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The High Agri Valley (southern Italy) is one of the largest intermontane basin of the southern Apennines affected by intensive agricultural and industrial activities. The study of groundwater chemical features provides much important information useful in water resource management. In this study, hydrogeochemical investigations coupled with multivariate statistics, saturation indices, and stable isotope composition (δD and δ18O) were conducted in the High Agri Valley to determine the chemical composition of groundwater and to define the geogenic and anthropogenic influences on groundwater quality. Twenty-four sampling point ( including well and spring waters) have been examined. The isotopic data revealed that groundwater has a meteoric origin. Well waters, located on recent alluvial-lacustrine deposits in shallow porous aquifers at the valley floor, are influenced by seasonal rainfall events and show shallow circuits; conversely, spring waters from fissured and/or karstified aquifers are probably associated to deeper and longer hydrogeological circuits. The R -mode factor analysis shows that three factors explain 94% of the total variance, and F1 represents the combined effect of dolomite and silicate dissolution to explain most water chemistry. In addition, very low contents of trace elements were detected, and their distribution was principally related to natural input. Only two well waters, used for irrigation use, show critical issue for NO3- concentrations, whose values are linked to agricultural activities. Groundwater quality strongly affects the management of water resources, as well as their suitability for domestic, agricultural, and industrial uses. Overall, our results were considered fulfilling the requirements for the inorganic component of the Water Framework Directive and Italian legislation for drinking purposes. The water quality for irrigation is from “good to permissible” to “excellent to good” although salinity and relatively high content of Mg2+ can occasionally be critical.
M. Paternoster; R. Buccione; F. Canora; D. Buttitta; S. Panebianco; G. Rizzo; R. Sinisi; V. Summa; G. Mongelli. Hydrogeochemistry and Groundwater Quality Assessment in the High Agri Valley (Southern Italy). Geofluids 2021, 2021, 1 -15.
AMA StyleM. Paternoster, R. Buccione, F. Canora, D. Buttitta, S. Panebianco, G. Rizzo, R. Sinisi, V. Summa, G. Mongelli. Hydrogeochemistry and Groundwater Quality Assessment in the High Agri Valley (Southern Italy). Geofluids. 2021; 2021 ():1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Paternoster; R. Buccione; F. Canora; D. Buttitta; S. Panebianco; G. Rizzo; R. Sinisi; V. Summa; G. Mongelli. 2021. "Hydrogeochemistry and Groundwater Quality Assessment in the High Agri Valley (Southern Italy)." Geofluids 2021, no. : 1-15.
A comprehensive study of the serpentinite and associated veins belonging to the Frido Unit in the Pollino Massif (southern Italy) is presented here with the aim to provide new constraints about the hydrothermal system hosted by the accretionary wedge of the southern Apennines. The studied serpentinites are from two different sites: Fosso Arcangelo and Pietrapica. In both sites, the rocks show mylonitic-cataclastic structures and pseudomorphic and patch textures and are traversing by pervasive carbonate and quartz-carbonate veins. The mineralogical assemblage of serpentinites consists of serpentine group minerals (with a predominance of lizardite), amphiboles, pyroxene, chlorite, titanite, magnetite, and talc. In some samples, hydro-garnet was also detected and documented here for the first time. As for cutting veins, different mineralogical compositions were observed in the two sites: calcite characterizes the veins from Fosso Arcangelo, whereas quartz and dolomite are the principal minerals of the Pietrapica veins infill, suggesting a different composition of mineralizing fluids. Stable isotopes of C and O also indicate such a different chemistry. In detail, samples from the Pietrapica site are characterized by δ13C fluctuations coupled with a δ18O shift documenting calcite formation in an open-system where mixing between deep and shallow fluids occurred. Conversely, δ13C and δ18O of the Fosso Arcangelo veins show a decarbonation trend, suggesting their developing in a closed-system at deeper crustal conditions. Precipitation temperature calculated for both sites indicates a similar range (80 °C to 120 °C), thus suggesting carbonate precipitation within the same thermal system.
Giovanna Rizzo; Maria Carmela Dichicco; Pedro Castiñeiras; Fausto Grassa; Salvatore Laurita; Michele Paternoster; Rosa Sinisi; Giovanni Mongelli. An Integrated Study of the Serpentinite-Hosted Hydrothermal System in the Pollino Massif (Southern Apennines, Italy). Minerals 2020, 10, 127 .
