Wound dressing is an ancient technique for promoting healing, and modern technology has led to the development of advanced dressings that enhance patient care. Nanofiber-based wound dressings are a medical innovation with enhanced properties, including improved adhesion, reduced infection rates, and increased tissue regeneration. This article focuses on electrospun nanofibrous wound dressing materials produced using the widely adopted method of electrospinning. This article explores several parameters that influence fiber size, including electrical conductivity, electric potential, collector distance, viscosity, flow rate, and surface tension. With Fucoidan (FUC) loading, an increase in the fiber diameter of the control group from 310 nm to 395 nm was observed. This research also examines the use of Halomonas Levan (HL), a polysaccharide, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer as wound dressing materials to enhance the mechanical properties of the latter. The incorporation of various concentrations of FUC into PVA-HL electrospun nanofibers yielded diverse effects on tensile strength: an enhancement was observed in the PVA-HL-10FUC formulation, while reductions were noted in the PVA-HL-13FUC and PVA-HL-15FUC formulations. The WST1 assay demonstrated that none of the samples exhibited cytotoxicity up to 72 h, as cell viability increased over time. In conclusion, nanofibrous PVA-HL structures loaded with FUC, which promote tissue regeneration and prevent infection, could be considered a novel wound dressing material.

Hybrid nanofibrous mats comprising distinct hydrophilic and hydrophobic fiber populations were fabricated by simultaneous dual-nozzle co-electrospinning for potential wound-dressing applications. Four formulations—polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–polycaprolactone (PCL), PVA/Chitosan (CS)–PCL, PVA-PCL/Tea Tree Oil (TTO), and PVA/CS-PCL/TTO—were systematically evaluated in terms of their morphological, physicochemical, mechanical, release, and in vitro cellular properties. All formulations exhibited continuous, bead-free fiber morphologies. FTIR and DSC analyses indicated the physical incorporation of CS and TTO and composition-dependent changes in polymer-chain organization. TTO incorporation improved surface wettability, decreasing the water contact angle to 46.69 ± 2.80° and 57.05 ± 1.40° in the CS-free and CS-containing formulations, respectively. The PVA/CS-PCL/TTO mat exhibited the highest tensile strength (19.17 ± 3.06 MPa) and strain at break (10.82 ± 1.81%). Cumulative TTO release reached 97.63–99.75% within 8 h. MTT analysis showed favorable HDF metabolic activity, with the highest response observed for PVA/CS-PCL/TTO on day 7. Overall, the results support the further investigation of these hybrid nanofibrous mats as potential wound-dressing platforms.