This study intended to examine and assess the performance of raw and treated Eriobotrya Japonica seed waste for the adsorption-based removal of methylene blue dye from an aqueous solution. The effects of several factors, including pH, adsorbent dose, and initial concentration, on the elimination of this dye were examined. To optimize the removal process, a Box-Behnken design (BBD) based on response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to evaluate the influence of key variables, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, and pH, along with their interactions. The findings demonstrated that the statistical analysis reveals a high significance of the dye for raw and treated Eriobotrya Japonica seed waste, with extremely weak probability values (p < 0.0001). The optimal conditions achieved were the adsorbent dose = 21.21 mg, initial dye concentration = 7.54 mg/L, and pH = 10.92 for the raw waste and adsorbent dosage = 21.75 mg, initial dye concentration = 7.5 mg/L, and pH = 11.7 for the extracted waste. These conditions result in a dye removal efficiency of 99.48% and 99.88% for raw and treated Eriobotrya Japonica seed waste, respectively. The methylene blue adsorption kinetics on the adsorbent can be precisely represented by an effective pseudo-second-order equation. The Freundlich model showed a significantly better fit to the experimental results compared to the Langmuir model.

Introduction: Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is a principal cause of foodborne and invasive infections worldwide. Ciprofloxacin continues to be a primary treatment for invasive cases, but resistance has emerged in several regions. In Morocco, although S. Enteritidis is frequently isolated, no ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates have been reported to date. Methodology: A total of 60 Salmonella strains were detected in clinical samples from the Mohammed VI University Hospital Center in Marrakech between 2018 and 2024. Strain S54 was identified as S. Enteritidis by serotyping. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted using Illumina technology, and resistance and virulence determinants were analyzed with ResFinder, PlasmidFinder, and VFDB databases. Results: Three isolates (5%), including the S54 strain, showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. Genomic analysis identified a D87Y substitution in gyrA and the presence of efflux genes (mdsA, mdsB). Several virulence genes, including those located in SPI-1 and SPI-2, were also detected. Conclusions: This study represents the first report of a ciprofloxacin-resistant S. Enteritidis strain in Morocco. These findings highlight the urgent need to strengthen molecular surveillance and implement preventive measures against fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella.