Background: Rectal prolapse (RP) predominantly affects women over the age of 50 and presents as mucosal, internal, or full thickness prolapse. Strangulated rectal prolapse requires immediate medical intervention, and surgical treatment options include both abdominal and perineal approaches. We aim to present a case series of perineal rectosigmoidectomy performed urgently due to strangulation and argue that Altemeier’s procedure is the preferred method for treating strangulated rectal prolapse. Methods: Perineal rectosigmoidectomy, particularly Altemeier’s procedure, is effective for incarcerated cases. Altemeier’s procedure with diverting ileostomy was used in all three patients. Results: All patients were successfully treated, with no recurrence of prolapse and stool incontinence. Conclusions: Altemeier’s procedure is ideal for the treatment of strangulated rectal prolapse.

Background/Objectives: Ogilvie’s syndrome, or acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO), is defined by acute colonic dilatation without mechanical obstruction and carries a risk of ischemia and perforation if not promptly managed. Treatment strategies include conservative supportive care, neostigmine administration, colonoscopic decompression, and combinations of these approaches. The aim of this study was to compare the relative effectiveness of these interventions for symptom resolution using a network meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, and grey literature was conducted from inception in February 2025 to November 2025. Prospective cohort and case–control studies evaluating conservative supportive care, neostigmine, colonoscopic decompression, or their combinations were included. A random-effects network meta-analysis was performed using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Treatment ranking was assessed using surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: Four studies comprising 172 patients were included. Compared with supportive care alone, supportive care combined with neostigmine was associated with higher odds of symptom resolution (network OR 13.86, 95% CI 3.06–62.83). Supportive care combined with colonoscopic decompression demonstrated an even greater effect (network OR 65.65, 95% CI 11.70–368.50). Colonoscopic decompression versus neostigmine yielded a network OR of 4.74 (95% CI 1.17–19.25). SUCRA rankings indicated that colonoscopic decompression combined with supportive care had the highest probability of being the most effective strategy. Conclusions: Active interventions, particularly colonoscopic decompression or neostigmine combined with supportive care, were associated with a higher incidence of symptom resolution compared to supportive care alone. Larger comparative studies are needed to confirm these findings and refine treatment selection.

Background/Objectives: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease in which alterations in the gut microbiota and dietary lipid composition play a central role; this study aimed to evaluate the effects of synbiotics, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and their combination on clinical, macroscopic, microbiological, and histopathological outcomes in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in Wistar rats. Methods: Seventy-two male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to four groups (n = 18/group) and received 5% DSS in drinking water for eight days to induce colitis. Following DSS withdrawal and histological confirmation of colitis in sentinel animals, groups were treated for 8 days as follows: DSS (control), DSS-S (synbiotics, Ecologic^® 825), DSS-Ω3 (omega-3 fatty acid-enriched diet, ProSure^®), or DSS-S&Ω3 (combined therapy). Eight rats per group were sacrificed on days 4 and 8 post-DSS. Body weight, Disease Activity Index (DAI), distal colon length, hematologic parameters, bacterial translocation to the liver and mesenteric lymph nodes, histological colitis score, and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive cell counts were assessed. Results: DSS induced severe colitis characterized by diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and extensive mucosal erosions. After 8 days of treatment, the DSS-S&Ω3 group showed the greatest body-weight recovery (206.1→222.9 g, p < 0.05 vs. other groups), significantly preserved distal colon length, and the largest reduction in DAI (p < 0.05). Both the DSS-S and DSS-S&Ω3 groups demonstrated reduced bacterial translocation compared with DSS. The DSS-Ω3 group demonstrated persistent MPO-positive neutrophil infiltration compared with the DSS-S and DSS-S&Ω3 groups, whereas combined therapy was associated with lower MPO-positive cell counts. Histological colitis scores were significantly improved only in the DSS-S&Ω3 group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In this DSS colitis model, the DSS-S&Ω3 group demonstrated superior clinical and histological outcomes compared with DSS-S or DSS-Ω3 alone, supporting further evaluation of combined synbiotic and omega-3 therapy as an adjunctive approach in ulcerative colitis.