With the continuous development of China’s economy and society, people and the government have higher and higher requirements for food safety. Testing for food dopants and toxins can prevent the occurrence of various adverse health phenomena in the world’s population. By deploying new and powerful sensors that enable rapid sensing processes, the food industry can help detect trace adulteration and toxic substances. At present, as a common food safety detection method, lateral flow immunochromatography (LFI) is widely used in food safety testing, environmental testing and clinical medical treatment because of its advantages of simplicity, speed, specificity and low cost, and plays a pivotal role in ensuring food safety. This paper mainly focuses on the application of lateral flow immunochromatography and new technologies combined with test strips in food safety detection, such as aptamers, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, quantum dots, electrochemical test strip detection technology, biosensor test strip detection, etc. In addition, sensing principles such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer can also more effective. Different methods have different characteristics. The following is a review of the application of these technologies in food safety detection.

Human milk is the gold standard for infant nutrition. This study aimed to develop a camel milk fat-based human milk lipid mimetic whose fatty acid (FA) composition, structural properties, and in vitro digestibility more closely resemble those of human milk fat than conventional vegetable oil-based formulas. Camel milk (CM) fat was physically blended with sunflower, rapeseed, palm kernel, fish oils, and 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol using a computational optimization model to approximate the total and sn-2 FA profiles of Egyptian human milk. The resulting formulation, together with three commercial formulas and human milk, was compared for total and sn-2 FAs by gas chromatography, similarity indices, FTIR, DSC characteristics, and dynamic in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, including lipolysis degree and free FA release. IFCM contained 29 detectable fatty acids, matching human milk and exceeding commercial formulas ( ≤ 19), and reduced fatty acid mismatches with human milk to 11 vs. 12–19 in commercial products. Total saturated fatty acids reached 50.99%, and sn-2 palmitic acid 34.76%, closer to human milk than in commercial formulas. Intestinal lipolysis at 120 min was 66.47% for IFCM vs. 69.93% for human milk and 60.28%−65.43% for commercial formulas, while FTIR and DSC profiles of IFCM aligned more closely with human milk than with vegetable oil-based formulas. Combining CM fat with selected oils resulted in an infant formula with improved compositional and structural resemblance to human milk fat, as well as enhanced in vitro lipid digestion, compared to conventional formulas. IFCM represents a promising candidate human milk fat mimetic, warranting in vivo evaluation of its effects on infant growth, mineral absorption, and metabolic outcomes.