Background: Wild boars (Sus scrofa) may cause substantial damage to crops and can spread zoonotic parasites to domestic animals, posing a risk to health and animal production. Metastrongylus spp. can negatively affect the wild boar population, increasing piglet mortality. In addition to that, studies with Metastrongylus genetic characterization are still scarce in Brazil. The present study aims to characterize Metastrongylus spp. from wild boars hunted in the states of São Paulo, Paraná, and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, using traditional morphological description and DNA sequences in an integrative taxonomic approach. Methods: After nematode collection from 58 wild boars, the parasites were morphologically identified and genetically characterized by the amplification of 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), 28S rDNA, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and cox-1 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Descriptors of infection were determined and Pearson's Chi-square test was applied to compare the prevalence of infections among the identified parasite species, host age group (juveniles and adults), and sex. The Mann–Whitney U test was performed to compare the mean intensity between the age groups and sex. Results: Metastrongylus salmi, Metastrongylus apri, and Metastrongylus pudendotectus were identified in 77.6% (45/58) of the necropsied wild boars. Metastrongylus salmi was the most prevalent and abundant species (70.7%, 11.1), followed by M. pudendotectus (18.9%, 4.3) and M. apri (17.2%, 2.2). Metastrongylus pudendotectus showed the highest mean intensity and range (25.2, 1–93), followed by M. salmi (15.7, 1–58) and M. apri (12.6, 3–27). We found a significantly higher prevalence of Metastrongylus spp. and M. salmi in adult wild boars, probably associated with a more prolonged time of exposure to intermediate host species. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that ITS2 region and cox-1 mtDNA are the most suitable genetic markers for Metastrongylus species characterization. Genetic variability between M. apri and M. salmi isolates was verified. Conclusions: We expand the knowledge about the Metastrongylus community in the non-captive wild boar population from Brazil as well as the importance of this exotic species in the maintenance of Metastrongylus spp. in its areas of occurrence. The novel genetic sequences obtained may help further studies to understand the genetic diversity in other nematode populations from Brazil and other countries. Graphical

The wild boar, an impactful invasive species in Brazil, is subject to population control activities, which often include the use of hunting dogs. Hunters commonly consume wild boar meat, which is also used to feed their dogs, posing a risk of Toxoplasma gondii infection for humans and both T. gondii and Neospora caninum for dogs. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection in wild boars (n = 127) and hunting dogs (n = 73) from São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, and Paraná states. We employed histopathological, serological (indirect fluorescent antibody test), and molecular techniques (endpoint polymerase chain reaction). Histopathology slides of wild boar tissue (central nervous system, heart, skeletal muscle, liver, spleen, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, lymph nodes, and thyroid) sections revealed no T. gondii or N. caninum cysts (0/47). Antibodies anti-T. gondii were detected in 35/108 (32.4%) and anti-N. caninum in 45/108 (41.7%) wild boars. Only 2/18 (11.1%) wild boar tissue homogenate samples tested positive for T. gondii on endpoint PCR. Hunting dogs showed antibodies against T. gondii in 62/73 (85%) and against N. caninum in 31/73 (42%). The presence of antibodies against T. gondii and N. caninum in wild boars and hunting dogs, along with T. gondii DNA detection in wild boars, indicates the circulation of these parasites. Educating hunters on preventing these foodborne diseases, including zoonotic risks, is crucial.

Two experiments were conducted to determine which part of the empty body of Boer × Saanen intact male kids can be used to predict the chemical composition of the whole body. In the first experiment, kids were fed ad libitum and slaughtered at 5, 10, and 15 kg body weight (BW). Eighteen animals were group-fed at three intake levels (ad libitum or restricted to 30% and 60% of the ad libitum level). When the ad libitum animal in the group reached 15 kg BW, all animals in the group were slaughtered. In the second experiment, kids were fed ad libitum and slaughtered at 15, 20, and 25 kg BW. Twenty-one animals were group-fed at three intake levels and slaughtered when the ad libitum animal within the group reached 25 kg BW. Analyzed body parts included head + feet, hide, organs, neck, shoulder, ribs, loin, leg, 9–11th ribs, and half carcass. Principal component and cluster analyses showed that the neck, 9–11th ribs, and loin had the highest frequency of grouping with the empty body. These body parts were used to develop prediction models for estimating body composition. The neck, loin, and 9–11th ribs accurately and precisely predicted the dry matter, ash, fat, protein, and energy body composition of goats, with most models also incorporating BW as a predictor variable. The equations showed root mean squared error (RMSE) lower than 13.5% and a concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) greater than 0.84. Fat and protein concentrations in the loin and neck were also reliable predictors of empty body energy composition (RMSE = 2.9% of mean and concordance correlation coefficient = 0.93). Removing the loin and 9–11th ribs could reduce the carcass retail price. Using the neck to estimate body composition in growing Boer × Saanen goats provides a valuable alternative for nutrition studies, given its low commercial value.

A leishmaniose é uma importante zoonose causada por mosquitos do gênero Lutzomyia spp. A doença apresenta dois tipos: leishmaniose visceral (LV) e leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA), sendo que a

Anais ReproGEAS 2021 (978-65-5941-601-1) - Avaliação Da Oviposição De Papagaio-Verdadeiro (Amazona Aestiva) Em Cativeiro