Background/Objectives: Wound healing relies on a coordinated process with the participation of different mediators. Natural products are a source of active compounds with healing potential. Isoorientin is a natural flavone recognized as having several pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory effects, making it a potential treatment for wounds. We investigated the effect of isoorientin on the healing of excisional skin wounds. Methods: Male Swiss mice were subjected to the induction of excisional skin wounds (6 mm diameter) and treated with a vehicle (2% dimethyl sulfoxide in propylene glycol) or 2.5% isoorientin applied topically once a day for 14 days. The wound area was measured on days 0, 3, 7, and 14. Histopathological analyses were performed on the cicatricial tissue after 14 days. The myeloperoxidase activity and the interleukin-1β, tumoral necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin-6 concentrations were determined on the third day. Results: We observed that 3 days after the topical application of isoorientin, the lesion area was significantly smaller when compared to those of the vehicle (p < 0.01) and control (p < 0.05) groups. No difference was observed after 7 and 14 days of induction. Despite this, on day 14, histological analysis of cicatricial tissue from the animals treated with isoorientin showed reduced epidermal thickness (p < 0.001) and increased collagen deposition (p < 0.001). These effects were accompanied by decreased myeloperoxidase activity and interleukin-1β concentration on the third day of induction, without alteration in TNF-α and interleukin-6. Conclusions: The treatment with isoorientin promoted better tissue repair in excisional wounds in mice, which may be linked to the modulation of the early inflammatory response.

Biochanin A (BCA), a phytoestrogen with broad therapeutic potential, is a promising molecule for alleviating post-menopausal symptoms and treating disorders related to reproductive metabolism. Nevertheless, the effect of BCA on inflammatory changes caused by postmenopausal obesity is unclear. Thus, this study focused on investigating the impact of BCA on the adipose tissue and liver of ovariectomized (OVX) mice subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD). We found that BCA treatment reduced the crown-like structures (CLS), adipocyte area, and hypertrophic adipocyte distribution. This was accompanied by an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-10 and the expression of Mrc1 (CD206), a marker for M2 macrophages. Furthermore, there was a reduction in the extent of hepatic steatosis, triglyceride content, and the expression of Nos2, the M1 marker. We concluded that BCA exerted an anti-inflammatory response in the tissues, promoting a resolving profile, although the metabolic profile of the animals was not altered. This study was the first to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effect of BCA in ovariectomized animals with established obesity.

The eosinophils in the uterus was associated with the successful implantation of the embryo. In addition, they are prevalent in the female reproductive tract, where they may contribute to remodeling and maintenance of epithelial integrity. However, the mechanisms by which eosinophils migrate into the uterus are still not entirely clear, since there are a variety of chemotactic factors that can cause migration of these cells. Therefore, to evaluate the CCR3 participation on eosinophil migration, we using ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice treated with CCR3 antagonist SB328437 and 17-β-estradiol (E2). Thus, it was possible to confirm the hypothesis that the CCR3 receptor has an important role in the migration of these cells to the uterus of mice, because it was clearly observed histologically that the antagonist reduces this migration and activity eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) corroborated this result. Concomitant to this, there was a 46% reduction in uterine edema, as demonstrated by the uterus weight and histology. Together, these data suggest that the CCR3 is an important receptor involved in the eosinophils regulation in uterus, including influencing the uterine edema.

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