The migration of chemical compounds from packaging polymers to food presents a multifaceted challenge with implications for food safety and public health. This review explores the interaction between packaging materials and food products, focusing on permeation, migration, and sorption processes. The different migration mechanisms of contact migration, gas phase migration, penetration migration, set-off migration, and condensation/distillation migration have been discussed comprehensively. The major migrating compounds are plasticizers, nanoparticles, antioxidants, light stabilizers, thermal stabilizers, monomers, oligomers, printing inks, and adhesives, posing potential health risks due to their association with endocrine disruption and carcinogenic effects. Advanced analytical methods help in the monitoring of migrated compounds, facilitating compliance with regulatory standards. Regulatory agencies enforce guidelines to limit migration, prompting the development of barrier coatings and safer packaging alternatives. Furthermore, there is a need to decipher the migration mechanism for mitigating it along with advancements in analytical techniques for monitoring the migration of compounds.

Starch, a vital carbohydrate polymer in plants, has significant applications in food and industrial sectors due to its thickening, gelling, and bulking properties. However, native starch suffers from drawbacks like poor solubility, stability, and retrogradation, limiting its usability. To address these issues, various modification techniques—chemical, enzymatic, and physical—are employed, with nonthermal methods gaining popularity for their environmental and energy efficiency. This article explores advancements in the dual modification of starch, focusing on two nonthermal physical techniques: ultrasonication and cold plasma. The mechanism of interaction of the dual treatment of plasma and ultrasound with the starch granules and its impact on the physicochemical and functional property, morphology, crystallinity, molecular weight, amylopectin branch chain length, and digestibility of starch has been discussed. The dual treatment corroded the surface but caused no impact on the granule shape. On the other hand, the amylopectin long chains, molecular weight, and crystallinity decreased, but the enthalpy and gelatinization temperature increased. Moreover, dual treatment enhanced the thermal stability of starch paste due to the synergistic impact of ultrasonic and plasma reinforcement. Consequently, dual modification showed a remarkable capacity to alter starch with distinct attributes, hence broadening its potential applications in the food industry.

The potential effect of dielectric barrier discharge atmospheric (DBDA) plasma pre-treatment of the guava pomace powder on the evolution of physicochemical, structural and functional properties have been investigated. By single-factor experiments using response surface methodology (RSM), the Box–Behnken experimental results showed that optimum extraction conditions as follows: DBDA plasma treatment condition as 35 kV for 15 min and solvent extraction conditions was determined as 80°C for 360 min caused an increment of the oil yield up to 16.54% when extracted using solvent extractor with ethanol as a solvent. These results indicate that the DBDA plasma treatment previous to the extraction step in the edible oil extraction process can contribute to reduce the duration, increase the oil yield and improves the nutritional quality of the oil. This research helps to develop a novel and economical method for improving the extraction efficiency of oil and to fully valorize the guava fruit processing industrial waste into biomaterial.