The investigation into mobile robot navigation under uncertain dynamic environments is of great significance. This paper seeks to solve the current problems which are the difficulty to plan in indeterminate ever-changing environments, the problem of optimality, failure in complex situations, and the problem of predicting the obstacle velocity vector. The objective of this study is to propose a multilayer decision-based fuzzy logic model to find the solution for robot navigation through a safe path while preventing any types of barriers and to understand the non-collision mobile robots’ movement in an unknown dynamic environment. In this study, the prediction and priority rules of a multilayer decision are used by the fuzzy logic controller to improve the quality of the next position with regard to its path length, safety, and runtime. The results of comparison studies revealed a considerable improvement in failure rate and path length. Outcomes show that the suggested method displays attractive features, for instance, great stability, great optimality, zero failure rates, and low running time. The average path length for all test environments is 13.11 with 0.47 a standard deviation that provides 89% of an average optimality rate. The average running time is about 5.31 s with a 0.25 standard deviation.

As automation levels increase, the complexity of automated vehicle systems increases, both in terms of functional parts and related hardware and software compon

Simulated annealing (SA) has been an effective means that can address difficulties related to optimisation problems.SAis now a common discipline for research with several productive applications such as production planning. Due to the fact that aggregate production planning (APP) is one of the most considerable problems in production planning, in this paper, we present multiobjective linear programming model for APP and optimised bySA. During the course of optimising for the APP problem, it uncovered that the capability ofSAwas inadequate and its performance was substandard, particularly for a sizable controlledAPPproblem with many decision variables and plenty of constraints. Since this algorithm works sequentially then the current state will generate only one in next state that will make the search slower and the drawback is that the search may fall in local minimum which represents the best solution in only part of the solution space. In order to enhance its performance and alleviate the deficiencies in the problem solving, a modifiedSA(MSA) is proposed. We attempt to augment the search space by starting withN+1solutions, instead of one solution. To analyse and investigate the operations of the MSA with the standardSAand harmony search (HS), the real performance of an industrial company and simulation are made for evaluation. The results show that, compared toSAandHS,MSAoffers better quality solutions with regard to convergence and accuracy.

Springs are the most basic mechanical elements used in transmission mechanisms. The rapid development of the computer and cellular industry has encouraged spring manufacturers to develop the industry to produce very small springs. Most computer-aided design programs for mechanical parts provide the possibility of designing these parts, as these programs include different types of decisions. All these decisions require coordinates for geometric data as well as metadata. The paper aims to develop software programs to design and analyze springs as one of the most significant mechanical elements used. This paper aims to develop a design software of a helical spring system, where this software is built using a computer program in the language of Visual Basic Version 5. When the user enters data into the system, the system will perform a series of complex calculations in the system, then provide a detailed report on all the engineering dimensions of the spring, and test its efficiency. The output of the software shows the required spring wire parameters. The software was tested with test data from the open literature, and the required wire spring parameters were obtained.