Background: Ribociclib, palbociclib and abemaciclib are currently approved CDK4/6 inhibitors along with aromatase inhibitors as the first-line standard-of-care for patients with hormone receptor-po...

Controlled hypotension is a reversible procedure in which the patient's baseline mean arterial blood pressure is reduced by 30% and sustained at 60-70 mmHg during the procedure. It decreases blood loss and provides clear surgical field during the procedures. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of controlled hypotension agents esmolol, remifentanil, and nitroglycerin in functional endoscopic sinus surgery, in terms of hemodynamic changes and impact on the surgical efficiency. The research was carried out as a cohort study. Patients who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery were randomized into 3 groups. Controlled hypotension was achieved with remifentanil (Group R), esmolol (Group E) and nitroglycerin (Group N). The efficacy of the drugs was tested by comparing the length of time with the targeted mean arterial pressure, the amount of anesthetics used, surgical field bleeding score and surgeon's satisfaction. Between May to December 2015, 60 patients were included and randomized equally into 3 different study groups. The median of the length of time with the targeted mean arterial pressure was shorter in the Group R when compared with Group E (p = 0.01) and Group N (p = 0.14). The amount of volatile anesthetics used was 25.0 mL (15-51), 43.0 mL (21-105) and 40.0 mL (26-97) in Groups R, E and N, respectively (p < 0.001). While there was more bleeding with nitroglycerin, surgical field bleeding scores were lower in Group R when compared with esmolol (p = 0.001) and nitroglycerin (p < 0.001). The analysis of surgeon's satisfaction scores concluded that surgeons were more satisfied with the group R (100%), when compared with group E (60%) and group N (30%) (p < 0.001). Less volatile agent, short time to achieve controlled hypotension, stable blood pressure, lower surgical field bleeding scores and larger length of time with the targeted mean arterial pressure were found as the advantages of Remifentanil. Less costly, efficiency of achieving the targeted median arterial pressure and less postoperative complications were the advantages of nitroglycerin. In functional endoscopic sinus surgery procedures, appropriate controlled hypotensive agents should be selected according to the patients' characteristics and advantages/disadvantages of the drugs.

Objective: Social media disorder (SMD) is defined as a behavioral addiction and has been associated with depression, loneliness, narcissism, low self-esteem, poor sleep quality, and low academic performance. Ostracism is a term defined as being ignored or excluded by others. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the predictors of ostracism in adolescents and test the effect of SMD on ostracism. Materials and Methods: This study was performed as a survey study. Adolescents between 14 and 18 years of age were administered a structured questionnaire to assess socio demographic properties, SMD, and ostracism. The SMD Scale and Ostracism Experience Scale for Adolescents (OES-A) were used. Between January and June 2018, 864 university students ≤18 years of age were invited to the study and 684 (79.1%) of them participated. Results: We found a positive correlation between OES-A and SMD scores (r=0.52, p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, male gender, absence of a hobby, not being successful in the university, and high SMD scores were associated with high OES-A scores. Conclusion: This is the first data obtained proving an association between SMD and ostracism. The impact of SMD and ostracism on psychosocial issues should be further evaluated. Cite this article as: Ergün G, Alkan A. The Social Media Disorder and Ostracism in Adolescents: (OSTRACA- SM Study). Eurasian J Med 2020; 52(2): 139-44.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in cases with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) in different lines of treatment.Retrospective analysis o...