AMA StyleGiovanna Rizzo, Maria Carmela Dichicco, Pedro Castiñeiras, Fausto Grassa, Salvatore Laurita, Michele Paternoster, Rosa Sinisi, Giovanni Mongelli. An Integrated Study of the Serpentinite-Hosted Hydrothermal System in the Pollino Massif (Southern Apennines, Italy). Minerals. 2020; 10 (2):127.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Rizzo; Maria Carmela Dichicco; Pedro Castiñeiras; Fausto Grassa; Salvatore Laurita; Michele Paternoster; Rosa Sinisi; Giovanni Mongelli. 2020. "An Integrated Study of the Serpentinite-Hosted Hydrothermal System in the Pollino Massif (Southern Apennines, Italy)." Minerals 10, no. 2: 127.
In this paper, new mineralogical and petrographical data of asbestiform Magnesio-riebeckite from ophiolite cropping out in the Pollino Unesco Global Geopark (southern Italy) are presented. Magnesio-riebeckite schists with HP-LT index mineral assemblage recorded metamorphic events in blueschist facies in the Frido Unit. Previous toxicological studies showed that asbestiform Magnesio-riebeckite species exhibited high carcinogenicity in previous intraperitoneal injection experiments with rats. The results have been obtained using different analytical techniques such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and electron probe micro analysis (EPMA). Results show that all the samples contain fibrous Magnesio-riebeckite and/or prismatic, acicular crystals in aggregates. The concentration of elements in Magnesio-riebeckite crystals is: Na2O (4.12–6.26 wt%), MgO (8.22–10.87 wt%), FeO (19.07–23.81 wt%), SiO2 (52.05–56.06 wt%), CaO (1.12–4.53 wt%), Al2O3 (1.34–1.93 wt%), and MnO (0.10–0.34 wt%). Magnesio-riebeckite crystals are documented in the Pollino Unesco Global Geopark for the first time. For this reason, the aim of this paper is the characterization of Magnesio-riebeckite to improve the knowledge of this mineral in the studied area, because the release of fibers into the environment is dangerous for human health.
Salvatore Laurita; Giovanna Rizzo. The First Occurrence of Asbestiform Magnesio-Riebeckite in Schists in the Frido Unit (Pollino Unesco Global Geopark, Southern Italy). Fibers 2019, 7, 79 .
AMA StyleSalvatore Laurita, Giovanna Rizzo. The First Occurrence of Asbestiform Magnesio-Riebeckite in Schists in the Frido Unit (Pollino Unesco Global Geopark, Southern Italy). Fibers. 2019; 7 (9):79.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Laurita; Giovanna Rizzo. 2019. "The First Occurrence of Asbestiform Magnesio-Riebeckite in Schists in the Frido Unit (Pollino Unesco Global Geopark, Southern Italy)." Fibers 7, no. 9: 79.
This paper deals with petrography and mineralogy of serpentinitic rocks occurring in the Southern Apennines (Italy) with the aim to review the already available literature data and furnish new details on asbestos minerals present in the studied area. Two sites of Southern Italy were taken into account: the Pollino Massif, at the Calabrian-Lucanian border, and the surroundings of the Gimigliano and Mt. Reventino areas where serpentinites of Frido Unit are mainly exposed. Textural and mineralogical features of the studied rocks point to a similar composition for both sites including asbestos minerals such as chrysotile and tremolite-actinolite series mineral phases. Only in the Pollino Massif serpentinites edenite crystals have been detected as well; they are documented here for the first time. This amphibole forms as fibrous and/or prismatic crystals in aggregates associated with serpentine, pyroxene, and calcite. Metamorphism and/or metasomatic alteration of serpentinites are the most probable processes promoting the edenite formation in the Southern Apennine ophiolitic rocks.
Maria Carmela Dichicco; Michele Paternoster; Giovanna Rizzo; Rosa Sinisi. Mineralogical Asbestos Assessment in the Southern Apennines (Italy): A Review. Fibers 2019, 7, 24 .
AMA StyleMaria Carmela Dichicco, Michele Paternoster, Giovanna Rizzo, Rosa Sinisi. Mineralogical Asbestos Assessment in the Southern Apennines (Italy): A Review. Fibers. 2019; 7 (3):24.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Carmela Dichicco; Michele Paternoster; Giovanna Rizzo; Rosa Sinisi. 2019. "Mineralogical Asbestos Assessment in the Southern Apennines (Italy): A Review." Fibers 7, no. 3: 24.
