Protocatechuic aldehyde (PCA) is a natural phenolic acid compound with pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidative stress, antibacterial, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet aggregation, and anti-tumor. Despite the favorable therapeutic effects of PCA, it is imperative to recognize that adverse drug reactions can arise even with satisfactory quality assurance measures and during standard clinical application and dosing. Additionally, the acute toxicity and cardiotoxic sequelae of PCA are frequently under reported in the available documentation. To investigate the acute toxicity and cardiotoxic effects of PCA, the present study comprehensively assessed the acute toxicity and cardiotoxic effects of PCA by administering different concentrations of PCA and by monitoring the phenotypic changes in zebrafish, using AB wild-type Tg(cmlc2:EGFP) zebrafish as the experimental model organism. Meanwhile, the target genes of PCA that may cause cardiotoxicity were predicted and validated using a network pharmacology approach. Our findings indicated that PCA exhibited severe acute toxicity and cardiotoxic effects in zebrafish at 70 μg/mL and 80 μg/mL. Furthermore, PIK3CA, PARP1, and GSK3β may be involved in the mechanism of action of the cardiotoxicity-inducing effects of this compound. The present investigation has afforded a deeper insight into the acute toxicity and cardiotoxic impacts of PCA on zebrafish and has established a significant theoretical foundation for the evaluation of toxicity in pharmaceuticals incorporating PCA.

利用基于多品系apoeb基因敲除斑马鱼模型的抗动脉粥样硬化（arterial atherosclerosis, AS）中药复方筛选平台，系统筛选出具有抗AS潜力的理气活血功效的中药复方。

基于方剂大辞典数据库进行筛选，从933首活血化瘀方剂中筛选出复方丹参方、手拈散、金铃子散、理气活血汤。采用AB、Tg（mpeg1:EGFP）、Tg（lyzc:dsRed）、Tg（gata1a:mCherry）、Tg（flk1:EGFP）5种品系apoeb^－/－斑马鱼给予高脂饲料喂食2 d后构建AS模型，在此基础上给予DMSO（溶剂对照）、瑞舒伐他汀组（西药阳性对照）、复方丹参方组（中药阳性对照）、手拈散、金铃子散、理气活血汤药浴24 h，行油红O染色，检测血脂含量、氧化应激指标、血流速度、血管内皮细胞损伤情况以及炎症因子在斑马鱼体内表达情况，观察斑马鱼体内炎症细胞行为模式，综合评估理气活血方剂抗AS疗效。

与模型组比较，复方丹参方和手拈散可改善血管内脂质堆积，降低总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）含量，减少氧化应激反应，抑制中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞募集，修复血管内皮损伤，改善血流速度，降低炎症因子表达，从而减轻AS，差异有统计学意义；而金铃子散及理气活血汤对AS的改善效果有限。

该平台为抗AS中药复方的筛选和研究评价提供了一种高效性且靶向性较强的工具，加速推动抗AS中药复方的研究进程，为后续的药物开发和临床应用奠定了基础。