Introduction: Medicinal plants have been used for the treatment of both infectious and noninfectious diseases by the majority of the world's population for many years. The low socioeconomic standing of Eastern Cape population suggests that the majority of people use traditional methods of health care. Many of the rural communities in this province have no access to Western medical health care and rely on traditional medicine for their primary health-care needs. Materials and Methods: An ethnobotanical survey was conducted from February 2013 to December 2015 to investigate the use of medicinal plants by the people of Seymour in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Information was gathered from nine traditional healers, seven herbalists, and 18 elderly villagers. Results: The information collected revealed six ailment categories that were treated with a wide range of medicinal plants. A total of 50 plant species belonging to 29 families were reported to be used in the treatment of various ailments. Members of the family Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, and Rutaceae had the highest number of species used in traditional healing. Leaves were reported to be the most frequently used plant part, followed by roots, bark, stem, and then corms and rhizomes. The survey indicated that the most prominent method of herbal administration used is orally via extracts that were obtained by boiling, either as a decoction or concoction. Conclusions: This study has documented important information on medicinal plants used by people, traditional healers, and herbalists of Seymour region in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa to treat various ailments. Abbreviations used: ACE: Angiotensin-converting enzyme; CNS: Central nervous system; ENT: Ear, nose and throat; HIV: Human Immunodeficiency virus; ICF: Informant consensus factor; Nur: Total number of use report; Nt: Number of taxa; TB: Tuberculosis

Euryops floribundus has traditionally been recognized for its therapeutic benefits, although its pharmacological potential has not been fully explored. This study investigated the leaves of E. floribundus for volatile compounds, in vitro anticancer potential, antioxidant activity, and phytochemical composition using standard methods. Terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, and steroids were identified using qualitative screening. FTIR analysis verified that the functional groups corresponded to bioactive substances. Methanol, ethanol, and aqueous extracts showed dose-dependent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Nitric oxide scavenging activity ranged from 7.2% to 22.5% at 2500 μg/mL. GC-MS profiling of essential oils revealed monoterpenes as the primary constituents (60%), with sabinene (27.86%) and terpinen-4-ol (13.63%) as major chemicals. Significant antiproliferative effects were shown by ethanol and methanol extracts against DU-145, PC-3, and SK-UT-1 cancer cell lines with cell viability inhibition ranging from 82.6% to 85.6%, and IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.7 ± 0.02 to 2.7 ± 0.03 µg/mL. These findings support the potential therapeutic uses of E. floribundus leaves and necessitate additional bioassay-guided research since they indicate that the leaves are rich in bioactive phytochemicals with antioxidant and anticancer activities.