Metamorphic evolution of metabasite dykes included in tectonic slices of serpentinites in ophiolitic rocks from Frido Unit (Pollino Massif) is reported.Petrological analysis via PT pseudo-sections calculation using Theriak-Domino software have been done for the system Na2O-CaOK2O-MgO-FeO-Al2O3SiO2-H2O (NCKMFASH) and showed that the pressure and temperature conditions of blueschist metamorphism are estimated to 8-12 kbar and 300-400 °C. The minerals in the metabasite dykes are chemically homogeneous, suggesting that they are almost completely equilibrated. The retrograde metamorphic evolution of the metabasites from high- to intermediate-pressure conditions is documented by the occurrence of minerals belonging to pumpellyite facies assemblages.High-pressure metamorphism in blueschist facies condition is related to the subduction of Frido Unit in low gradient conditions. The use of pseudosections stepwise controlled by petrographic observations allowed to estimate the P-T conditions in metabasite dykes.
Salvatore Laurita; Giovanna Rizzo. Blueschist metamorphism of metabasite dykes in the serpentinites of the Frido Unit, Pollino Massif. Rendiconti Online della Società Geologica Italiana 2018, 45, 129 -135.
AMA StyleSalvatore Laurita, Giovanna Rizzo. Blueschist metamorphism of metabasite dykes in the serpentinites of the Frido Unit, Pollino Massif. Rendiconti Online della Società Geologica Italiana. 2018; 45 ():129-135.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Laurita; Giovanna Rizzo. 2018. "Blueschist metamorphism of metabasite dykes in the serpentinites of the Frido Unit, Pollino Massif." Rendiconti Online della Società Geologica Italiana 45, no. : 129-135.
Worldwide studies have been done about the toxicity and carcinogenicity of asbestos minerals occurring in ophiolitic rocks. Inhalation of asbestos due to environmental exposure could cause malignant mesothelioma and lung cancers. In particular, the ophiolitic rocks in Tethyan realm represents a serious enivironmental concern due to both the presence of asbestos-like minerals and the large Cr abundance that is prone to solubilisation as CrVI. At the Pollino Geopark (southern Apennines, Italy), serpentinites-rich ophiolite rocks and sediments of the Frido Unit crop-out. In these rocks, tremolite, an asbestos-like mineral, is typically intergrown with fibrous antigorite and chrysotile. Tremolite shows acicular, friable, fibrous, and elongated habitus, can be easily released into the environment as a result of both natural processes and anthropogenic activities. In the analyzed rocks, tremolite is present mainly in veins as much as in the matrix and forms crowns around clinopyroxene porphyroclasts. The different analytical techniques showed the recognition of the amphibole-like minerals (actinolite and tremolite) that are the dominant phases, with a small percentage of Fe2+. The presence of Fe in the “ideal” tremolite asbestos could cause pathological effects for the human living in the Pollino Geopark. This study has several environmental relevant implications, including, for example, the realization of national health protecting programs and the mapping of natural sites characterized by the presence of asbestos minerals in Pollino Geopark and in others area where outcrop asbestos bearing ophiolitic rocks.
Maria Carmela Dichicco; Salvatore Laurita; Rosa Sinisi; Raimondo Battiloro; Giovanna Rizzo. Environmental and Health: The Importance of Tremolite Occurence in the Pollino Geopark (Southern Italy). Geosciences 2018, 8, 98 .
AMA StyleMaria Carmela Dichicco, Salvatore Laurita, Rosa Sinisi, Raimondo Battiloro, Giovanna Rizzo. Environmental and Health: The Importance of Tremolite Occurence in the Pollino Geopark (Southern Italy). Geosciences. 2018; 8 (3):98.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Carmela Dichicco; Salvatore Laurita; Rosa Sinisi; Raimondo Battiloro; Giovanna Rizzo. 2018. "Environmental and Health: The Importance of Tremolite Occurence in the Pollino Geopark (Southern Italy)." Geosciences 8, no. 3: 98.
In the northern sector of the Pollino massif (southern Apennines, Italy) well-exposed lens-shaped bodies of serpentinites and sediments of the Frido Unit belonging to the Liguride Complex crop-out. Most serpentinite rocks are cross-cut by carbonate and quartz-carbonate veins with different thickness. This study focuses on petrographic, mineralogical, geochemical, and isotopic analysis of the carbonate veins embedded in serpentinite rocks, collected at the Fosso Arcangelo site and at the Pietrapica quarry (Calabria-Lucanian boundary). The paragenesis of the carbonate veins from the Fosso Arcangelo site is dominantly made by calcite and aragonite with minor amount of rhodochrosite. In quartz-carbonate veins from Pietrapica quarry, dolomite, Mg-calcite, quartz, with minor ankerite were observed.The δ13CV-PDB isotope ratios of carbonates in the carbonate veins are in the range from +2.16‰ to -3.66‰ and corresponding δ18OV-SMOW values are between +15.02‰ and +21.53‰. The δ13CV-PDB values of carbonates in quartz-carbonate veins are in the range from -3.60‰ to -1.78‰ and the corresponding δ18OV-SMOW average value is around +21.3‰. The results suggest that the carbonate at both site occurredunder the same environmental conditions from crustal-derived andlow-moderate temperatures hydrothermal fluids having different chemical composition.
