(1) Background: Self-medication, defined as the use of medications without professional supervision, is a common practice that presents both potential benefits and significant risks. This study analyzes the prevalence, patterns, and determinants of self-medication among health professionals in Spain. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed with 438 health professionals, predominantly women (81.1%), with a median age of 42 years. The majority of the healthcare workers were nurses (45%). (3) Results: The results revealed a high prevalence of self-medication (59.4%). Analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs were the most commonly used. Age and professional knowledge emerged as significant factors influencing this behavior. The main reasons for self-medication included the mildness of symptoms, easy access to medications, and previous successful experiences. Digital sources, especially websites, were the most consulted. Confidence in artificial intelligence tools as a clinical resource was moderate, with 18% of participants consulting AI tools, a rate comparable to the 19.5% for scientific databases. Logistic regression analysis identified age, knowledge of recommended doses, and perceived efficacy as significant predictors, while concern about risks acted as a protective factor. (4) Conclusions: This study highlights the need for educational interventions aimed at promoting responsible self-medication practices and mitigating associated risks among healthcare professionals.

Background/Objectives: Nursing diagnosis is a complex process that requires clinical judgment, time, and resources and whose implementation is hindered by factors such as workload, lack of time, and resistance to computerized systems. This study aimed to compare the quality and efficiency of care plans generated by nursing professionals versus those produced by an artificial intelligence (AI) model, using the NANDA, NOC, and NIC taxonomies as criteria. Methods: An observational study was carried out with three simulated clinical cases. Thirty experts, fifty-four nursing professionals, and the ChatGPT model (GPT-4) were included. The experts established the referral plans using the Delphi technique. Responses were evaluated with a validated rubric (EADE-2) and analyzed using nonparametric tests. Professionals’ perceptions on the use of computer systems were also collected. Results: ChatGPT scored significantly higher on several dimensions (p < 0.001) and resolved all three cases in 35 s, compared to an average of 30 min for practitioners. Professionals expressed dissatisfaction with current diagnostic documentation systems. Conclusions: AI demonstrates high potential in optimizing the diagnostic process in nursing, although for its implementation human supervision, ethical aspects and improvements in current systems must be considered to achieve effective integration.

Background: Since 2020, there has been a significant increase in sexually transmitted infections (STIs), especially in young people, and these include syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and lymphogranuloma venereum, which are often asymptomatic but with the potential for transmission. In addition, certain risk behaviors, such as the use of dating apps, pornography, and substance use, reduce adherence to barrier methods, especially in men, thus facilitating the spread of these infections. Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study aimed to explore the relationship between the use of dating apps, drug and pornographic material consumption, and STI history in university students of the health sciences. Results: The sample consisted of 730 participants. The results indicated that individuals who identified as gay, lesbian, or bisexual reported significantly higher rates of dating app use, drug use, and pornography consumption compared to those who identified as heterosexual. Also, these groups showed lower adherence to contraceptive and protective methods. A statistical analysis revealed a relationship between the use of dating apps and increased sexual risk behaviors, suggesting that the accessibility of these platforms could influence the frequency and type of sexual contact. Conclusions: The increase in the prevalence of STIs in recent years has highlighted the urgency of strengthening prevention and sexual health promotion strategies, especially in young and high-risk populations. This study emphasizes the need for early and targeted interventions in high-risk groups to reduce the incidence of STIs and promote responsible sexual health practices.

Background: Caring for dependent people is an intense task that leads family caregivers to suffer physical or mental pathologies. Resilience is a protective factor that makes an individual more resistant to adverse events. Some characteristics of the caregiver or the care provided predispose the caregiver to be less resilient. Knowing these characteristics will allow us to detect vulnerable caregivers. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with caregiver resilience and establish a predictive model, including the relationship between preparedness, burden, resilience, and anxiety. Materials and Methods: The study design was descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional, with purposive sampling. The sample included 172 family caregivers of care-dependent patients in Spain. Questionnaires were administered to assess caregiver resilience, anxiety, burden, and the preparedness of care-dependent patients. Correlation, univariate, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with resilience. Results: We found that there is a correlation between resilience, preparation, and burden. Factors related to resilience include age, the caregiver’s health status, kinship, childcare, and state aid granted. Caregiver preparedness is the factor that most predicts caregiver resilience in our model. Caregivers with high levels of resilience also demonstrated high levels of preparedness and experienced less burden than those with low levels of resilience. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the relevance of improving the preparation of family caregivers to increase their resilience and, at the same time, the quality of care provided.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, public confrontations between people who had agreed to be vaccinated and those who had not, highlighted the relevance of the deepening dissemination of violent and discriminatory expressions and determined a level of perception of hate discourses. Method: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out, based on an innovative methodology: simulations of WhatsApp conversations. In addition, the following variables were considered among others: level of empathy, personality traits and conflict resolution. Results: The participants were 567 nursing students (413 females, 153 males and 1 person who did not identify with any gender). The results showed that, for the most part, the participants correctly identified hate speech, but were unable to discern the frame of reference. Conclusions: It is necessary to implement intervention strategies to minimize the impact of hate speech, which continues to be used on many levels to harass others, justify violence or undermine rights, generating an environment of prejudice and intolerance that encourages discrimination and violent attacks against certain individuals or collectives.

Previous research suggests that certain personality traits, such as extraversion and openness, may be associated with sexual risk behaviors (SRB). Exploring psychological and social factors is critical to guide effective sexual health promotion. Background/Objectives: To examine the associations between sociodemographic characteristics, personality traits, sexual attitudes, and risky sexual behaviors among health science students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 730 health science students (median age: 21 years, IQR: 20–22 years) using validated questionnaires on personality (BPQ), sexual attitudes (BSAS), and sociodemographic factors. Non-parametric tests and logistic regressions were performed. Results: The results highlight significant differences in sexual attitudes based on sociodemographic characteristics, such as sexual orientation, type of relationship and cohabitation. High levels of pornography consumption are associated with drug use and greater permissiveness. A relationship was established between condom use and openness and intellect. Drug use scored high on extraversion and permissiveness. In relation to the use of dating apps, a positive relationship was found with permissiveness and substance use. Conclusions: The findings reveal a relationship between personality, sociodemographic characteristics, and risky behaviors, underscoring the need for tailored strategies in sexual health education for young adults.