The article presents results of investigation the impact of modern climate change on the environment in the taiga zone of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Ugra. Long-term indicators of average annual air temperature and the duration of the occurrence of stable snow cover are given according to some meteorological stations in the region. The response of the natural environment is determined based on the analysis of phenological processes under the conditions of climate change in the studied territory. Hazardous hydrometeorological phenomena observed on the territory in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Ugra are presented.

This study analyzes the forest flammability hazard in the south of Tyumen Oblast (Western Siberia, Russia) and identifies variation patterns in fire areas depending on weather and climate characteristics in 2008–2023. Using correlation analysis, we proved that the area of forest fires is primarily affected by maximum temperature, relative air humidity, and the amount of precipitation, as well as by global climate change associated with an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the maximum height of snow cover. As a rule, a year before the period of severe forest fires in the south of Tyumen Oblast, the height of snow cover is insignificant, which leads to insufficient soil moisture in the following spring, less or no time for the vegetation to enter the vegetative phase, and the forest leaf floor remaining dry and easily flammable, which contributes to an increase in the fire area. According to the estimates of the CMIP6 project climate models under the SSP2-4.5 scenario, by the end of the 21st century, a gradual increase in the number of summer temperatures above 35 °C is expected, whereas the extreme SSP5-8.5 scenario forecasts the tripling in the number of such hot days. The forecast shows an increase of fire hazardous conditions in the south of Tyumen Oblast by the late 21st century, which should be taken into account in the territory’s economic development.

Geographic information systems and technologies play an important role in land monitoring. The data obtained via land monitoring is essential for state authorities and local self-government bodies developing regulatory legal acts, targeted programs, general land-use plans, land-use schemes, implementing the land management procedures and plans, working on the prospects for rational land use and land protection, and making management decisions on the area development. Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Area-Yugra is currently facing some adverse and dangerous natural processes that can lead to emergencies and make a negative impact on the quality of land resources in the region. There is an urgent need for monitoring adverse natural processes to take them into account when planning the development of territorial systems. This paper will consider the results of studying natural risk zones and determine the degree of natural hazard in the region. The author will identify flooding zones for several local settlements and analyze the spread of natural fires within the boundaries of municipal regions, forestry and kinship lands in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Area-Yugra. Using the geo-information media, the author develops cartographic material reflecting certain land parameters, essential for assessing the environmental state and supporting economic activity in the region.

Статья посвящена исследованиям, проводимым в Европе в рамках выявления взаимосвязи изменения климата и здоровья человека. Отмечены ключевые положения и выводы обобщающих докладов Межправительственной группы экспертов по изменению климата. Рассмотрено прямое и косвенное влияние изменений климата на здоровье человека. Согласно исследованиям Европейского регионального бюро ВОЗ, основными опасными факторами, приводящими к увеличению бремени заболеваний населения, связанных с изменением климата, являются: волны жары и холода, экстремальные гидрометеорологические ситуации, дефицит питьевой воды надлежащего качества, нарушение инфраструктуры как следствие участившихся опасных гидрометеорологических явлений, повышение степени загрязнения атмосферного воздуха в крупных населенных пунктах, деградация зон вечной мерзлоты. Проанализированы инициативы в области адаптации к негативным изменениям климата, проводимые в Европейском регионе. Обзор оформлен с учетом рекомендаций руководства «Предпочтительные параметры отчетности для систематических обзоров и мета-анализа (PRISMA)». Для проведения информационного поиска использовались базы данных Scopus, Web of Science, eLIBRARY.RU, КиберЛенинка и другие.

At present, various world regions face statistically significant weather anomalies indicating transformations in the climate system. Climate change processes are manifested both at the global and regional levels under local physical and geographical conditions. Northern regions, where climate change is clearly observed, experience extreme weather phenomena able to affect the quality of land resources, livelihoods of the population, and the local economy. Depending on their distribution, manifestation, frequency and quantitative parameters, these phenomena are often characterized by a destructive potential which entails a need to monitor the unfavorable natural processes in order to take them into account when planning the territory. This paper analyses some dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena associated with climate changes observed in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Area Yugra.