This study developed a multiple linear regression model to estimate the Average rural prices (ARP) in Mexico with information taken from the period 1999-2018. The variables used to generate this model were the supply and demand as represented by planted area, yield, exports and the ARP of Agave Tequilero and Mezcalero. The analysis was carried out through the multiple linear regression model (MLRM) with the least squares method and using the statistical package R. The following variables were identified as having a significant influence on the determination of the ARP: the yield of Agave Mezcalero (YAM), the ARP of Agave Tequilero and the new planted area of Agave Tequilero (NPAATt-6) with an adjustment of 6 periods. Overall, three models were generated: model 2 was considered the most appropriate because it allows carrying out future forecasts with the new planted area with Agave Tequilero with 2 independent variables. YAM and NPAATt-6 were useful in predicting 65.5% of the annual variations in the ARP and helped recognize the negative trend of the Agave price from 2020 to 2024. Therefore, the use of the MLRM to estimate the Agave ARP can be a useful tool in predicting the performance of this crop.

In the academic literature, the analysis and description of the mezcal agave production chain has been approached from different perspectives. Most agree on the cultural, social, and economic importance of the chain for developing rural communities in Mexico. Directly and indirectly, the growth in the production of mezcal and its acceptance in the national and international markets contribute to the economy of the value chain participants, from the nurseryman to the marketer. However, most studies have focused on studying the physicochemical characteristics of mezcal and the physiology of agave. However, issues related to the culture, social value, and economy of the mezcal families of the indigenous and rural communities, who since ancient times have dedicated themselves to this activity as a means of family production, have been neglected which, although it began as a production for self-consumption and ceremonial, today its commercialization is the primary source of economic income for small producers and the means of subsistence for peasant families that depend on the production and commercialization of agave and mezcal. The book aims to understand and identify the social, cultural, economic, and environmental factors that positively or negatively affect the environment where the chain's different links operate. Each chapter provides knowledge about mezcal production systems from a social, cultural, economic, and environmental approach of mezcal agave, from the perception of producers, consumers, and managers, to raise awareness about the socioeconomic value of the agave-mezcal chain and generate strategies that facilitate the positioning of mezcal producers. En la literatura académica, el análisis y descripción de la cadena productiva del agave mezcal se ha abordado desde diferentes perspectivas. La mayoría coinciden en la importancia cultural, social y económica que tiene la cadena para el desarrollo de las comunidades rurales de México. Directa e indirectamente el crecimiento en la producción del mezcal y su aceptación en el mercado nacional e internacional favorece la economía de los participantes de cada uno de los eslabones de la cadena, desde el viverista hasta el comercializador. No obstante, la mayoría de los estudios se han enfocado en estudiar en las características fisicoquímicas del mezcal, la fisiología del agave. pero, se han descuidado temas relacionadas con la cultura, valor social, y la economías las familias mezcaleras de las comunidades indígenas y rurales, que desde tiempos ancestrales se han dedicado a esta actividad como medio de producción familiar; que, si bien inició como una producción para autoconsumo y ceremonial, hoy en día su comercialización es la principal fuente de ingreso económico para los pequeños productores y el medio de subsistencia para las familias campesinas que dependen de la producción y comercialización del agave y mezcal. El objetivo del libro es comprender e identificar los diferentes factores sociales, culturales, económicos y ambientales que afectan positiva o negativamente el entorno en el que operan los diferentes eslabones de la cadena. Cada capítulo de este libro aporta conocimiento sobre los sistemas de producción del mezcal, desde un enfoque social, cultural, económico y ambiental del agave mezcal, desde la percepción de productores, consumidores y gestores para concientizar sobre el valor socioeconómico de la cadena agave-mezcal y generar estrategias que facilite el posicionamiento de los productores mezcaleros.

Sub-watershed prioritization is essential for developing watershed management plans that maximize impact with minimal resources. This study used a multicriteria decision-making approach to rank sub-watersheds by degradation status in the Huehuetan River Basin, Chiapas, Mexico. The eight sub-watersheds in the basin were classified using the Analytic Network Process (ANP) model, evaluating morphometry, hydrology, hillslope stability, soil water saturation, land-use change, and socioeconomic factors. The results identified hydrology and land-use change as the most influential criteria, with weights of 20.62% and 19.82%, respectively, driven mainly by surface runoff and deforestation. Swtr 08 and Swtr 07 were identified as the highest-priority sub-watersheds, covering 24.31% of the basin area, with 55.31% of Swtr 08 classified as unstable and showing a combined high-vegetation loss of 16.46 km². The entire watershed showed an annual vegetation loss rate of 146 ha year⁻¹. Increasing the weighting by 50% resulted in greater variability in priority rankings, with runoff and low vegetation showing maximum global ranges of −44.33% and 30.25%, respectively, instability decreasing by 33.94%, and peak flow increasing by 18.20%. These findings emphasize the need for focused interventions in the vulnerable subwatersheds of the upper basin to manage runoff, curb deforestation, and reduce soil instability.

