Xyleborus beetles, a diverse group of ambrosia beetles, present challenges to forestry and agriculture due to their damaging burrowing behavior and symbiotic relationships with fungi. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the biology, ecology, and management of Xyleborus. We explore the beetles’ life cycle, reproductive strategies, habitat preferences, and feeding habits, emphasizing their ecological and economic impacts. Control and management strategies, including preventive measures, chemical and biological control, and integrated pest management (IPM), are critically evaluated. Recent advances in molecular genetics and behavioral studies offer insights into genetic diversity, population structure, and host selection mechanisms. Despite progress, managing Xyleborus effectively remains challenging. This review identifies future research needs and highlights innovative control methods, such as biopesticides and pheromone-based trapping systems.

Xyleborus beetles, a diverse group of ambrosia beetles, present significant challenges to forestry and agriculture due to their damaging burrowing behavior and symbiotic relationships with fungi. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the biology, ecology, and management of Xyleborus. We explore the beetles' life cycle, reproductive strategies, habitat preferences, and feeding habits, emphasizing their ecological and economic impacts. Control and management strategies, including preventive measures, chemical and biological control, and integrated pest management (IPM), are critically evaluated. Recent advances in molecular genetics and behavioral studies offer insights into genetic diversity, population structure, and host selection mechanisms. Despite progress, managing Xyleborus effectively remains challenging. This review identifies future research needs and highlights innovative control methods, such as biopesticides and pheromone-based trapping systems.

El control de plagas es esencial para la agricultura y la seguridad alimentaria; sin embargo, el uso intensivo de insecticidas sintéti-cos ha favorecido la resistencia en insectos, efectos adversos en organismos no objetivo y un mayor impacto ambiental. Las plan-tas representan una fuente natural de compuestos bioactivos a través de sus metabolitos secundarios, los cuales participan en la defensa química y en la comunicación planta–insecto. Terpenos, fenoles, alcaloides, glucosinolatos y saponinas muestran activi-dad insecticida y ofrecen alternativas dentro del manejo inte-grado de plagas. No obstante, su uso requiere evaluaciones rigu-rosas. Entonces, ¿lo “natural” siempre es mejor y más seguro?