Maria Chiara Dichicco; Pedro Castiñeiras; Carmen Galindo Francisco; Laura González Acebrón; Fausto Grassa; Salvatore Laurita; Michele Paternoster; Giovanna Rizzo; Rosa Sinisi; Giovanni Mongelli. Genesis of carbonate-rich veins in the serpentinites at the Calabria-Lucania boundary (southern Apennines). Rendiconti Online della Società Geologica Italiana 2018, 44, 143 -149.
AMA StyleMaria Chiara Dichicco, Pedro Castiñeiras, Carmen Galindo Francisco, Laura González Acebrón, Fausto Grassa, Salvatore Laurita, Michele Paternoster, Giovanna Rizzo, Rosa Sinisi, Giovanni Mongelli. Genesis of carbonate-rich veins in the serpentinites at the Calabria-Lucania boundary (southern Apennines). Rendiconti Online della Società Geologica Italiana. 2018; 44 ():143-149.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Chiara Dichicco; Pedro Castiñeiras; Carmen Galindo Francisco; Laura González Acebrón; Fausto Grassa; Salvatore Laurita; Michele Paternoster; Giovanna Rizzo; Rosa Sinisi; Giovanni Mongelli. 2018. "Genesis of carbonate-rich veins in the serpentinites at the Calabria-Lucania boundary (southern Apennines)." Rendiconti Online della Società Geologica Italiana 44, no. : 143-149.
Asbestos is a term commonly used to refer to those silicate minerals that show a typical fibrous habitus and crystallize as separable fibres. For the past decade, considerable research has focused on the strong correlation between deadly diseases and the exposure to asbestos-like minerals present in different environmental matrices. These harmful minerals generally occur as naturally exposed friable fibres that can be easily released into the environment as a result of both natural processes and anthropogenic activities. At the Calabria-Lucania boundary (southern Italy), the intense spreading of the asbestos fibres is also a consequence of the cataclastic features of the serpentinite outcropping. Therefore, it is necessary to intensify the geo-environmental monitoring in this area. The identification of asbestiform minerals in serpentinites is generally brought about by techniques requiring sample preparation such as: Scanning Electron Microscopy- Energy Dispersion Spectrometry, Transmission Electron Microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, polarized light optical microscopy, and differential thermal analyses. In this work, we evaluate the use of mu-Raman spectroscopy, on both low and high wavenumbers, in identifying the different serpentine and amphibole minerals. The comparison between the mu-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction is also discussed based on analytical procedures and results. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Maria Carmela Dichicco; Angela De Bonis; Giovanni Mongelli; Giovanna Rizzo; Rosa Sinisi. μ-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction of asbestos' minerals for geo-environmental monitoring: The case of the southern Apennines natural sources. Applied Clay Science 2017, 141, 292 -299.
AMA StyleMaria Carmela Dichicco, Angela De Bonis, Giovanni Mongelli, Giovanna Rizzo, Rosa Sinisi. μ-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction of asbestos' minerals for geo-environmental monitoring: The case of the southern Apennines natural sources. Applied Clay Science. 2017; 141 ():292-299.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Carmela Dichicco; Angela De Bonis; Giovanni Mongelli; Giovanna Rizzo; Rosa Sinisi. 2017. "μ-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction of asbestos' minerals for geo-environmental monitoring: The case of the southern Apennines natural sources." Applied Clay Science 141, no. : 292-299.
During “Mineral CO2 sequestration” the CO2 is chemically stored in solid carbonates by the carbonations of minerals. The sequestration of CO2 is permanent and safe. Mineral carbonation is an exothermic reaction and occurs naturally in the subsurface as a result of fluid–rock interactions within serpentinite. In situ carbonation aims to promote these reactions by injecting CO2 into porous, subsurface geological formations. In the northern sector of the Pollino Massif (southern Italy) extensively occur serpentinites; they are the subject of a project devoted to their possible use for in situ geological sequestration of CO2
Maria Carmela Dichicco; Salvatore Laurita; Michele Paternoster; Giovanna Rizzo; Rosa Sinisi; Giovanni Mongelli. Serpentinite Carbonation for CO2 Sequestration in the Southern Apennines: Preliminary Study. Energy Procedia 2015, 76, 477 -486.
