Background Patients need to be educated and all possible treatment alternatives should be explored. Patients should be given options that they can choose from based on their demographic information, clinical information, and possible options for treating a given issue. This is especially true in elective surgery. The concept of safety plays a major part in every field, particularly in medicine. The patient’s safety is a key factor for a better experience and a better outcome. Objective This study aims to determine patient perceptions of surgical safety with an emphasis on surgical team interaction throughout the phases of care. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional prospective study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Patients undergoing elective surgery and hospitalized for more than 24 hours were asked to give their opinions regarding interactions between them and the surgical teams, including the nurses, anesthesiologists, and surgeons who operated on them. Only patients aged 18 or above were included in the sample. The analysis was carried out using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 25 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY). Results More than 70% of the study respondents had had more than one surgery. One hundred and ten of the study respondents said that the specific surgeons who attended to them encouraged them to ask questions. The majority of the respondents (76.7%) said that the surgical team gave them definite physical comfort, while the rest (23.3%) stated that they got somewhat less physical comfort from the surgical team. The average rating of the satisfaction pre-surgery was mean (M) = 8.51, standard deviation (SD) = 1.9, (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.19 - 8.83) while the average satisfaction rating for postoperative care was M = 9.05, SD = 1.35, (95% CI: 8.82 - 9.27). Conclusions Most patients valued surgeon-patient interaction as it was seen to reduce pre-surgery anxiety, helped in giving options, and improved the patient’s overall understanding of the surgical procedure. Surgical teams are generally highly rated in terms of overall service pre- and post-surgery.

Background: Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) represents a challenging condition characterised by poor prognosis and limited response to chemoradiotherapy. In this retrospective study, we compared the survival outcomes of first-line ICI regimens versus single-agent TKIs in patients with mRCC from two centres in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study included 84 patients diagnosed with clear cell mRCC between January 2016 and December 2023. Patients were grouped based on treatment regimens. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analysed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: The median first-line PFS was 9.7 months (95% CI: 5.3–14.1) for the overall cohort, with no significant difference between the single-agent tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) group (9.4 months; 95% CI: 6.4–12.4), combination ICI group (9.0 months; 95% CI: 0.0–24.9), and single-agent ICI group (21.2 months; 95% CI: 2.6–39.8; p = 0.591). The median OS for the overall cohort was 42.0 months (95% CI: 14.9–69.2), with the single-agent TKI group having a median OS of 33.3 months (95% CI: 0.0–71.7), the combination ICI group, 42.0 months (95% CI: 0.06–84.0), and the single-agent ICI group, 23.0 months (95% CI: 19.2–26.7; p = 0.73). In comparison, the ICI-based combination therapy group exhibited a higher ORR of 41.0% (95% CI: 26.3–57.8%), while the single-agent ICI group had an ORR of 20.0% (95% CI: 3.5–55.8%). Cox regression identified liver metastasis as a significant independent predictor of PFS (HR = 1.8, p = 0.043), while a lower Karnofsky Performance Status was a significant independent predictor of OS (HR = 3.5, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In real-world practice from Saudi Arabia, first-line, single-agent ICI therapy offers promising anti-tumour activity and non-inferior survival outcomes compared to standard ICI-based combinations and single-agent TKIs.