Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are increasing in popularity. Major challenges in the development of PPPs have resulted from the global financial crisis. However, with respect to their monetary value, PPPs are still an attractive option for public sector projects. Performance management and measurement, in which Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are the core elements, viewed as effective methods to help PPPs deliver value for money. This article describes in greater detail a KPI conceptual model composed of 5 performance packages and 48 indicators developed by the authors in previous studies. A structured questionnaire survey explored PPP stakeholders perceptions of 48 project performance indicators (PIs) to identify actual KPIs for performance management and measurement in PPPs. Although the survey results show that all PIs are important, performance packages contribute differently to the overall project performance. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test whether the proposed co...

Over the years, public-private partnership (PPP) has been acknowledged by many as an innovative approach to the procurement of public projects. The desire for more efficient and effective PPP projects renders the performance management to be increasingly important, in which the influence of the stakeholders must be considered. To implement complete and effective performance management in PPP projects, 15 performance objective attributes are proposed based on the perspectives of different stakeholders. A structured questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the relative significance of each attribute in four stakeholder groups. According to the survey results, the objective attributes are all important. Integrating all stakeholders’ benefits and selecting the appropriate qualitative level of performance objective in the process of decision making are two particularly important problems because of stakeholders’ different preferences. To resolve these problems, a fuzzy entropy method and a fuzzy TOPSIS method based on projection distance have been developed to calculate the final decision weights in all stakeholder groups and select appropriate performance objective levels for PPP projects, respectively. The final decision weights are obtained using fuzzy entropy to integrate the experiences and knowledge of all stakeholders. An illustrative case study on the Beijing National Stadium project for the 2008 Olympic Games is used to demonstrate the feasibility and practicability of the proposed model.

In recent years, China needs far more financing for transportation infrastructure than can be provided by the government alone. Meanwhile the capacity of the Chinese government to provide public services on its own in an effective and efficient way is being questioned and reassessed at various levels. Accordingly, the involvement of private investors in the development of Metropolitan Transportation Systems (MTS) has been promoted by the Chinese public sector by means of adopting the Public Private Partnership (PPP) model. However, China's dynamic and complex political, financial, legal and regulatory environment makes the private sector adjust to accommodate the existing regime by way of understanding the driving factors in PPP applications for improving the chances of project success. This paper presents two case studies in China's MTS. Based on a case study and comprehensive literature review, 15 driving factors associated with PPP projects from the perspective of the Chinese public sector have been identified. A structured questionnaire survey targeting the public sector has been conducted to seek, analyze and integrate its perception of the driving factors. Through statistical analysis of the relative significance of each of these driving factors, the writers determined five common major dimensions of the Chinese public sector's purpose in developing PPP schemes, and the key factors that quantify each purpose. The establishment of the measures for these objectives and the key factors that quantify each of these purposes will likely be useful in encouraging private participation in infrastructure management and directing/concentrating efforts of the private sector to deliver quality public services under mutually beneficial long‐term contractual arrangements. Santrauka Pastaruoju metu Kinijai reikia daug daugiau finansavimo transporto infrastruktūrai pletoti, nei gali suteikti vien šalies vyriausybe. Jos galimybes veiksmingai ir efektyviai teikti viešasias paslaugas tiriamos bei vertinamos ivairiais lygiais. Skatinamas privačiu investuotoju itraukimas i metropolijos transporto sistemu (MTS) pletra, taikant viešojo ir privataus bendradarbiavimo modeli. Tačiau Kinijos dinamiška ir kompleksine politine, finansine bei teisine aplinka priverčia privatu sektoriu derintis prie egzistuojančios tvarkos, atsižvelgiant i pagrindinius viešojo ir privataus bendradarbiavimo veiksnius, kurie padidintu projekto sekmes tikimybe. Straipsnyje pateikiami du Kinijos metropolijos transporto sistemu pletros pavyzdžiai. Remiantis nagrinejamais pavyzdžiais ir išsamia literatūros analize, iš Kinijos viešojo sektoriaus poziciju identifikuota 15 pagrindiniu veiksniu, susijusiu su viešojo ir privataus bendradarbiavimo projektais. Buvo atlikta apklausa, orientuota i viešaji sektoriu, išanalizuota, kaip pagrindiniai veiksniai suvokiami ir pritaikomi. Atliekant kiekvieno iš šiu veiksniu santykiniu reikšmingumu statistine analize, buvo apibrežti penki pagrindiniai Kinijos viešojo sektoriaus tikslu aspektai, pletojant viešojo ir privataus bendradarbiavimo schemas, ir pagrindiniai rodikliai, ivertinantys šiuos tikslus skaitine išraiška. Minetu tikslu nustatymas ir pagrindiniu skaitiniu rodikliu ivertinimas galetu būti naudingi, skatinant privatu sektoriu prisideti prie infrastruktūros valdymo, galetu padeti koncentruoti bei nukreipti privataus sektoriaus jegas kokybiškoms viešojo sektoriaus paslaugoms teikti, remiantis abipusiškai naudingomis ilgalaikemis sutartimis.

The concept of sustainable development is gaining increasing popularity in construction industry. Previous studies have prioritized on the sustainable performance of construction projects from perspectives of economy and environment, social performance of construction projects has not drawn much attention. Social performance of construction projects refers to the extent which the projects meet the needs of current and future generations. Therefore, social performance of construction projects is critical for project success as well as social sustainability. However, a systematic framework for evaluating social performance of construction projects is absent. At the same time, existing methods are time-consuming and subject to certain degree of subjectivity. To overcome these limitations, the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) method is introduced in this paper to evaluate social performance of construction projects. A real-world hospital redevelopment project was employed as an empirical study to develop the systematic framework for social performance evaluation using FAHP method. By analyzing previous studies and the hospital redevelopment project, a systematic framework with 18 indicators of five dimensions (i.e., socio-economy development, socio-environment development, social flexibility, public service development, and environment and resource conservation) was developed. Social performance of two proposed schemes for hospital redevelopment project were evaluated using the FAHP approach. Results show Scheme 2 has a relative higher social performance sore than that of Scheme 1 and the hospital redevelopment project would improve socio-economy development, socio-environment development, social flexibility, and public service development, while it brings challenges to environment and resource conservation. More seriously, results indicate the hospital project may threaten healthcare and disease prevention of the local communities. Therefore, more measures should be taken to improve social performance of the hospital redevelopment project. The empirical study shows the proposed framework using FAHP method is viable for conducting social performance evaluation of construction projects, which could be helpful to improve social performance, reduce negative social impacts, and contribute to the social sustainability of construction projects.

Given the increased demand for public facilities and the lack of funds and skills to maintain, repair, and replenish the existing facilities, public private partnerships (PPPs) have been widely adopted and have significantly contributed to the development of new infrastructure built throughout the world. However, because many PPP projects will be transferred back to the host governments upon expiry of the concession period, problems related to the subsequent management of PPP projects have not yet been thoroughly studied. Residual value risk (RVR) is a critical concern when the projects revert back to the public sector. Through an extensive literature review and an open-ended questionnaire survey, the perception of RVR in PPP projects is elaborated in this paper, which aims to present a precise definition and meaning of RVR in PPP projects. The survey results indicate that RVR is viewed as an important concern by professionals and academics. The definition of RVR can be phrased as the risk that on...