AMA StyleMaria Carmela Dichicco, Salvatore Laurita, Michele Paternoster, Giovanna Rizzo, Rosa Sinisi, Giovanni Mongelli. Serpentinite Carbonation for CO2 Sequestration in the Southern Apennines: Preliminary Study. Energy Procedia. 2015; 76 ():477-486.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Carmela Dichicco; Salvatore Laurita; Michele Paternoster; Giovanna Rizzo; Rosa Sinisi; Giovanni Mongelli. 2015. "Serpentinite Carbonation for CO2 Sequestration in the Southern Apennines: Preliminary Study." Energy Procedia 76, no. : 477-486.
Zircon crystals have been separated from gneisses and metagranitoids of the Pollino area (southern Apennines) in order to unravel the origin of these crustal slices within the ophiolite-bearing Frido Unit. The morphology of the zircon has been investigated by SEM, and the internal structure was revealed by cathodoluminescence. Data obtained by U/Pb dating have been used to deduce the age and significance of the different crystallization stages of zircon, connected to the evolutionary stages of the continental crust (Late Paleozoic–Early Mesozoic). Zircons in gneisses are characterized by inherited cores of magmatic origin, bordered by metamorphic rims. Inherited zircons generally show Paleoproterozoic to Ordovician ages, indicating the provenance of the sedimentary protolith from different sources. The exclusive presence of Late Neoproterozoic zircon cores in leucocratic gneisses may suggest a different magmatic source possibly connected to Pan-African events. Late Carboniferous–Early Permian ages are found mainly in zircon rims of metamorphic origin. These are similar to the emplacement ages of protolith of the metagranites in the middle crust portion. Late Carboniferous–Early Permian metamorphism and magmatism testify the extensional collapse of the Hercynian belt, recorded in European, particularly, in the Corsica–Sardinia block and in Calabria. Late Permian–Triassic ages have been detected in zircon rims from gneisses and metagranitoids. These younger ages appear related to deformation and emplacement of albite–quartz veins in both lithologies, and are related to an extensional episode predating the Middle Triassic to Middle Jurassic rifting in the Tethyan domain, followed by Middle to Late Jurassic spreading.
Salvatore Laurita; Giacomo Prosser; Giovanna Rizzo; Antonio Langone; Massimo Tiepolo; Alessandro Laurita. Geochronological study of zircons from continental crust rocks in the Frido Unit (southern Apennines). International Journal of Earth Sciences 2014, 104, 179 -203.
AMA StyleSalvatore Laurita, Giacomo Prosser, Giovanna Rizzo, Antonio Langone, Massimo Tiepolo, Alessandro Laurita. Geochronological study of zircons from continental crust rocks in the Frido Unit (southern Apennines). International Journal of Earth Sciences. 2014; 104 (1):179-203.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Laurita; Giacomo Prosser; Giovanna Rizzo; Antonio Langone; Massimo Tiepolo; Alessandro Laurita. 2014. "Geochronological study of zircons from continental crust rocks in the Frido Unit (southern Apennines)." International Journal of Earth Sciences 104, no. 1: 179-203.
There is an increasing interest in the distribution of rare earth elements (REEs) within soils, primarily as these elements can be used to identify pedogenetic processes and because soils may be future sources for REE extraction, despite much attention should be paid to the protection and preservation of present soils. Here, we evaluate the processes that control the distribution of REEs in subsoil horizons developed over differing lithologies in an area of low anthropogenic contamination, allowing estimates of the importance of source rocks and weathering. Specifically, this study presents new data on the distribution of REEs and other trace elements, including transition and high-field-strength elements, in subsoils developed on both Quaternary silica-undersaturated volcanic rocks and Pliocene siliciclastic sedimentary rocks within the Mt. Vulture area of the southern Apennines in Italy. The subsoils in the Mt. Vulture area formed during moderate weathering (as classified using the chemical index of alteration) and contain an assemblage of secondary minerals that is dominated by trioctahedral illite with minor vermiculite. The REEs, high-field-strength elements, and transition metals have higher abundances in subsoils that developed from volcanic rocks, and pedogenesis caused the Mt. Vulture subsoils to have REE concentrations that are an order of magnitude higher than typical values for the upper continental crust. This result indicates that the distribution of REEs in soils is a valuable tool for mineral exploration. A statistical analysis of inter-elemental relationships indicates that REEs are concentrated in clay-rich fractions that also contain significant amounts of low-solubility elements such as Zr and Th, regardless of the parent rock. This suggests that low-solubility refractory minerals, such as zircon, play a significant role in controlling the distribution of REEs in soils. The values of (La/Yb)N and (Gd/Yb)N fractionation indices are dependent on the intensity of pedogenesis; soils in the study area have values that are higher than typical upper continental crust ratios, suggesting that soils, especially those that formed during interaction with near neutral to acidic organic-rich surface waters, may represent an important source of both light REEs and medium REEs (MREEs). In comparison, MREE/heavy REE fractionation in soils that form during moderate weathering may be affected by variations in parent rock lithologies, primarily as MREE-hosting minerals, such as pyroxenes, may control (La/Sm)N index values. Eu anomalies are thought to be the most effective provenance index for sediments, although the anomalies within the soils studied here are not related to the alteration of primary minerals, including feldspars, to clay phases. In some cases, Eu/Eu* values may have a weak correlation with elements hosted by heavy minerals, such as Zr; this indicates that the influence of mechanical sorting of clastic particles during sedimentary transport on the Eu/Eu* values of siliciclastic sediments needs to be considered carefully.
