This study investigates the structural behavior of the historical bridge located in the “Yukhari Bash” National Architectural Reserve Zone in Sheki, Azerbaijan, using finite element analysis (FEA) before and after its restoration. The primary objective is to evaluate the performance of the bridge under self-weight and seismic loads, following the standards of the Turkish Building Earthquake Code. The bridge, constructed primarily with limestone masonry, was analyzed using SAP2000 software. The results indicate that the structural integrity under compressive and shear stresses remained within acceptable limits both before and after restoration. However, post-restoration improvements in stress distribution and deformation were evident. This paper contributes to the preservation of historic structures through modern engineering analysis and provides insights into the appropriate restoration practices for masonry arch bridges.

Background: Mardin is a unique city in terms of linguistic, religious, and cultural diversity, within an atmosphere of tolerance, while various historical artifacts reflect these to the present day. This ancient city hosted numerous civilizations and experienced peak economic and political stability in the 12th century during the Artukid period. Many of the works that have endured to this day reflect that period. The Şahkulubey Cupola is one of the rare works that have survived to the present day. In this study, an analysis of the existing materials is performed to shed light on the restoration works related to the Şahkulubey Cupola. Samples were taken from the east, west, north, and south facade walls, which were deteriorated structurally. Scanning Electron Microscopy (S.E.M.) and Energy Distribution Spectroscopy (E.D.S.) analyses were conducted, and the samples’ related material properties were tested. In addition, the samples’ density, water absorption, and compressive strength properties were measured. As a result, it will be possible to conduct the restoration works with materials compatible with the existing structure of the Şahkulubey Cupola.