The availability of water resources has significantly decreased in recent years. Therefore, it is essential to design comprehensive management strategies at the watershed level. This study included a methodological novelty by combining morphometric analysis with multicriteria analysis to prioritize sub-watersheds in the Las Flores Watershed (LFW), located in Chiapas, Mexico. The LFW catchment area covers 2517.96 km² and was divided into 29 sub-watersheds. Morphometric analysis, based on physical characteristics (shape, stream network, and relief), allows us to infer the level of susceptibility to erosion of a watershed. However, to improve the prioritization of sub-watersheds, the erosion rate (EA) was estimated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), as well as rainfall intensity and curve number. The results show that sub-watersheds SW₂₀ and SW₁₅ have the highest predicted EA values, that is, 234.76 and 222.10 t ha⁻¹, respectively. The final prioritization framework established that the sub-watersheds classified as very high priority were SW₂₀, SW₂₈, SW₁₅, SW₂₁, and SW₀₉, covering an area of 734.19 km², corresponding to 29.16% of the total area of LFW. Therefore, in these sub-watersheds, the immediate implementation of water regulation structures and conservation practices is required to minimize their susceptibility to water erosion.

El agrupamiento de los individuos en organizaciones cobra importancia desde la familia, hasta grandes corporaciones; estas organizaciones cumplen roles para alcanzar objetivos coordinados, transforman, reúnen y están hechas para resolver problemas. En Oaxaca la industria del mezcal es una actividad que dinamiza la economía; al ser una estructura completa ha tenido la necesidad de conformar organizaciones que trabajan para mejorar las condiciones del sector (Organismos Certificadores, Sistema Producto, Mujeres del Mezcal, Clúster del Mezcal, Academia sensorial, Cámara Nacional); sin embargo, se desconocen sus funciones específicas, cómo están integradas y la manera en que están logrando beneficios para la industria. El objetivo de este capítulo fue caracterizar a las organizaciones de la industria del mezcal en Oaxaca, con el propósito de identificar sus principales objetivos y estrategias. Este documento analiza cómo productores de mezcal y gobierno pueden fortalecer colaboraciones eficientes, servir de referencia académica y reforzar la identidad organizacional en el sector. La investigación sugirió un diseño cualitativo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a los agentes claves de cada organización y observación directa durante el periodo de julio 2022 a mayo 2023. Se encontró que las estrategias organizacionales varían desde la capacitación y asistencia técnica hasta la mejora de condiciones para pequeños productores, mostrando una diversidad de enfoques y una adaptabilidad estratégica ante los desafíos del mercado. Finalmente, la investigación revela un avance hacia la inclusividad en la industria del mezcal, destacando la participación femenina y un consenso sobre la promoción, desarrollo de marcas, protección de la denominación de origen y sustentabilidad.

Background: Sustainability is a central issue for higher education institutions. Few studies have provided information on how academic events address sustainability both in their organization and in the impact they seek. Objetive: Therefore, this study aimed to explore the contribution of academic events to agricultural sustainability in Mexico through the analysis of scientific documents from the SCOPUS database from 2000 to 2024 and semi-structured interviews with experts. Methodology: A scientific mapping was conducted using VOSviewer, along with a frequency analysis in the R statistical package, on 132 articles sourced from the Scopus database. A qualitative content analysis was carried out through interviews with 7 experts in the organization of academic events. The data were organized into meaning units, assigned codes, and grouped into categories. Subsequently, themes reflecting meanings related to academic events and sustainability were abstracted. Results: It was found that the diversity of participants in academic events promotes the dissemination and adoption of sustainable practices. Hybrid events and waste reduction are tools for reducing environmental impact. Challenges remain in translating theoretical sustainability concepts into concrete actions. Conclusion: It is concluded that the contribution of academic events to sustainability is substantially based on the diversity of participants, the promotion and dissemination of its importance, the development of community approaches, and local participation.