Giovanni Mongelli; Michele Paternoster; Giovanna Rizzo; Rosa Sinisi. Trace elements and REE fractionation in subsoils developed on sedimentary and volcanic rocks: case study of the Mt. Vulture area, southern Italy. International Journal of Earth Sciences 2014, 103, 1125 -1140.
AMA StyleGiovanni Mongelli, Michele Paternoster, Giovanna Rizzo, Rosa Sinisi. Trace elements and REE fractionation in subsoils developed on sedimentary and volcanic rocks: case study of the Mt. Vulture area, southern Italy. International Journal of Earth Sciences. 2014; 103 (4):1125-1140.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanni Mongelli; Michele Paternoster; Giovanna Rizzo; Rosa Sinisi. 2014. "Trace elements and REE fractionation in subsoils developed on sedimentary and volcanic rocks: case study of the Mt. Vulture area, southern Italy." International Journal of Earth Sciences 103, no. 4: 1125-1140.
The Mt Vulture carbonatites are the only carbonatite occurrence in the southern Apennines. We present new trace element data for these rocks in order to evaluate the factors influencing rare earth element (REE) and other trace element fractionations and their REE grade. This study focuses on massive hyalo-alvikites from two lava flows and one dike, which have different relative abundances of silicate and carbonate (i.e. Si/Ca). These differences are also evident from CaO/(CaO + MgO + FeO(T) + MnO) and Sr/Ba ratios. The REE grade of the Mt Vulture carbonatites is very similar to that of the global average for calcio-carbonatites. R-mode factor analysis shows that most of the trace element variance reflects the relative roles of carbonate and silicate minerals in influencing trace element distributions. Silicates largely control heavy rare earth element (HREE), transition metal, Zr, and Th abundances, whereas carbonate minerals control light rare earth element (LREE), Ba, and Pb abundances. In addition, apatite influences LREE concentrations. Increasing silica contents are accompanied by decreases in (La/Yb)N and (La/Sm)N ratios and less marked LREE enrichment. In contrast, higher carbonate contents are associated with increases in (La/Yb)N and (La/Sm)N. The Si/Ca ratio has little influence on Eu anomalies and middle rare earth element (MREE) to HREE fractionations. Apatite has a negligible effect on inter-REE fractionations amongst the carbonatites.
Giovanni Mongelli; Michele Paternoster; Giovanna Rizzo; Maria T. Cristi Sansone; Rosa Sinisi. Trace element geochemistry of the Mt Vulture carbonatites, southern Italy. International Geology Review 2013, 55, 1541 -1552.
AMA StyleGiovanni Mongelli, Michele Paternoster, Giovanna Rizzo, Maria T. Cristi Sansone, Rosa Sinisi. Trace element geochemistry of the Mt Vulture carbonatites, southern Italy. International Geology Review. 2013; 55 (12):1541-1552.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanni Mongelli; Michele Paternoster; Giovanna Rizzo; Maria T. Cristi Sansone; Rosa Sinisi. 2013. "Trace element geochemistry of the Mt Vulture carbonatites, southern Italy." International Geology Review 55, no. 12: 1541-1552.
Maria T. Cristi Sansone; Paola Tartarotti; Giacomo Prosser; Giovanna Rizzo. From ocean to subduction: the polyphase metamorphic evolution of the Frido Unit metadolerite dikes (Southern Apennine, Italy). Journal of the Virtual Explorer 2012, 41, 1 .
