Observa-se, globalmente, uma sobreposição de dois importantes eventos que afetam diretamente a vida nas cidades: mudanças no comportamento climático e envelhecimento populacional. Essa parcela mais velha da população é também um dos grupos mais vulneráveis aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas, requerendo uma atenção diferenciada na construção de estratégias de adaptação e mitigação desses efeitos. Esta pesquisa objetivou, por meio de uma revisão sistemática de literatura e emprego de bibliometria, compreender e sistematizar o estado da arte de pesquisas acadêmicas sobre a relação entre pessoas idosas e mudanças climáticas. Foi possível perceber avanços importantes nas publicações acerca do tema nos últimos anos, com destaque para China e EUA, os dois países mais poluidores do mundo. Apesar desse aumento, os trabalhos analisados ainda se concentram principalmente nos estudos sobre impacto das mudanças climáticas na saúde da população, em detrimento de outras áreas de conhecimento. Assim, verificou-se uma grande concentração de artigos publicados em periódicos cujo escopo se refere às questões de Saúde Pública, Ambiental e Ocupacional. O estudo identificou uma lacuna no entendimento de como os eventos climáticos podem interferir na qualidade de vida dos idosos que vivem em ambientes urbanos e qual o papel das cidades na mitigação de seus efeitos.

Nature-based solutions have been promoted as an effective strategy to address climate impacts, including urban temperature reduction. In this paper, we analyze the impacts of the introduction of street trees on temperature (Universal Thermal Climate Index, UTCI) for three different dates, 2000, 2023, and 2050. A 3D model was developed in Rhinoceros software for a part of George Town, on Penang Island. Four different sections of streets were simulated after integration of the model with the Grasshopper plug-in, where a parametric system was built for temperature measurements based on simulations in the Ladybug and Honeybee plug-ins. The tree species used were selected from a pool of tree species commonly planted in urban settings in Malaysia that have low and medium sensitivity to climate impacts. The results show a maximum reduction of 7 °C between 2000 and 2050, achieved on a street with an NW–SE orientation that was planted with three rows of trees. The minimum UTCI reduction achieved was 3 °C, between 2023 and 2050, in a street with NW–SE orientation that was planted with one tree row. The two streets with a SW–NE orientation showed a 5 °C temperature reduction between 2023 and 2050. Both streets have only one row of trees but different species and sizes, with the bigger trees reducing the temperature in a slightly larger area. The results show the importance of introducing and safeguarding street trees to reduce urban temperatures in the country, potentially keeping temperatures below life-threatening levels, thereby safeguarding urban health, while also reducing costs of energy consumption. Solar orientation, the number of tree rows, and their distribution impact the outcomes. The findings provide useful guidance for climate-conscious urban planning practices in Malaysia.

Um dos efeitos das Mudanças Climáticas é o aumento do nível do mar, que poderá trazer inúmeras consequências negativas para cidades costeiras, especialmente para aquelas mais vulneráveis ou mais populosas. Simultaneamente, as pesquisas em torno de soluções de adaptação que integrem os sistemas humanos e naturais, como as Soluções Baseadas na Natureza (SBN), estão sendo ampliadas, incentivando a adoção de estratégias de mitigação e adaptação mais resilientes. Assim, este artigo apresenta os resultados da revisão sistemática de literatura sobre as técnicas tipo SBN implementadas em regiões costeiras nos cenários de aumento do nível do mar a fim de compreender lacunas, desafios e potencialidades. Os resultados apontam que há ainda poucas publicações sobre o tema, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento, e que a eficácia das SBN está atrelada às condições físicas, culturais e socioeconômicas do lugar, não sendo, portanto, efetivas em qualquer cenário.

The rise in sea levels associated with climate change may have consequences for coastal cities, which need to adapt to minimize their vulnerabilities. It is observed that in some locations, the rise of the oceans is already felt, so adaptation strategies are already being employed. Therefore, the objective of the research is to carry out a documentary review of the climate action plans of cities participating in C40 Cities that may face the consequences of rising sea levels. The methodology used consisted of choosing the cities to be studied, reading and analyzing their action plans, systematizing their content and analyzing the data obtained. The results indicate that there is a difference between the profile of cities that are already prepared to face rising sea levels and those in which effective measures have not yet been taken, especially when comparing the Global North and South. With this, it was concluded that climate change could accentuate the differences between cities in the North – which appears to be more prepared – and the Global South – which may have its vulnerabilities even more accentuated.

Climate change and light pollution are interconnected environmental challenges with combined effects on energy consumption, human health, and the biodiversity of urban ecosystems. However, a better understanding of the combination between the topics is still needed. The objective of this study was to map and compare scientific production on the relationship between light pollution and climate change, covering the period from 2015 to 2025, in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the evolution of this knowledge. The methodology consisted of bibliometric research, using PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, and CAPES Journal Portal databases. Although there was an upward trend during the time frame under review, an analysis of the articles revealed fluctuations in scientific output over the period analyzed, with a concentration of publications in recent years, particularly after 2020. The literature reviewed confirms light pollution as a factor reinforcing climate change, manifested by increased energy use and impacts on urban ecology. In conclusion, although the topic is globally rising, the concentration in a few sources and the marked regional gap signal the urgency of integrating this theme into public policies.

Light pollution is a growing global issue that interferes in the life cycle of humans, fauna, and flora, so it’s necessary to identify and understand its causes to propose mitigation strategies. This research aims to analyze the evolution of the radiance using remote sensing data in Serra, a Brazilian city of approximately 520,000 inhabitants, the most populous municipality in the state of Espírito Santo, in the southeastern Brazil. Serra had one of the highest growth rates in the state, requiring light pollution monitoring due to its potential impact. The research was based on annual remote sensing images acquired from the Visible Infra-red Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). Light pollution in the area analyzed was monitored using maps with radiance emission records generated from 2012 to 2024. These data were cross-referenced with population urban indicators. The methodology used made it possible to identify areas of the city with higher levels of light pollution, which can assist government officials and urban planners in creating control policies or other mitigation actions. The results show a significant increase in light pollution during the period analyzed, higher than expected due to population growth. The lighting of public squares and main avenues is responsible for high levels of radiation, and the urbanized area of the city, which concentrates 99% of the population, is subject to high levels of light pollution, affecting the health of its inhabitants.