Background: This study aimed to conduct a narrative review approaching the effects of exclusive breastfeeding on neuropsychomotor development. The goal was to provide evidence-based knowledge to inform healthcare practices and policies and promote optimized infant feeding strategies. Methods: Our study reviewed the relevant literature from May and June 2024, covering the publication period between 2013 and 2024. The PubMed database was utilized and searched for articles using keywords such as “Brain”, “Growth”, “Development”, and “Breastfeeding”, employing Boolean operators such as “AND”, “OR”, and “NOT.” Results: Our search initially screened 15,412 studies, resulting in 600 articles. Eleven studies met our inclusion criteria and provided relevant information on the topic. Several studies have shown that exclusive breastfeeding and its duration are beneficial for neural development. Research suggests that breastfeeding improves brain architecture, white matter development, and cognitive performance. Additionally, studies indicate that the mother’s intake of omega-3 fatty acids can enhance infant brain development, and specific micronutrients in breast milk, such as myo-inositol, may contribute to neural connectivity. Some findings also suggest that the child’s sex may play a role in how breast milk benefits the brain. Furthermore, there is evidence of the strong influence of epigenetic compounds on the neurodevelopmental benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusions: This narrative review revealed findings that indicate breast milk has a positive impact on brain development. This emphasizes that breast milk has a positive impact on brain development. It underscores the importance of conducting additional research to understand how breastfeeding specifically influences neurodevelopment.

A Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório Agudo (SDRA), caracteriza-se como uma das doenças da prematuridade, ocasionada pela ausência ou então quantidade inadequada de surfactante devido ao pulmão imaturo. A fisioterapia respiratória realiza importante função na UTIN, prevenindo e tratando distúrbios respiratórios. Verificou-se as principais técnicas fisioterapêuticas utilizadas em pacientes com diagnóstico de SDRA. Estudo transversal, realizou-se um levantamento de dados com uso de um formulário online que tem como população fisioterapeutas atuantes em UTIN com foco em pacientes recém-nascidos com Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório Agudo. Os dados foram analisados através do aplicativo Microsoft Excel®, versão Microsoft Office Professional Plus 2019. Foram incluídos no estudo 40 fisioterapeutas com idade entre 18 a 30 anos (52,5%) e do sexo feminino (82,5%). A IG mais atendida por estes fisioterapeutas esteve entre 27 e 28 semanas (80%). As intervenções mais utilizadas nos RN foram AFE (82,5%) e ELPr (52,5%). O Projeto Coala teve uma boa aceitação e implementação na UTIN (80%). Houve utilização da aspiração de rotina em alguns relatos (17,5%) e relataram já utilizarem a tapotagem (5%) e a drenagem postural (37,5%) como forma de tratamento nos RNs com SDRA, mesmo sendo técnicas sem comprovação de eficácia. Os achados deste estudo evidenciaram que os pacientes em sua maioria são beneficiados com o uso das técnicas da fisioterapia possuindo um bom prognóstico no tratamento.

Introduction: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (AOS) can be characterized as a disorder of total or partial obstruction of the upper airways, causing symptoms such as non-restorative sleep, snoring, choking and fatigue associated with cardiovascular diseases, where the VNI uses positive pressures to reduce the work of breathing and increase oxygenation and lung compliance. Objective: To know the profile of CPAP users as a form of treatment for AOS. Methods: This was a descriptive research, carried out in a digital environment, based on validated questionnaires specific for each proposed objective, with data presented as mean and standard deviation or raw data, through SPSS 23.0 with the significance level adopted p<0.05. Results: A total of 82 individuals participated, considering that there were three exclusions for not meeting the inclusion criteria, 79 were evaluated using the PSQI and ESE questionnaires, which evaluated the presence of poor quality sleep without changes in daytime sleepiness of the individuals. Conclusion: it was observed that the use of CPAP for the treatment of OSA improved the users' sleep; even though most of them had a poor quality of sleep, their daytime sleepiness was considered normal.