AMA StyleMaria T. Cristi Sansone, Paola Tartarotti, Giacomo Prosser, Giovanna Rizzo. From ocean to subduction: the polyphase metamorphic evolution of the Frido Unit metadolerite dikes (Southern Apennine, Italy). Journal of the Virtual Explorer. 2012; 41 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria T. Cristi Sansone; Paola Tartarotti; Giacomo Prosser; Giovanna Rizzo. 2012. "From ocean to subduction: the polyphase metamorphic evolution of the Frido Unit metadolerite dikes (Southern Apennine, Italy)." Journal of the Virtual Explorer 41, no. : 1.
We applied the zircon evaporation method and zircon typological and compositional studies to detrital-zircon populations of quartzphyllite complexes of the Eastern Alps, including the Southalpine (Vetriolo and Recoaro) and the Austroalpine (Goldeck, Gailtal, and Thurntaler) complexes. Combined zircon morphology and geochemical and geochronological analyses (single-zircon evaporation technique) provided significant constraints for the age of the studied protoliths. The morphological study points out that zircons from Austroalpine and Southalpine quartzphyllites show substantial differences in terms of shape, colour, size, type of inclusions, cracks, and turbidity. Electron microprobe analyses (Si, Zr, Hf, P: HREE) indicate homogeneous compositions, suggesting common source areas characterized by granitoid rocks, whereas typology indicates the existence of two distinct groups. Zircon ages from the quartzphyllites are rather different, those from Austroalpine samples being younger than Southalpine ones. Pb–Pb zircon ages define two principal evolutionary sequences. The Austroalpine complexes are characterized by an older evolution typical of subduction-related magmatism. This started by 598 Ma N-MORB-type, mainly involving depleted mantle sources, and finished with 379–341 Ma acid suites typical of a crustal source. Southalpine complexes zircon ages show an evolution characterized by tholeiitic and 473 Ma alkaline within-plate basalt-type suites in both pre- and post-Early Ordovician units. It involved intraplate mantle metasomatism and an enrichment trend along multicomponent sources. These magmatic evolution lines can be related to a plate-tectonic scenario that involved terrane accretion in a progressively mature Neoproterozoic to Ordovician active margin and a subsequent Palaeo-Tethys passive margin along the north Gondwanan periphery.
Giovanna Rizzo; Francesco Perri. Differences between Southalpine and Austroalpine quartzphyllite complexes Eastern Alps: results from zircon chemical compositions and Pb/Pb dating. International Geology Review 2011, 54, 455 -471.
AMA StyleGiovanna Rizzo, Francesco Perri. Differences between Southalpine and Austroalpine quartzphyllite complexes Eastern Alps: results from zircon chemical compositions and Pb/Pb dating. International Geology Review. 2011; 54 (4):455-471.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Rizzo; Francesco Perri. 2011. "Differences between Southalpine and Austroalpine quartzphyllite complexes Eastern Alps: results from zircon chemical compositions and Pb/Pb dating." International Geology Review 54, no. 4: 455-471.
New mineralogical and chemical data for ophiolitic rocks from the southwesternmost Liguride Units are presented in order to constrain their ocean-floor origin and subsequent emplacement in an accretionary wedge. Their complete petrochemical evolution is particularly well preserved in the southern Apennine metabasites. Metadolerites show amphibolite and greenschist facies mineral assemblages of ocean-floor metamorphism. Metabasalts display greenschist facies ocean-floor metamorphism and spilitic alteration. Veins cutting the mafic rocks show mineral assemblage of the prehnite–pumpellyite metamorphic facies. HP/LT orogenic metamorphism, reflecting underplating of the ophiolitic suite at the base of the Liguride accretionary wedge during subduction of the western Tethys oceanic lithosphere produced a mineral assemblage typical of the lawsonite–glaucophane facies. Bulk-rock chemistry suggests that the mafic protoliths had a MORB-type affinity, and were affected by ocean-floor rodingitic and/or spilitic alteration. Hydrothermal alteration-induced LREE mobility and LREE enrichment may be correlated with the ocean-floor metamorphism.
Maria T. Cristi Sansone; Giovanna Rizzo; Giovanni Mongelli. Petrochemical characterization of mafic rocks from the Ligurian ophiolites, southern Apennines. International Geology Review 2009, 53, 130 -156.
AMA StyleMaria T. Cristi Sansone, Giovanna Rizzo, Giovanni Mongelli. Petrochemical characterization of mafic rocks from the Ligurian ophiolites, southern Apennines. International Geology Review. 2009; 53 (1):130-156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria T. Cristi Sansone; Giovanna Rizzo; Giovanni Mongelli. 2009. "Petrochemical characterization of mafic rocks from the Ligurian ophiolites, southern Apennines." International Geology Review 53, no. 1: 130-156.
