The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) represents an emerging technology pivotal for navigation in aircraft, ships, and smartphones, offering real-time path assistance. This chapter delves into the fundamental principles of GNSS, exploring its role in influencing climate change. It comprehensively addresses the associated limitations while also elucidating prospects and potential amendments for heightened precision. Additionally, a meta-analysis of previous research in the field of climate and GNSSs has also been presented. This scientific discourse aims to enhance our understanding of GNSS’s foundational principles, its impact on climate dynamics, and the continuous advancements that hold promise for refining its precision in navigation and environmental monitoring. <!----> <!----> <!----> <!---->

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) are widely utilized in various scientific domains such as agriculture, health monitoring, weather forecasting, and crop health detection. GNSS is a satellite network utilized in positioning and navigation including location-based services and precise orbit determination. The satellite navigation system offers various advantages such as real-time location and temporal synchronization. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is one of the well-known GNSSs, operated by the United States. Some of the other examples may include GPS; Galileo; Russia’s GLONASS, known as the Global Navigation Satellite System; and the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS). GNSS has found many applications in the field of precision agriculture, timing and synchronization in telecommunication, search and rescue operations, military and defense purposes, Earth observation, construction, and weather forecasting. However, GNSS has also been explored in the accurate and reliable positioning and timing information for climate change analysis and modeling. Therefore, it is essential to examine the potential of GNSS in climate monitoring and modeling. This chapter will present a review of GNSS types, GNSS remote sensing applications, and challenges faced by GNSS. Additionally, this chapter also explores the meta-analysis of the publications or research contributions made by different authors in the field of GNSSs. <!----> <!----> <!----> <!---->