protocols to validate the long-term efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy. The results of the review support the potential of stem cell therapy as a novel approach in regenerative medicine, offering innovative solutions for men’s health and vitality. Addressing the current limitations and exploring future directions will pave the way for the clinical adoption of stem cell therapy, advancing the treatment options for conditions affecting men’s vitality and improving the quality of life for millions of men worldwide.

Papaya peel, a by-product of papaya fruit processing, is a rich source of dietary fiber, making it a promising raw material for producing nata, a gel-like fermented product with potential health benefits. This study evaluated the effects of papaya peel nata (PPN) on glycemic control and gut microbiota in male Wistar rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 5 rats each: negative control (administered 2 mL distilled water) and treatment groups administered PPN at doses of 0.5 (PPN1), 0.6 (PPN2), and 0.7 g (PPN3) orally once daily for weeks. All rats were induced with a single intraperitoneal dose of 40 mg/kg of STZ. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and gut microbiota composition, specifically Lactobacillus gasseri, were assessed. The rat’s body weight, length, Lee index, and health status were monitored weekly. The result showed a significant reduction in FBG and HbA1c levels in the PPN2 and PPN3 groups compared to the NC group (p < 0.05). Body weight recovery and minimal muscle mass loss, as shown by the Lee index, were notable. Gut microbiota analysis using RT-PCR revealed increased L. gasseri in the PPN group. PPN’s high crude fiber (2.08%) likely contributed to glucose-lowering by increasing food viscosity, reducing appetite, delaying nutrient absorption, and promoting short-chain fatty acids production through gut microbiota fermentation. This study demonstrates the potential of PPN as a functional dietary fiber for managing and restoring gut microbiota diversity.