Typologic study and chemistry of zircon populations from Middle Triassic-Lower Liassic arenitic continental redbeds of the Internal Domains successions of the Mediterranean chains, from the Gibraltar Arc to the Calabria-Peloritani Arc, allow assessment of whether this type of study may be used to obtain more comprehensive inferences on the sedimentary evolution of ancient clastic rocks. Calabria-Peloritani Arc zircons are primarily euhedral, with subordinate rounded and subrounded grains. Rifian Maghrebides samples contain abundant euhedral zircons, with minor rounded and ovoid zircons. Betic Cordillera zircons are rounded or subrounded, with minor euhedral elongate grains; rounded zircons of these samples cannot be typologically classified. Electron-microprobe analyses (Si, Zr, Hf, P, and HREE) indicate homogeneous compositions, suggestive of common source areas characterized by granitoid rocks, whereas typology suggests the existence of two distinct groups. The first group includes arenites from the Calabria-Peloritani Arc and the Rifian Maghrebides. The second group includes arenites from the Betic Cordillera. Differences between the two zircon groups may be related to recycling effects, in agreement with a geochemical study of Triassic to lowermost Jurassic mudrock redbeds. Recycling likely was more significant for the Betic Cordillera samples. These results suggest that zircon typology and mudrock geochemistry can be useful tools for provenance, especially in complex sedimentary contexts where arenite-mudrock couplets occur.
Francesco Perri; Giovanna Rizzo; G. Mongelli; S. Critelli; V. Perrone. Zircon Compositions of Lower Mesozoic Redbeds of the Tethyan Margins, West-Central Mediterranean Area. International Geology Review 2008, 50, 1022 -1039.
AMA StyleFrancesco Perri, Giovanna Rizzo, G. Mongelli, S. Critelli, V. Perrone. Zircon Compositions of Lower Mesozoic Redbeds of the Tethyan Margins, West-Central Mediterranean Area. International Geology Review. 2008; 50 (11):1022-1039.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Perri; Giovanna Rizzo; G. Mongelli; S. Critelli; V. Perrone. 2008. "Zircon Compositions of Lower Mesozoic Redbeds of the Tethyan Margins, West-Central Mediterranean Area." International Geology Review 50, no. 11: 1022-1039.
Zircon crystals have been separated from gneisses, micaschists and phyllites of the Austroalpine and Southalpine tectonic Units of the Eastern Alps (16 and 7 samples respectively). The studied zircon crystals from the Austroalpine Unit are preferentially euhedral and show oscillatory zoning, suggesting a magmatic origin. Those from the Southalpine Unit are detrital grains of magmatic origin and show pitted surfaces and rounded edges, suggesting a long transportation during the sedimentary cycle. Electron microprobe analyses (438) for major (Si, Zr, Hf, P), minor (Y), trace elements (Th, U) and HREE (Gd, Dy, Er, Yb) have been carried out on selected zircons. Using long counting times, determination of REE contents as low as 50 ppm is possible. The zircon crystals are relatively homogeneous in composition except for the HfO2 content, which is strongly enriched in the rims of zircons from the Austroalpine basement. The HfO2 content is generally lower in zircons from the Southalpine basement. Xenotime-type substitution (Y, REE)3++P5+=Zr4++Si4+ is common, but also other (non-xenotime-type) substitutions has been observed.
Giovanna Rizzo. Zircons in rocks of the Austroalpine and Southalpine complexes of the Eastern Alps: differences and analogies. Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali 2005, 16, 311 -325.
AMA StyleGiovanna Rizzo. Zircons in rocks of the Austroalpine and Southalpine complexes of the Eastern Alps: differences and analogies. Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali. 2005; 16 (4):311-325.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Rizzo. 2005. "Zircons in rocks of the Austroalpine and Southalpine complexes of the Eastern Alps: differences and analogies." Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali 16, no. 4: 311-325.
Giovanna Rizzo; Eugenio Piluso; Lauro Morten. Phlogopite from the Serre ultramafic rocks, Central Calabria, Southern Italy. European Journal of Mineralogy 2001, 13, 1139 -1151.
AMA StyleGiovanna Rizzo, Eugenio Piluso, Lauro Morten. Phlogopite from the Serre ultramafic rocks, Central Calabria, Southern Italy. European Journal of Mineralogy. 2001; 13 (6):1139-1151.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Rizzo; Eugenio Piluso; Lauro Morten. 2001. "Phlogopite from the Serre ultramafic rocks, Central Calabria, Southern Italy." European Journal of Mineralogy 13, no. 6: 1139-1151.