From ‘English-only’ to translanguaging strategies: Exploring possibilities

This article investigates university students’ attitudes and perceptions about language in a multilingual country where most instruction is in English and annual national literacy results have been declining for at least 15 years. Despite this decline, English seems to be entrenched as the language of instruction, and at university it seems a foregone conclusion that instruction will occur in English. Bourdieu’s concept of linguistic capital is offered as an explanation for the preponderance of English, but the question is posed: Is the dominance of English as simple as desiring linguistic capital? Do students really regard English as critical to success, and if so, is it to the exclusion of their home languages? The results show that students invest considerable effort in learning English, but not to the exclusion of their home language and with little desire to assimilate with the English culture. The results also provide interesting and sometimes contrasting insights into students’ desired language of instruction.

Academic support for higher education students in multilingual contexts often focuses on the development of separate language proficiencies, on the one hand, and on general study skills, on the other hand. In bi/multilingual education contexts where students are presented with lectures and study material in more than one language, successful students develop specific practices that allow them to exploit their bi/multilingual proficiency, that is, without focusing on one language only. This article reports on a qualitative study conducted with postgraduate students at Stellenbosch University. It probes the strategies and processes that successful bilingual students use when different languages are available to mediate cognitively challenging material. Bilingual strategies and practices that are employed emerged from a series of semi-structured interviews with postgraduate students, and are presented as an insight into bilingual learning.

To improve throughput rates in higher education it is important to investigate ways in which instruction can be made more effective when students have to use language(s) that are not their home or primary language. At the University of Stellenbosch, as is the case elsewhere in South Africa, a language policy and implementation plan was formulated in 2002 to manage language in education issues. One of the options for language use in the class is bilingual teaching which is seen as one way of dealing with language diversity without complete duplication of classes and materials. Most students seem to get by with this kind of support but in this project the question is whether existing bilingual teaching practices at a South African university are efficient from the students’ perspective. This project describes specific stipulations in the language policy and evaluates some of the common practices and the insights they offer into the ways in which students deal with bilingual classes and use bilingual study t...

The way in which academic literacy is acquired is described in the work of many researchers, some of whom speak of students in higher education serving an apprenticeship during which they become acculturated into the discourse of the discipline. But often weaker first-year students will miss the discipline-specific codes that characterise the discourse, making the process of acquisition more difficult. In this article we report on the findings of an in-depth study that explored the experiences of a specific group of under-prepared first-year students on an extended degree programme in order to determine how they sought to acquire academic literacy - this particularly in view of their having been exposed to a dedicated academic literacy module as part of the programme offering. What emerged was an understanding of students, particularly less prepared students, having to negotiate a series of boundaries in order to assume membership of the larger academic community, on the one hand, as well as the ...