Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a primary health concern in both developing and developed countries. Even though some countries are intervening through awareness campaigns to boost IPV knowledge, the high prevalence remains a concern. This study's main objective was to assess IPV factors utilizing the generalized additive mixed model (GAMM).Methodology: The current research used datasets from the 2016 South Africa and Uganda Demographics and Health Surveys involving a total of 8514 and 18506 women, respectively. GAMM was used to examine the data. The result assessed if a woman has experienced some form of intimate violence or not.Results: This study found that 26.93% and 32.25% of women from South Africa and Uganda, respectively, have experienced intimate partner violence. Additionally, the results from this work using GAMM showed the following independent variables as significant risk factors of IPV: age of the woman's partner, marital status, region where the woman lives, age of the woman, media exposure, size of the family, polygamy, wife-beating attitude, sex of the household head, wealth index, pregnancy termination status, body mass index, marital status, cohabitation duration, partner's desire for children, partner's education level, woman's working status, woman's income compared to partner's income, and the person who usually decide on what to do with the woman's earnings.Conclusion: The study shows that socioeconomic and demographic variables are significant factors that can be used in policy development and contingency plans when tackling intimate partner violence. The results of this study can assist general health workers and organizations responsible for gender monitoring in the two countries in developing successful strategies to reduce intimate partner violence against women.

The study focused on the full population of children from Nigeria, where the dataset was obtained from the demographic and health surveys (DHS). About 10245 children were selected for the current study and based on the rapid diagnostic test (RDT) results, there is about 37% prevalence of malaria in children under 5 years old in Nigeria. Malaria is the leading public health concern, that contributes to child mortality in the African region. The Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey (NMIS) 2021 was utilized in this investigation. For the 2021 NMIS, a two-stage sampling technique was used. According to the NIMS study, the children chosen for anaemia and RDT testing were under 5 years of age. A generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to examine malaria RDT findings in conjunction with demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic characteristics. The following underlying risk factors for malaria in children were discovered in the study: altitude, anaemia level, age in months, fever status in the past 2 weeks, toilet facility, main wall material, main roof material, household wealth index, type of place of residence, sex of the child, mother’s education level, and knowledge of the preventative measures that can be used to prevent malaria. Missing data were not deleted in this investigation; instead, multiple imputations utilizing chained equations were used to approximate the missing observation. Based on the results found by using the GLMM, the findings of this study may influence how the government combats malaria in Nigeria. The novelty of this study is that the missing values were not dropped. However, imputation techniques were explored, and multiple imputation by chained equations was used.

In Nigeria, anaemia is still a major public health issue for children under five, and its high prevalence is caused by a variety of risk factors. Conventio